UD Chinese GSDSimp
Language: Chinese (code: zh
)
Family: Sino-Tibetan
This treebank has been part of Universal Dependencies since the UD v2.5 release.
The following people have contributed to making this treebank part of UD: Peng Qi, Koichi Yasuoka.
Repository: UD_Chinese-GSDSimp
Search this treebank on-line: PML-TQ
Download all treebanks: UD 2.14
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Genre: wiki
Questions, comments? General annotation questions (either Chinese-specific or cross-linguistic) can be raised in the main UD issue tracker. You can report bugs in this treebank in the treebank-specific issue tracker on Github. If you want to collaborate, please contact [pengqi (æt) cs • stanford • edu]. Development of the treebank happens directly in the UD repository, so you may submit bug fixes as pull requests against the dev branch.
Annotation | Source |
---|---|
Lemmas | assigned by a program, with some manual corrections, but not a full manual verification |
UPOS | annotated manually in non-UD style, automatically converted to UD, with some manual corrections of the conversion |
XPOS | annotated manually |
Features | assigned by a program, with some manual corrections, but not a full manual verification |
Relations | annotated manually in non-UD style, automatically converted to UD |
Description
Simplified Chinese Universal Dependencies dataset converted from the GSD (traditional) dataset with manual corrections.
This is a simplified Chinese version of the UD Chinese GSD treebank. It is initially automatically converted into simplified Chinese with the OpenCC tool with patterns for mapping punctuation, then corrected with manual fixes.
Acknowledgments
Statistics of UD Chinese GSDSimp
POS Tags
ADJ – ADP – ADV – AUX – CCONJ – DET – NOUN – NUM – PART – PRON – PROPN – PUNCT – SCONJ – SYM – VERB – X
Features
Aspect – Case – Number – NumType – PartType – Person – Polarity – Voice
Relations
acl – acl:relcl – advcl – advmod – amod – appos – aux – aux:pass – case – cc – ccomp – clf – compound – compound:ext – conj – cop – csubj – csubj:pass – det – discourse – discourse:sp – dislocated – flat:foreign – flat:name – iobj – mark – mark:adv – mark:rel – nmod – nmod:tmod – nsubj – nsubj:pass – nummod – obj – obl – obl:patient – orphan – parataxis – punct – reparandum – root – vocative – xcomp
Tokenization and Word Segmentation
- This corpus contains 4997 sentences and 123291 tokens.
- This corpus contains 122962 tokens (100%) that are not followed by a space.
- This corpus does not contain words with spaces.
- This corpus contains 41 types of words that contain both letters and punctuation. Examples: #A, DC-10, km/h, #B, #C, #D, #E, #F, #G, -an, A-AVG, AK-47, Arzacq-Arraziguet, Beaune-Sud, Berne-Belp, CI-7957, CRH380B-002, F-15A, F-16A, Frito-Lay, It's, Kink.com, MD-11, Micro-USM, NX-01, Navy's, O., P-700, Pre-rendering, S-IVB, TVS-5, Tu-16, Uhler-Phillips, al-Banna, f(x), g(x), t.163.com, t.qq.com, t.sina.com.cn, t.sohu.com, t.xxxx.com
Morphology
Tags
- This corpus uses 16 UPOS tags out of 17 possible: ADJ, ADP, ADV, AUX, CCONJ, DET, NOUN, NUM, PART, PRON, PROPN, PUNCT, SCONJ, SYM, VERB, X
- This corpus does not use the following tags: INTJ
- This corpus contains 574 word types tagged as particles (PART): 不, 业, 中, 临, 主, 之, 乐, 乡, 书, 了, 事, 井, 亚, 亭, 亲, 人, 今, 代, 令, 们, 价, 众, 会, 传, 伪, 位, 低, 体, 佛, 作, 佬, 使, 侠, 侧, 侨, 侯, 信, 值, 元, 先, 光, 光棍, 党, 公, 关, 兵, 典, 内, 军, 冠, 冢, 冷, 准, 刀, 分, 列, 制, 券, 剂, 前, 剑, 剧, 副, 力, 功, 劣, 包, 化, 区, 医, 半, 单, 卡, 卫, 卿, 厂, 厅, 压, 原, 县, 友, 变, 口, 古, 台, 史, 叶, 号, 司, 同, 名, 后, 吗, 君, 否, 吧, 呀, 员, 呢, 周, 味, 和美, 品, 哈尔滨, 商, 啊, 嘴, 器, 因, 团, 园, 围, 国, 图, 圆, 圈, 土, 圣, 地, 场, 坊, 坟, 坡, 型, 城, 埤, 基, 堂, 堡, 堤, 塔, 塘, 墓, 墙, 墟, 士, 处, 外, 多, 夜, 大, 天, 头, 夹, 奏, 奖, 套, 女, 奸, 好, 妃, 妇, 妹, 始, 娘, 婆, 子, 孔, 字, 季, 学, 宏, 宗, 官, 审, 客, 室, 宫, 家, 宽, 富, 对, 寺, 将, 小, 尖, 尸, 局, 层, 屋, 展, 属, 屯, 山, 屿, 岗, 岛, 岩, 岭, 岸, 峡, 峰, 崖, 川, 州, 工, 巷, 币, 市, 布, 师, 帝, 带, 席, 帮, 帽, 年, 庄, 床, 庐, 库, 底, 店, 庙, 府, 度, 座, 庭, 廷, 式, 弯, 弹, 强, 录, 形, 径, 徒, 得, 御, 微, 徽, 心, 志, 快, 态, 性, 怪, 总, 恋, 恒, 感, 戏, 战, 户, 房, 所, 手, 打, 报, 拖, 挡, 支, 教, 数, 文, 斋, 斗, 新, 方, 族, 旗, 日, 旧, 星, 晚, 暖, 暗, 曲, 月, 服, 朝, 期, 本, 术, 机, 权, 杆, 材, 村, 束, 杯, 板, 林, 枪, 架, 柜, 树, 校, 株, 核, 格, 案, 档, 桥, 桨, 梁, 梦, 棍, 棒, 棚, 椭, 楼, 榜, 橙, 次, 