VerbForm: form of verb or deverbative
| Values: | Conv | Fin | Part | Vnoun |
The feature VerbForm can be used for verbal or deverbal elements in matrix and embedded clauses.
As of now, Kyrgyz treebanks make use of Conv, Fin, Part, and Vnoun.
Conv: converb
The converb, also called transgressive or adverbial participle, is a non-finite verb form that shares properties of verbs and adverbs.
Examples
- Мен аны басып баратканын көрдүм. “I saw it while I was walking”
- Ал окуу менен жакшыраак үйрөнөт. “She/he learns better by reading”
Fin: finite verb
Verbs that are marked for mood (Mood), tense (Tense) or
person (Person) are finite and are assigned the VerbForm value Fin.
Either embedded or matrix verbs can be finite.
Rule of thumb: If the verb and all of its dependents can be uttered alone without a conversational context, the verb should be finite.
Examples
- Ал үйгө келди. “She came home.”
- Мен сени үйгө келдин деп ойлогом.. “I thought you came home.”
- Үйгө келгениңди уктум. “I heard that you came home.”
- Үйгө келдиң, эч кандай маселе жок. “You came home, so there is no problem.”
Part: participle
Participle is a non-finite verb form which functions like an adjective. The participles are introduced using a number of subordinating suffixes.
If the head of the relative clause is omitted (so-called “headless relative clauses”), we treat the word like a verbal noun.
Examples
- Мен окуй турган китеп “the book that I will read”
- мен окуган китеп “the book that I have read”
- сен окуп жаткан китеп “the book that you are reading”
Vnoun: verbal noun
Verbal nouns are derived from verbs. Such words in Kyrgyz take the following suffixes:
_-уу, -оо are often called the infinitive and used as the citation form of the
verb. Nevertheless, we annotate them as VerbForm=Vnoun, not Inf.
Examples
- Мен сенин кетиш-иңди каалайм. “I want you to go”
- Учуп кетебиз. “Let’s take off”
- Бүттүдеп ойлогом. “I thought you were finished”
- Мен ал жерден өткүм келген жок. “I didn’t want to pass there”
VerbForm in other languages: [abq] [akk] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cu] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gub] [gun] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [ka] [kpv] [ky] [la] [mdf] [myv] [orv] [pcm] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj]