Case: case
Case is usually an inflectional feature of nouns, helping to specify the role of the noun phrase in the sentence. Swedish makes use of three cases: nominative, accusative, and genitive. The accusative is found only in pronouns (PRON), while the nominative/genitive distinction occurs with nouns (NOUN), proper nouns (PROPN) and adjectives (ADJ).
Nom: nominative
The base form, typically used as a citation form (lemma).
Examples
- [sv] att ta ansvar “to take responsibility”
- [sv] riskerna är stora “the risks are large”
Acc: accusative
In many languages used for direct objects of verbs. In modern Swedish this form is only used for personal pronouns. In earlier stages, it is found also for nouns and proper nouns.
Examples
- [sv] du behöver dem “you need them”
- [sv] ta med dig “take with you”
Dat: dative
In many languages used for indirect objects of verbs and/or oblique arguments. In modern Swedish this form is not used at all. In earlier stages, it is found for pronouns, nouns and proper nouns.
Examples
- [sv] for budhit ær honum mere at ætæ “for offered to-him is more to eat”
- [sv] _hær sigx aff abotum allum skemptan mykla_ “here is told of all abbots many a joke”
Gen: genitive
Prototypical meaning of genitive is that the noun phrase somehow belongs to its governor; it would often be translated by the English preposition of. The genitive in Swedish does not however always imply possession, for example Stillhetens hav “Sea of Tranquility”
Examples
- [sv] eftermiddagens övningar “the afternoon’s exercises”
- [sv] patientens ekonomi “the patient’s finances”
Case in other languages: [am] [apu] [arr] [bej] [bg] [cs] [ctn] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [ga] [gn] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [ka] [kmr] [koi] [kpv] [ky] [mdf] [myu] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [pcm] [ps] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tl] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urb] [urj] [uz] [xcl] [xmf] [yrk]