款, 歌, 正, 死, 段, 殿, 母, 毒, 氏, 气, 水, 江, 池, 沟, 河, 沼, 泉, 法, 波, 洋, 洞, 洲, 派, 浅, 浊, 浓, 浦, 海, 涌, 液, 淡, 深, 混, 清, 渡, 港, 湖, 湾, 溥仪, 溪, 满, 满洲, 滩, 潮, 澡, 澳, 火, 炉, 炎, 炮, 点, 烃, 烟, 热, 父, 爷, 片, 版, 牌, 物, 犯, 状, 狂, 狗, 狮, 猫, 率, 王, 班, 球, 琴, 生, 电, 男, 町, 画, 界, 畔, 病, 症, 癌, 癖, 的, 的话, 皮, 目, 省, 眼, 督, 短, 石, 矿, 码, 硅, 碑, 碱, 礁, 礼, 社, 神, 祠, 秀, 秋, 种, 科, 秤, 税, 窑, 窟, 站, 端, 符, 笨, 等, 管, 箱, 篇, 籍, 米, 类, 粉, 精, 糖, 系, 素, 红, 级, 纪, 纯, 纲, 纸, 纹, 线, 组, 结, 绣, 综, 网, 罩, 罪, 署, 羊, 美, 群, 翁, 老, 者, 而已, 肉, 胎, 胚, 胶, 能, 脚, 脸, 腔, 腿, 膜, 舞, 舰, 舱, 船, 艇, 色, 节, 花, 茶, 药, 菌, 菜, 营, 蓝, 藤, 藩, 蛙, 行, 街, 衣, 表, 裔, 裙, 裤, 观, 角, 记, 论, 证, 词, 诗, 话, 语, 说, 课, 谱, 谷, 豆, 象, 质, 费, 资, 赛, 超, 路, 躁, 身, 车, 轩, 软, 轴, 轻, 边, 近, 远, 迷, 通, 道, 邦, 邨, 郎, 郡, 部, 都, 配, 酒, 酸, 里, 重, 量, 金, 针, 钢, 铁, 铭, 链, 锅, 锦, 键, 镇, 镜, 长, 门, 间, 阁, 队, 阶, 际, 陆, 院, 陵, 集, 非, 面, 音, 顶, 题, 额, 风, 餐, 饭, 饼, 馆, 馍, 马, 骨, 高, 鬼, 鱼, 鲜, 鸟
- This corpus contains 41 lemmas tagged as pronouns (PRON): 个人, 之, 什么, 他, 他俩, 何, 何方, 你, 其, 各自, 哪, 哪里, 大家, 她, 她俩, 如何, 它, 对方, 彼此, 您, 我, 本人, 本地, 本身, 此, 熟, 甚么, 祂, 自家, 自己, 自我, 自身, 谁, 这, 这些, 这儿, 这样, 这里, 那, 那样, 那里
- This corpus contains 135 lemmas tagged as determiners (DET): $5,000, A330, AEG, AK-47, Activision, Advance, Android, CRH380C, Eve, Ghost, Google, JAXA, KKR, Kekal, Kilpatrick, M1, NDS, OROCHI, PSP, Rivers, The, WHO, Wheeler, g(x), iPhone, iPod, km/h, p, 一切, 上, 下, 以上, 以下, 任, 任何, 众, 何, 全, 全体, 全套, 全部, 关于, 其他, 其余, 其它, 别, 前, 前任, 占领, 历届, 发售, 另, 另外, 各, 各个, 各州, 各式, 各种, 各种各样, 各类, 各级, 各项, 同, 同年, 后, 夕拾, 当届, 所有, 整, 整个, 整场, 整块, 整套, 整所, 整架, 整片, 整颗, 是次, 有的, 本, 本届, 本班, 某, 某个, 某些, 某种, 此, 此套, 此次, 此种, 此等, 此类, 此项, 每, 每个, 每位, 每元, 每卡, 每周, 每天, 每年, 每座, 每户, 每所, 每日, 每枚, 每次, 每段, 每片, 每秒, 每组, 每边, 每间, 每队, 每集, 该, 该届, 该批, 该族, 该条, 该段, 该组, 该集, 诸, 近, 这, 这些, 这次, 这种, 那, 那些, 首, 首任, 首条, 首部
- Out of the above, 5 lemmas occurred sometimes as PRON and sometimes as DET: 何, 此, 这, 这些, 那
- This corpus contains 29 lemmas tagged as auxiliaries (AUX): 为, 了, 会, 可, 可以, 可能, 应, 应当, 应该, 得, 必, 必须, 想, 愿, 愿意, 敢, 是, 欲, 着, 肯, 能, 能够, 被, 要, 该, 过, 需, 需要, 须
- Out of the above, 12 lemmas occurred sometimes as AUX and sometimes as VERB: 为, 了, 得, 必须, 想, 敢, 是, 着, 要, 过, 需, 需要
- This corpus does not use the VerbForm feature.
Nominal Features
- Plur
- NOUN: 人们
- PART: 们
- PRON: 他们, 它们, 我们, 她们
- Gen
- ADP: 之外
- PART: 的, 之, 地
Degree and Polarity
- Neg
- ADV: 不, 未, 没, 别, 无
- AUX: 不会, 不是, 不能, 未能, 不可, 不得, 不应, 不愿, 不想, 不需
- VERB: 没有, 不是, 不及, 不如, 不敌, 不满, 没收, 不停, 不受, 不变
Verbal Features
- Perf
- AUX: 了, 过
- PART: 了
- Prog
- AUX: 着
- Cau
- ADP: 以
- VERB: 以, 使, 让, 使得, 令, 导致, 要求, 派, 派遣, 任命
- Pass
- AUX: 被, 为
Pronouns, Determiners, Quantifiers
- Card
- NUM: 一, 两, 三, 1, 3, 12, 5, 2, 8, 10
- Ord
- ADJ: 第16, 第一
- NUM: 第一, 第二, 第三, 首次, 第四, 第五, 第1, 第六, 第七, 首位
- 1
- PRON: 我, 我们
- 2
- PRON: 你, 您
- 3
- PRON: 他, 其, 她, 它, 他们, 它们, 她们, 祂, 他俩, 她俩
Other Features
- PartType
- Int
- PART: 呢, 吗, 啊
- Int
Syntax
Auxiliary Verbs and Copula
- This corpus uses 2 lemmas as copulas (cop). Examples: 是、 为.
- This corpus uses 26 lemmas as auxiliaries (aux). Examples: 了、 会、 可以、 着、 可、 能、 要、 过、 可能、 必须、 能够、 想、 应、 需、 需要、 得、 须、 应该、 愿、 愿意、 欲、 必、 肯、 应当、 敢、 该.
- This corpus uses 2 lemmas as passive auxiliaries (aux:pass). Examples: 被、 为.
Core Arguments, Oblique Arguments and Adjuncts
Here we consider only relations between verbs (parent) and nouns or pronouns (child).
- nsubj
- VERB--NOUN (4044)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(上) (6)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(下) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(不) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(与)-ADP(的) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(中) (12)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(为) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(主) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之间) (5)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(以) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(关于)-ADP(的) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(内) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(前) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(前)-ADP(副)-ADP(总) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(副) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(原) (5)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(和)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(在)-ADP(的) (6)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(大) (18)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(宽) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(对)-ADP(的) (9)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(对于)-ADP(的) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(小) (9)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(弯) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(强) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(微) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(总) (5)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(新) (14)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(旧) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(暗) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(有关)-ADP(的) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(期间)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(清) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(经过)-ADP(的) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(老) (5)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(里) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(间) (1)
- VERB--PRON (736)
- VERB--PRON-ADP(之间) (2)
- obj
- VERB--NOUN (5408)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(上) (7)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(下) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(不) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(与)-ADP(的) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(与)-ADP(的)-ADP(老) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(中) (13)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(主) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之上) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之下) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之中) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之内) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(之间) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(于)-ADP(的) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(亚) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(亲) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(今) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(代) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(以上) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(以下) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(以外) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(伪) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(低) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(像是)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(关于)-ADP(的) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(内) (6)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(分) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(副) (8)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(原) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(古) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(后) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(向)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(在)-ADP(的) (14)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(堂) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(外) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(大) (34)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(好) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(始) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(子) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(宽) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(对)-ADP(的) (26)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(对)-ADP(的)-ADP(上) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(对于)-ADP(的) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(小) (14)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(左右) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(弯) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(快) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(总) (8)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(新) (21)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(旧) (4)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(有关)-ADP(的) (6)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(毒) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(浓) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(热) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(直到)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(离)-ADP(的) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(超) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(躁) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(轻)-ADP(重) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(里) (3)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(重) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(间) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(鲜) (1)
- VERB--PRON (98)
- VERB--PRON-ADP(之中) (1)
- iobj
- VERB--NOUN (44)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(上) (1)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(中) (2)
- VERB--NOUN-ADP(主) (1)
- VERB--PRON (8)
Relations Overview
- This corpus uses 12 relation subtypes: acl:relcl, aux:pass, compound:ext, csubj:pass, discourse:sp, flat:foreign, flat:name, mark:adv, mark:rel, nmod:tmod, nsubj:pass, obl:patient
- The following 1 main types are not used alone, they are always subtyped: flat
- The following 5 relation types are not used in this corpus at all: expl, fixed, list, goeswith, dep