Relation Subtypes in the Data
In addition to the universal dependency taxonomy, it is desirable to recognize grammatical relations that are particular to one language or a small group of related languages. Such language-specific relations are necessary to accurately capture the genius of a particular language but will not involve concepts that generalize broadly. These language-specific relations should always be regarded as a subtype of an existing UD relation.
Labels of language-specific relations explictly encode the core UD relation that the language-specific relation is a subtype of, following the format universal:extension.
This is an automatically generated list of relation subtypes that occur in the UD data.
acl
- acl:adv: Ukrainian
- acl:attr: Chukchi, Sanskrit
- acl:cleft: Swedish
- acl:cont: Sanskrit
- acl:crel: Sanskrit
- acl:dpct: Sanskrit
- acl:inf: Portuguese
- acl:pred: Sanskrit
- acl:ptcp: Sanskrit
- acl:relat: Chukchi
- acl:relcl: Abkhaz, Akkadian, Albanian, Ancient Greek, Apurina, Arabic, Armenian, Assyrian, Bavarian, Beja, Belarusian, Bengali, Breton, Bulgarian, Cappadocian, Catalan, Chinese, Coptic, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Egyptian, English, Erzya, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Greek, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hebrew, Highland Puebla Nahuatl, Hindi, Hittite, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Karelian, Kazakh, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latin, Ligurian, Lithuanian, Livvi, Low Saxon, Macedonian, Maghrebi Arabic French, Malayalam, Manx, Marathi, Middle French, Moksha, Naija, Nheengatu, North Sami, Northwest Gbaya, Norwegian, Old East Slavic, Old French, Old Irish, Pashto, Paumari, Persian, Pesh, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Russian, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Skolt Sami, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Swiss German, Tagalog, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Ukrainian, Umbrian, Urdu, Veps, Vietnamese, Welsh, Western Armenian, Western Sierra Puebla Nahuatl, Wolof, Xibe, Zaar
- acl:subj: Vietnamese
- acl:tmod: Vietnamese
- acl:tonp: Vietnamese
advcl
- advcl:abs: Latin
- advcl:cau: Moksha
- advcl:caus: Sanskrit
- advcl:ccomp: Sanskrit
- advcl:cleft: French, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Naija, Northwest Gbaya
- advcl:cmp: Ancient Greek, Erzya, Gothic, Italian, Latin, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic
- advcl:cmpr: Polish
- advcl:compar: Abkhaz
- advcl:concess: Sanskrit
- advcl:cond: Abkhaz, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu, Uyghur
- advcl:consec: Sanskrit
- advcl:conv: Abkhaz
- advcl:coverb: Cantonese
- advcl:dpct: Sanskrit
- advcl:eval: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Moksha
- advcl:fin: Sanskrit
- advcl:lcl: Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Sanskrit
- advcl:manner: Sanskrit
- advcl:mcl: Komi Permyak
- advcl:objective: Vietnamese
- advcl:pred: Italian, Latin, Ukrainian
- advcl:purp: Abkhaz
- advcl:quote: Abkhaz
- advcl:relcl: Armenian, Bavarian, English, German, Gujarati, Italian, Latin, Nheengatu, Polish, Western Armenian
- advcl:seq: Abkhaz
- advcl:svc: Ukrainian
- advcl:tcl: Apurina, Erzya, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Romanian, Sanskrit, Skolt Sami
advmod
- advmod:adj: Vietnamese
- advmod:arg: Polish
- advmod:cau: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Moksha
- advmod:cmp: Erzya, Moksha
- advmod:deg: Erzya, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Skolt Sami
- advmod:det: Ukrainian
- advmod:df: Cantonese, Chinese
- advmod:dir: Vietnamese
- advmod:emph: Akkadian, Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Cappadocian, Catalan, Chukchi, Croatian, Czech, Hittite, Indonesian, Javanese, Komi Zyrian, Kyrgyz, Latgalian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Malayalam, Ottoman Turkish, Paumari, Polish, Pomak, Sanskrit, Sinhala, Slovak, South Levantine Arabic, Tamil, Tatar, Turkish, Turkish German, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian, Uyghur, Western Armenian
- advmod:eval: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Skolt Sami
- advmod:foc: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Skolt Sami
- advmod:freq: Komi Zyrian, Moksha
- advmod:lmod: Apurina, Danish, Erzya, Georgian, Italian, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Moksha, Paumari, Pesh, Skolt Sami
- advmod:loc: Hittite
- advmod:locy: Hungarian
- advmod:mmod: Erzya, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Skolt Sami
- advmod:mode: Hungarian
- advmod:neg: Buryat, Italian, Kiche, Kurmanji, Latgalian, Latin, Latvian, Maltese, Polish, Skolt Sami, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Western Sierra Puebla Nahuatl
- advmod:obl: Old French
- advmod:q: Abkhaz
- advmod:que: Hungarian
- advmod:tfrom: Hungarian
- advmod:tlocy: Hungarian
- advmod:tmod: Apurina, Erzya, Italian, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Moksha, Romanian, Skolt Sami
- advmod:to: Hungarian
- advmod:tto: Hungarian
amod
- amod:att: Hungarian
- amod:attlvc: Hungarian
- amod:flat: Polish
appos
- appos:nmod: Vietnamese
- appos:trans: Turkish German
aux
- aux:aspect: Erzya, Komi Zyrian
- aux:caus: Armenian, Classical Armenian, French, Western Armenian
- aux:clitic: Polish
- aux:cnd: Erzya, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Polish
- aux:ex: Armenian, Western Armenian
- aux:exhort: Apurina
- aux:imp: Erzya, Polish
- aux:nec: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, Skolt Sami
- aux:neg: Chukchi, Erzya, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Maltese, Moksha, North Sami, Tamil
- aux:opt: Erzya, Moksha
- aux:part: Gheg, Maltese
- aux:pass: Afrikaans, Ancient Greek, Arabic, Assyrian, Bavarian, Belarusian, Bhojpuri, Breton, Bulgarian, Buryat, Chinese, Czech, Dutch, English, Faroese, Finnish, French, Frisian Dutch, Galician, German, Hindi, Italian, Kangri, Karelian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Low Saxon, Macedonian, Maltese, Marathi, Middle French, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Old French, Pashto, Paumari, Persian, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Sinhala, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Swiss German, Tamil, Thai, Turkish German, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian, Vietnamese
- aux:pot: Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian
- aux:q: Cappadocian, Erzya, Moksha, Pomak, Turkish, Turkish German
- aux:tense: French, Komi Zyrian, Skolt Sami
case
- case:acc: Hebrew
- case:adv: Indonesian, Javanese
- case:det: Maltese, Middle French, Old French
- case:gen: Hebrew
- case:loc: Armenian, Cantonese, Chinese, Western Armenian
- case:pred: Welsh
- case:sim: Sanskrit
- case:voc: Irish, Old Irish, Scottish Gaelic
cc
- cc:nc: Middle French, Old French
- cc:preconj: Arabic, Dutch, English, Erzya, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, German, Gujarati, Hausa, Indonesian, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha, North Sami, Ottoman Turkish, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Skolt Sami, Slovenian, Spanish, Thai, Turkish, Zaar
ccomp
- ccomp:cleft: Polish
- ccomp:iobj: Abkhaz
- ccomp:obj: Abkhaz, Hungarian, Polish
- ccomp:obl: Hungarian
- ccomp:pmod: Romanian
- ccomp:poss: Abkhaz
- ccomp:pred: Hungarian
- ccomp:purp: Abkhaz
- ccomp:quote: Abkhaz
- ccomp:rel: Sanskrit
- ccomp:relcl: Italian, Latin
- ccomp:reported: Italian, Latin
- ccomp:ro: Abkhaz
- ccomp:speech: Portuguese
clf
- clf:det: Cantonese, Vietnamese
compound
- compound:a: Indonesian
- compound:adj: Vietnamese
- compound:affix: Hebrew
- compound:amod: Vietnamese
- compound:apr: Vietnamese
- compound:atov: Vietnamese
- compound:coord: Sanskrit
- compound:dir: Cantonese, Chinese, Vietnamese
- compound:ext: Cantonese, Chinese
- compound:lvc: Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kazakh, Khunsari, Korean, Kurmanji, Kyrgyz, Malayalam, Marathi, Nayini, Ottoman Turkish, Persian, Pesh, Sinhala, Soi, Tamil, Tatar, Telugu, Turkish, Turkish German, Uyghur, Uzbek, Western Armenian
- compound:name: Sanskrit
- compound:nn: Erzya, Finnish, Komi Zyrian, Livvi, Moksha, North Sami
- compound:pred: Abkhaz
- compound:preverb: Hungarian
- compound:pron: Vietnamese
- compound:prt: Abkhaz, Afrikaans, Arabic, Bavarian, Danish, Dutch, English, Erzya, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, Frisian Dutch, German, Icelandic, Irish, Karelian, Komi Permyak, Low Saxon, Naija, Old Irish, Persian, Sinhala, Spanish, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Swiss German, Tamil, Thai, Turkish German, Vietnamese, Wolof, Yoruba, Zaar
- compound:quant: Cantonese
- compound:redup: Armenian, Azerbaijani, Bambara, Cebuano, Classical Armenian, Classical Chinese, Erzya, Hindi, Kurmanji, Low Saxon, Marathi, Naija, Ottoman Turkish, Pomak, Spanish Sign Language, Tagalog, Tamil, Telugu, Turkish, Turkish German, Uyghur, Vietnamese, Welsh, Western Armenian, Zaar
- compound:smixut: Ancient Hebrew, Hebrew
- compound:svc: Amharic, Armenian, Beja, Chinese, Gujarati, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Kyrgyz, Malayalam, Marathi, Mbya Guarani, Naija, Northwest Gbaya, Pesh, Sinhala, Spanish Sign Language, Swedish Sign Language, Telugu, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Western Armenian, Wolof, Yoruba
- compound:verbnoun: Vietnamese
- compound:vmod: Vietnamese
- compound:vo: Cantonese, Chinese
- compound:vsc: Spanish Sign Language
- compound:vv: Cantonese, Chinese
- compound:z: Vietnamese
conj
- conj:expl: Latin
- conj:q: Abkhaz
- conj:redup: Northwest Gbaya
- conj:svc: Ukrainian
cop
- cop:emph: Malayalam
- cop:expl: Maltese
- cop:locat: Polish
- cop:outer: Latin
- cop:own: Finnish, Karelian, Livvi, Marathi
csubj
- csubj:asubj: Vietnamese
- csubj:caus: Classical Armenian
- csubj:cleft: Irish, Latin, Manx, Scottish Gaelic
- csubj:cop: Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, Irish, Komi Zyrian, Livvi, Manx, Moksha, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish, Veps
- csubj:outer: Abkhaz, Belarusian, Classical Chinese, Dutch, Egyptian, English, Hebrew, Japanese, Javanese, Latin, Low Saxon, Naija, Norwegian, Old East Slavic, Portuguese, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Turkish, Wolof
- csubj:pass: Albanian, Amharic, Ancient Greek, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Classical Armenian, Classical Chinese, Czech, Egyptian, English, French, German, Gothic, Greek, Hebrew, Indonesian, Italian, Javanese, Korean, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Vietnamese, Western Armenian
- csubj:relcl: Italian, Latin
- csubj:reported: Latin
- csubj:vsubj: Vietnamese
dep
- dep:agr: Kiche
- dep:alt: Upper Sorbian
- dep:ana: Yupik
- dep:aux: Yupik
- dep:comp: Beja, French
- dep:conj: Beja, Pesh
- dep:cop: Yupik
- dep:der: Turkish
- dep:emo: Yupik
- dep:flat: Beja
- dep:infl: Yupik
- dep:mark: Yupik
- dep:mod: Mbya Guarani
- dep:pos: Yupik
- dep:redup: Beja
- dep:repeat: Abaza
- dep:ss: Kiche
det
- det:adj: Albanian
- det:noun: Albanian
- det:numgov: Croatian, Czech, Latin, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian
- det:nummod: Czech, Polish, Ukrainian
- det:pmod: Vietnamese
- det:poss: Akkadian, Albanian, Armenian, Bavarian, Georgian, German, Irish, Italian, Korean, Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, Polish, Portuguese, Sinhala, Western Armenian
- det:predet: English, Italian, Persian
- det:pron: Albanian
- det:rel: Bambara
discourse
- discourse:conn: Hittite
- discourse:emo: Irish, Italian, Romanian
- discourse:filler: Slovenian, Spanish
- discourse:intj: Polish
- discourse:q: Turkish
- discourse:sp: Cantonese, Chinese, Classical Chinese
dislocated
- dislocated:advcl: Latin
- dislocated:ccomp: Latin
- dislocated:cleft: Mbya Guarani
- dislocated:csubj: Latin
- dislocated:mod: Beja
- dislocated:nsubj: Latin
- dislocated:obj: Beja, Latin
- dislocated:obl: Latin
- dislocated:subj: Beja
expl
- expl:comp: French
- expl:impers: Italian, Ligurian, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish
- expl:pass: Catalan, Czech, French, Hittite, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Spanish, Upper Sorbian
- expl:poss: Romanian
- expl:pv: Bavarian, Czech, Dutch, Egyptian, French, German, Gothic, Italian, Ligurian, Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Maghrebi Arabic French, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Spanish, Turkish German, Upper Sorbian
- expl:subj: French, Naija
flat
- flat:abs: Ukrainian
- flat:date: Vietnamese
- flat:dist: Armenian, Western Armenian
- flat:foreign: Arabic, Belarusian, Buryat, Chinese, Chukchi, Classical Chinese, Croatian, Czech, English, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, French, Galician, Georgian, Hausa, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Livvi, Naija, Norwegian, Old East Slavic, Old Irish, Persian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Slovak, Slovenian, South Levantine Arabic, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian, Vietnamese, Zaar
- flat:frac: Western Armenian
- flat:gov: Latin
- flat:name: Abkhaz, Ancient Greek, Ancient Hebrew, Armenian, Belarusian, Breton, Chinese, Chukchi, Erzya, Faroese, Finnish, French, Frisian Dutch, Galician, Georgian, German, Gothic, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Karelian, Kazakh, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Korean, Latgalian, Latin, Latvian, Livvi, Maltese, Moksha, Northwest Gbaya, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Skolt Sami, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Thai, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Welsh, Western Armenian, Xibe, Zaar
- flat:num: Komi Zyrian, Persian
- flat:number: Vietnamese
- flat:range: Armenian, Ukrainian, Western Armenian
- flat:redup: Italian, Latin, Vietnamese
- flat:repeat: Ukrainian
- flat:sibl: Ukrainian
- flat:time: Vietnamese
- flat:title: Ukrainian
- flat:vv: Classical Chinese
iobj
- iobj:agent: Armenian, French, Western Armenian
- iobj:appl: Wolof
- iobj:patient: Tagalog
mark
- mark:adv: Cantonese, Chinese, Xibe
- mark:advmod: Old French
- mark:int: Old Irish
- mark:pcomp: Vietnamese
- mark:plur: Xibe
- mark:prt: Chinese, Irish, Scottish Gaelic
- mark:q: Hebrew
- mark:rel: Cantonese, Chinese, Xibe
- mark:sim: Sanskrit
nmod
- nmod:agent: Welsh
- nmod:appos: French, Sanskrit
- nmod:arg: Polish, Yupik
- nmod:att: Hungarian
- nmod:attlvc: Hungarian
- nmod:attr: Chukchi
- nmod:bahuv: Moksha
- nmod:cau: Uyghur
- nmod:comp: Turkish, Uyghur
- nmod:desc: English
- nmod:det: Hittite
- nmod:flat: Polish
- nmod:gen: Breton
- nmod:gobj: Erzya, Finnish, Moksha
- nmod:gsubj: Erzya, Finnish, Karelian
- nmod:lmod: Erzya, Indonesian, Italian, Javanese, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Moksha
- nmod:npmod: Armenian, English, Western Armenian
- nmod:obj: Komi Zyrian
- nmod:obl: Hungarian
- nmod:part: Turkish, Uyghur
- nmod:poss: Abkhaz, Akkadian, Albanian, Ancient Hebrew, Apurina, Arabic, Armenian, Assyrian, Azerbaijani, Bambara, Beja, Bengali, Breton, Chukchi, Coptic, Danish, Dutch, English, Erzya, Estonian, Faroese, Finnish, Frisian Dutch, German, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Icelandic, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Karelian, Kazakh, Khunsari, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Korean, Kurmanji, Kyrgyz, Latin, Livvi, Low Saxon, Luxembourgish, Macedonian, Malayalam, Maltese, Manx, Marathi, Moksha, Naija, Nayini, Nheengatu, North Sami, Norwegian, Old Irish, Ottoman Turkish, Paumari, Persian, Polish, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Sinhala, Skolt Sami, Soi, South Levantine Arabic, Swedish, Swedish Sign Language, Swiss German, Tagalog, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Turkish, Uyghur, Uzbek, Vietnamese, Warlpiri, Welsh, Western Armenian, Wolof, Xibe, Zaar
- nmod:pre: Old Irish
- nmod:pred: Polish, Sanskrit
- nmod:prp: Komi Zyrian
- nmod:quote: Abkhaz
- nmod:redup: Welsh
- nmod:relat: Chukchi
- nmod:subj: Komi Zyrian
- nmod:tmod: Chinese, English, Gujarati, Indonesian, Irish, Javanese, Moksha, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Sinhala, Telugu, Turkish, Uyghur, Vietnamese
- nmod:unmarked: Coptic, English, Hebrew
nsubj
- nsubj:advmod: Old French
- nsubj:bfoc: Tagalog
- nsubj:caus: Armenian, Classical Armenian, French, Western Armenian
- nsubj:cleft: Latin
- nsubj:cop: Apurina, Breton, Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, Hebrew, Karelian, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Livvi, Moksha, Sanskrit, Skolt Sami, Turkish, Veps
- nsubj:ifoc: Tagalog
- nsubj:lfoc: Tagalog
- nsubj:lvc: Hungarian
- nsubj:nc: Persian, Tamil, Telugu
- nsubj:nn: Vietnamese
- nsubj:obj: Old French
- nsubj:outer: Abkhaz, Albanian, Ancient Greek, Ancient Hebrew, Azerbaijani, Basque, Beja, Belarusian, Bororo, Bulgarian, Catalan, Chinese, Classical Chinese, Danish, Dutch, Egyptian, English, Finnish, French, Georgian, German, Gheg, Gothic, Greek, Hebrew, Irish, Italian, Japanese, Javanese, Kyrgyz, Latin, Lithuanian, Naija, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Old French, Old Irish, Pesh, Portuguese, Russian, Scottish Gaelic, Spanish, Turkish, Turkish German, Ukrainian, Vietnamese
- nsubj:pass: Afrikaans, Albanian, Amharic, Ancient Greek, Arabic, Armenian, Assyrian, Bavarian, Belarusian, Bengali, Bulgarian, Buryat, Cantonese, Cappadocian, Catalan, Chinese, Classical Armenian, Classical Chinese, Czech, Dutch, Egyptian, English, Faroese, French, Frisian Dutch, Galician, Georgian, German, Gothic, Greek, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Javanese, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latin, Latvian, Lithuanian, Low Saxon, Macedonian, Maltese, Marathi, Moksha, Norwegian, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Ottoman Turkish, Pashto, Paumari, Persian, Pesh, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Skolt Sami, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Swiss German, Tagalog, Tamil, Thai, Tswana, Turkish, Turkish German, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian, Uyghur, Vietnamese, Western Armenian, Xibe
- nsubj:periph: Cantonese
- nsubj:xsubj: Vietnamese
nummod
- nummod:det: Vietnamese
- nummod:entity: Russian
- nummod:flat: Polish
- nummod:gov: Belarusian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Old East Slavic, Polish, Russian, Sanskrit, Serbian, Ukrainian, Upper Sorbian
obj
- obj:advmod: Old French
- obj:advneg: Old French
- obj:agent: Apurina, French, Tagalog
- obj:appl: Wolof
- obj:caus: Wolof
- obj:cs: Abkhaz
- obj:infx: Old Irish
- obj:lo: Abkhaz
- obj:lvc: French, Hungarian, Naija
- obj:obl: Old French
- obj:periph: Cantonese, Chinese
- obj:po: Abkhaz
- obj:poss: Abkhaz
- obj:ro: Abkhaz
obl
- obl:about: Vietnamese
- obl:adj: Vietnamese
- obl:adv: Vietnamese
- obl:advmod: Middle French, Old French
