compound:quant: verb-quantifier compound
Among the many verbal particles in Cantonese are affixal quantifiers 埋 / maai4 (~“also”) and 晒 / saai3 (~“all”) (Lee, 2012; we exclude 開 / hoi1 for syntactic distributional reasons); they may scope over any argument in the clause or even the predicate. They attach after verbs (1) and can be intervened by the potential 得 / dak1 or the negative potential 唔 / m4 (2), but differ from verb-verb compounds (compound:vv) in that they can co-occur with them, in which case they are attached after the verb-verb compounds (3).
# visual-style 2 3 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ 3SG
2 食 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ eat
3 埋 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
4 條 _ PART _ _ 5 det _ CL
5 魚 _ PART _ _ 2 obj _ fish
1 "He _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 ate _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 fish _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 as _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 well." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 2 4 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 我 _ PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ 1SG
2 飲 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ drink
3 得 _ PART _ _ 4 aux _ can
4 晒 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
1 "I _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 can _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 drink _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 all _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 of _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 it." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 2 4 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 你 _ PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ 1SG
2 打 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ hit
3 爛 _ VERB _ _ 2 compound:vv _ break
4 埋 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
5 啲 _ NOUN _ _ 6 det _ CL:PL
6 碗 _ NOUN _ _ 2 obj _ bowl
7 嘑 _ PART _ _ 2 discourse:sp _ SP
1 "You're _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 breaking _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 bowls _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 as _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 well." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
There is a limited case where a quantifier can co-occur with an aspect marker, between the quantifier 晒 / saai3 and the experiential aspect marker 過 / guo3.
# visual-style 6 8 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
# visual-style 8 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8 fgColor:white
1 美國 _ PROPN _ _ 4 nmod _ USA
2 嘅 _ PART _ _ 1 case _ GEN
3 國家 _ NOUN _ _ 4 compound _ nation
4 公園 _ NOUN _ _ 6 dislocated _ park
5 我 _ PRON _ _ 6 nsubj _ 1SG
6 去 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ go
7 過 _ AUX _ _ 6 aux _ EXP
8 晒 _ PART _ _ 6 compound:quant _ QF
9 嘑 _ PART _ _ 6 discourse:sp _ SP
1 "As _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 for _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 national _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 parks _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 in _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
7 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
8 US, _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
9 I've _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
10 been _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
11 to _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
12 all _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
13 of _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
14 them." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
Additionally, 埋 / maai4 and 晒 / saai3 can also co-occur, in that order.
# visual-style 2 3 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 2 4 compound:quant color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 2 nsubj _ 3SG
2 食 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ eat
3 埋 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
4 晒 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
5 啲 _ NOUN _ _ 6 det _ CL:PL
6 零食 _ NOUN _ _ 2 obj _ junk-food
1 "He _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 ate _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 all _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 the _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 junk _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 food _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
7 as _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
8 well." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
References
Lee, Peppina Po-lun. 2012. Cantonese Particles and Affixal Quantification (Volume 87 of Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory). Springer.
compound:quant in other languages: [yue]