advcl:coverb: adverbial coverb phrase
Coverb phrases in Cantonese are roughly equivalent to prepositional phrases in other languages. They are headed by a coverb followed by an object (analogous to preposition + object) and together introduce an extra argument, such as beneficiary, instrument, comitative, etc. Most of these Cantonese coverbs can take verbal markers (2-4), however, and therefore these phrases are considered clausal adjuncts here (in contrast to Mandarin where they are treated as prepositional phrases).
# visual-style 4 2 advcl:coverb color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 我 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj _ 1SG
2 幫 _ VERB _ _ 4 advcl:coverb _ help/for
3 佢 _ PRON _ _ 2 obj _ 3SG
4 做 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ do
5 咗 _ AUX _ _ 4 aux _ PERF
6 功課 _ NOUN _ _ 4 obj _ homework
1 "I _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 did _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 homework _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 for _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 her." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 5 2 advcl:coverb color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 5 nsubj _ 3SG
2 同 _ VERB _ _ 5 advcl:coverb _ with
3 得 _ AUX _ _ 2 aux _ can
4 我哋 _ PRON _ _ 2 obj _ 1PL
5 傾偈 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ chat
1 "He _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 can _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 chat _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 with _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 us." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 5 2 advcl:coverb color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 5 nsubj _ 3SG
2 同 _ VERB _ _ 5 advcl:coverb _ with
3 晒 _ PART _ _ 2 compound:quant _ QF
4 我哋 _ PRON _ _ 2 obj _ 1PL
5 傾偈 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ chat
1 "He _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 chat _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 with _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 all _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 of _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 us." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 6 2 advcl:coverb color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 6 nsubj _ 3SG
2 同 _ VERB _ _ 6 advcl:coverb _ with
3 唔 _ ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ NEG
4 同 _ VERB _ _ 2 conj _ with
5 我哋 _ PRON _ _ 2 obj _ 1PL
6 傾偈 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ chat
7 呀 _ PART _ _ 6 discourse:sp _ chat
1 "Is _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 he _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 going _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 to _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 chat _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 with _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
7 us." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
References
- Francis, Elaine J. and Stephen Matthews. 2006. ‘On Serial Verb Constructions in Cantonese.’ In Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y. and R.M.W. Dixon (Eds), Seria Verb Constructions: A Cross-Linguistic Typology, 69-86, Oxford University Press.
- Matthews, Stephen and Virginia Yip. 2011. Cantonese: A Comprehensive Grammar, 2nd ed. Routledge.
advcl:coverb in other languages: [yue]