VerbForm
: form of verb or deverbative
Values: | Conv | Fin | Part | Vnoun |
The feature VerbForm
can be used for verbal or deverbal elements in matrix and embedded clauses.
As of now, Kyrgyz treebanks make use of Conv
, Fin
, Part
, and Vnoun
.
Conv
: converb
The converb, also called transgressive or adverbial participle, is a non-finite verb form that shares properties of verbs and adverbs.
Examples
- Мен аны басып баратканын көрдүм. “I saw it while I was walking”
- Ал окуу менен жакшыраак үйрөнөт. “She/he learns better by reading”
Fin
: finite verb
Verbs that are marked for mood (Mood), tense (Tense) or
person (Person) are finite and are assigned the VerbForm
value Fin
.
Either embedded or matrix verbs can be finite.
Rule of thumb: If the verb and all of its dependents can be uttered alone without a conversational context, the verb should be finite.
Examples
- Ал үйгө келди. “She came home.”
- Мен сени үйгө келдин деп ойлогом.. “I thought you came home.”
- Үйгө келгениңди уктум. “I heard that you came home.”
- Үйгө келдиң, эч кандай маселе жок. “You came home, so there is no problem.”
Part
: participle
Participle is a non-finite verb form which functions like an adjective. The participles are introduced using a number of subordinating suffixes.
If the head of the relative clause is omitted (so-called “headless relative clauses”), we treat the word like a verbal noun.
Examples
- Мен окуй турган китеп “the book that I will read”
- мен окуган китеп “the book that I have read”
- сен окуп жаткан китеп “the book that you are reading”
Vnoun
: verbal noun
Verbal nouns are derived from verbs. Such words in Kyrgyz take the following suffixes:
_-уу, -оо are often called the infinitive and used as the citation form of the
verb. Nevertheless, we annotate them as VerbForm=Vnoun
, not Inf
.
Examples
- Мен сенин кетиш-иңди каалайм. “I want you to go”
- Учуп кетебиз. “Let’s take off”
- Бүттүдеп ойлогом. “I thought you were finished”
- Мен ал жерден өткүм келген жок. “I didn’t want to pass there”
Inf
: infinitive verb
An infinitive verb.
Examples
Coming soon.
VerbForm in other languages: [ab] [abq] [akk] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cu] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gub] [gun] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [la] [mdf] [myv] [orv] [pcm] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj]