home edit page issue tracker

nsubj: nominal subject

A nominal subject (nsubj) is a nominal which is the syntactic subject a clause. In Khoekhoe, the second position in the clause is always occupied by the person-gender-number subject marker. If there is a nominal subject in the clause initial position, the subject person-gender-number is suffixed to it and this nominal has the nsubj relation. Otherwise, the subject person-gender-number is realized as a clitic. The full syntactic subject can occur in a different position in the clause, in this case it takes take the oblique (accusative) case suffix -a. In this case the subject person-gender-number clitic has the expl relation and the full nominal subject has the nsubj relation.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Aob ge ra mû . \n Man.3M.SG.SBJ DECL IPFV see .
nsubj(mû, Aob)
nsubj(see, Man.3M.SG.SBJ)
{
    "text": "Aob ge ra mû . \n Man.3M.SG.SBJ DECL IPFV see . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 13, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 17, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 31, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 36, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 41, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 45, 46 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Xawe b ge ra mû . \n But 3M.SG.SBJ DECL IPFV see .
nsubj(mû, b)
nsubj(see, 3M.SG.SBJ)
{
    "text": "Xawe b ge ra mû . \n But 3M.SG.SBJ DECL IPFV see . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 13, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 16, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 20, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 24, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 34, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 39, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 44, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T13", "token", [ [ 48, 49 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T12" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Xawe b ge aoba ra mû . \n But 3M.SG.SBJ DECL man.3M.SG.OBL IPFV see .
expl(mû, b)
nsubj(mû, aoba)
expl(see, 3M.SG.SBJ)
nsubj(see, man.3M.SG.OBL)
{
    "text": "Xawe b ge aoba ra mû . \n But 3M.SG.SBJ DECL man.3M.SG.OBL IPFV see . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 15, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 18, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 21, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 29, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 39, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T12", "token", [ [ 44, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T13", "token", [ [ 58, 62 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T14", "token", [ [ 63, 66 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T15", "token", [ [ 67, 68 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "expl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R3", "expl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T14" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T14" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

The governor of the nsubj relation is not always a verb: with non-verbal predication the root of the clause can be an adjective or a noun.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Amob ge a gaxu . \n Amos.3M.SG.SBJ DECL is tall .
nsubj(gaxu, Amob)
cop(tall, Amos.3M.SG.SBJ)
{
    "text": "Amob ge a gaxu . \n Amos.3M.SG.SBJ DECL is tall . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 15, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 19, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T8", "token", [ [ 34, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T9", "token", [ [ 39, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T10", "token", [ [ 42, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T11", "token", [ [ 47, 48 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

The subject of the clause can also be a nominalized clause (see csubj).

For subtypes nsubj:pass and csubj:pass) are used for the grammatical subject of a passivized verb.

---

nsubj in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gd] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kmr] [ky] [mr] [myv] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [uz] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

© 2014–2024 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.