Case: case
In Bulgarian only some nouns have special vocative forms (v):
Examples
- Иване, приятелю, Родино, Стефке / Ivane, priyatelyu, Rodino, Stefke (Ivan, friend, homeland, Stefka)
The cases are still alive in personal pronouns: nominative (n), accusative (a) and dative (d).
Examples
- нея, тя, му, го / neya, tya, mu, go (her.ACC.LONG, she.NOM, him.DAT.SHORT, him.ACC.SHORT).
Accusative and dative cases are still present in the masculine, singular forms of some other pronouns – interrogative, indefinite, collective, relative, negative. Please note that the dative forms are analytical and thus, only the accusative form is marked after the preposition ‘на’.
Examples
- кого, някого, никого / kogo, nyakogo, nikogo (whom, someone.ACC, nobody.ACC)
- на кого, на някого, на никого / na kogo, na nyakogo, na nikogo (to whom, to someone.ACC, to nobody.ACC)
In our tagset another idiosyncratic case has been marked – the so-called ‘dative possessive case’ (s). It refers to situations where the short possessive pronoun comes before its possessor noun and thus – next to the verb.
Examples
- Той ми взе шапката / Toy mi vze shapkata ‘He my.POSS took hat.DEF’ (He took my hat.)
The canonical sentence would be: Той взе шапката ми / Toy vze shapkata mi ‘He took hat.DEF my.POSS’ (He took my hat).
Case in other languages: [bg] [cs] [en] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [myv] [pcm] [pt] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [u] [uk] [urj]