- obl:agent: Albanian, Ancient Greek, Armenian, Bavarian, Belarusian, Breton, Cantonese, Catalan, Chinese, Classical Armenian, Czech, Dutch, Egyptian, English, Erzya, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Gothic, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Indonesian, Italian, Javanese, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Lithuanian, Low Saxon, Maltese, Moksha, Naija, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Old Irish, Ottoman Turkish, Pashto, Paumari, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Skolt Sami, Spanish, Swedish, Tamil, Tswana, Turkish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Welsh, Western Armenian
- obl:appl: Wolof
- obl:arg: Ancient Greek, Arabic, Bavarian, Beja, Catalan, Chinese, Classical Armenian, Czech, Dutch, French, German, Gothic, Greek, Haitian Creole, Hausa, Icelandic, Italian, Latin, Lithuanian, Low Saxon, Maltese, Naija, Northwest Gbaya, Old Church Slavonic, Old East Slavic, Pashto, Persian, Pesh, Polish, Pomak, Portuguese, Sanskrit, Slovak, South Levantine Arabic, Spanish, Tamil, Ukrainian, Zaar
- obl:benef: Sanskrit
- obl:cau: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Kyrgyz, Moksha, Telugu
- obl:cmp: Erzya, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Moksha, Telugu
- obl:cmpr: Polish, Tamil
- obl:comp: Vietnamese
- obl:dat: Kurmanji
- obl:depict: Old East Slavic, Russian
- obl:float: Old East Slavic, Russian
- obl:freq: Moksha
- obl:goal: Sanskrit
- obl:grad: Sanskrit
- obl:inst: Erzya, Moksha, Tamil
- obl:instr: Sanskrit
- obl:iobj: Vietnamese
- obl:lmod: Apurina, Chinese, Classical Chinese, Danish, Erzya, Italian, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Latin, Moksha, Pomak, Sanskrit, Sinhala, Skolt Sami, Tamil, Tswana, Xibe
- obl:lmp: Komi Zyrian
- obl:lvc: Hungarian
- obl:manner: Sanskrit
- obl:mcl: Komi Zyrian
- obl:mod: Beja, French, Haitian Creole, Naija, Northwest Gbaya, Pesh, Yupik
- obl:npmod: Ancient Hebrew, English
- obl:obj: Guarani
- obl:orphan: Polish
- obl:own: Erzya, Kazakh
- obl:path: Sanskrit
- obl:patient: Cantonese, Chinese
- obl:pmod: Romanian, Tamil
- obl:poss: Thai
- obl:prep: Irish, Old Irish
- obl:pronmod: Old East Slavic, Russian
- obl:sentcon: Mbya Guarani
- obl:smod: Scottish Gaelic
- obl:soc: Sanskrit
- obl:source: Sanskrit
- obl:subj: Guajajara, Guarani
- obl:tmod: Albanian, Apurina, Arabic, Cantonese, Chinese, Classical Chinese, Danish, English, Erzya, Frisian Dutch, Georgian, German, Gujarati, Hindi, Indonesian, Irish, Italian, Javanese, Komi Permyak, Komi Zyrian, Korean, Kyrgyz, Latin, Manx, Moksha, Old East Slavic, Old Irish, Ottoman Turkish, Pomak, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Sanskrit, Scottish Gaelic, Sinhala, Skolt Sami, Spanish, Tamil, Telugu, Thai, Tswana, Turkish, Uyghur, Vietnamese, Warlpiri, Xibe
- obl:unmarked: Coptic, English, Hebrew
- obl:with: Vietnamese
orphan
- orphan:missing: Latin
- orphan:nsubjobj: Pashto
parataxis
- parataxis:appos: Italian
- parataxis:conj: Naija
- parataxis:discourse: Italian, Naija, Old East Slavic, Russian, Slovenian, Turkish German, Ukrainian
- parataxis:dislocated: Naija
- parataxis:hashtag: Irish, Italian
- parataxis:insert: Beja, French, Haitian Creole, Italian, Polish
- parataxis:mod: Beja, Naija
- parataxis:newsent: Ukrainian
- parataxis:nsubj: Italian
- parataxis:obj: Bambara, Italian, Polish
- parataxis:parenth: Beja, French, Hausa, Naija
- parataxis:quoter: Northwest Gbaya
- parataxis:rel: Ukrainian
- parataxis:rep: Chukchi, Latin, Mbya Guarani
- parataxis:reporting: Latin
- parataxis:restart: Slovenian
- parataxis:rt: Irish
- parataxis:sentence: Irish
- parataxis:trans: Turkish German
- parataxis:url: Irish
vocative
- vocative:cl: Ukrainian
- vocative:mention: Irish, Italian, Romanian
xcomp
- xcomp:adj: Vietnamese
- xcomp:cleft: Polish
- xcomp:dir: Vietnamese
- xcomp:ds: Erzya, Finnish, Karelian, Komi Permyak, Livvi
- xcomp:lo: Abkhaz
- xcomp:obj: Abkhaz, North Sami, Polish
- xcomp:pred: Irish, Manx, North Sami, Polish, Scottish Gaelic, Ukrainian
- xcomp:relcl: Latin
- xcomp:result: Sanskrit
- xcomp:subj: Abkhaz, Polish
- xcomp:vcomp: Vietnamese