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PRON: pronoun

Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context.

See also PronType.

Examples

References


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

There are 48 PRON lemmas (0%), 599 PRON types (1%) and 11924 PRON tokens (7%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 6 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: se, joka, tämä, hän, minä, mikä, kaikki, muu, jokin, sinä

The 10 most frequent PRON types: se, hän, sen, joka, sitä, siitä, tämä, tämän, jotka, ne

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: joka (PRON 1667, ADV 6), kaikki (PRON 487, ADV 1), muu (PRON 378, ADV 1), toinen (PRON 171, ADJ 136, NOUN 36), itse (PRON 165, ADV 119), yksi (NUM 173, PRON 47), ainoa (PRON 30, ADJ 5, NOUN 1), harva (PRON 8, ADJ 4, ADV 1), usea (ADJ 107, PRON 4), useampi (PRON 2, ADJ 2)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: sen (PRON 476, ADV 13), joka (PRON 467, ADV 6), sitä (PRON 303, ADV 18, CONJ 2), tämän (PRON 181, ADV 1), mitä (PRON 177, ADV 12, CONJ 4, SCONJ 1), kaikki (PRON 170, ADV 1), siinä (PRON 74, ADV 13), tästä (PRON 55, ADV 1), jotain (PRON 79, ADV 2), sillä (SCONJ 138, PRON 59)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 12.479167 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.036755).

The 1st highest number of forms (46) was observed with the lemma “se”: Senhän, Siinäpä, Sitähän, ne, nekin, niiden, niidenkin, niihin, niil, niilki, niille, niillä, niilläkin, niiltä, niinä, niissä, niistä, niistäkin, niit, niitten, niitä, se, sehän, sekin, sekään, sen, senkin, senkään, sieltä, siihe, siihen, siihenkin, siin, siinä, siitä, siitähän, siitäkin, siitäs, sille, sillä, silläkin, siltä, sinä, sitä, sitäkin, sitäkään.

The 2nd highest number of forms (45) was observed with the lemma “minä”: Mehän, me, meidän, meidät, meil, meille, meillä, meilläkin, meiltä, meistä, meitä, meiäm, meiän, mekin, mie, minua, minulla, minulle, minulta, minultakin, minun, minunkin, minussa, minussakin, minusta, minut, minutkin, minuun, minä, minähän, minäkin, minäkään, minäpä, mua, mul, mull, mulla, mulle, mullekin, multa, mun, musta, mut, mä, mää.

The 3rd highest number of forms (39) was observed with the lemma “tämä”: Näine, Tähänkin, Tässäkö, Täst, näiden, näihin, näille, näillä, näinä, näis, näissä, näissäkin, näistä, näitä, näitäkin, nämä, nää, tähän, tähän(kin), täksi, tälle, tällekin, tällä, tältä, tämä, tämäkin, tämän, tämänkin, tän, tänä, tänäkin, tänäkään, tässä, tässäkin, tästä, tästäkin, tätä, tätäkä, tää.

PRON occurs with 11 features: fi-feat/Number (11920; 100% instances), fi-feat/Case (11919; 100% instances), fi-feat/PronType (11725; 98% instances), fi-feat/Person (2474; 21% instances), fi-feat/Style (285; 2% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (191; 2% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (176; 1% instances), fi-feat/Reflex (165; 1% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (46; 0% instances), fi-feat/Typo (15; 0% instances), fi-feat/Degree (4; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 41 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Com, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Han,Ko, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Clitic=Pa, Clitic=S, Degree=Pos, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, PronType=Dem, PronType=Ind, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rcp, PronType=Rel, Reflex=Yes, Style=Coll, Typo=Yes

PRON occurs with 360 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem (1145 tokens). Examples: se, tämä, tuo

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 28 different relations: fi-dep/det (3128; 26% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (2868; 24% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2274; 19% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1523; 13% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (737; 6% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (662; 6% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (186; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (114; 1% instances), fi-dep/conj (103; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (71; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (55; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (45; 0% instances), fi-dep/advmod (41; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (38; 0% instances), fi-dep/remnant (21; 0% instances), fi-dep/appos (20; 0% instances), fi-dep/mwe (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp:ds (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/dep (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (6597; 55% instances), NOUN (4291; 36% instances), ADJ (471; 4% instances), PRON (220; 2% instances), ADV (130; 1% instances), ROOT (114; 1% instances), PROPN (57; 0% instances), NUM (30; 0% instances), AUX (6; 0% instances), SYM (3; 0% instances), X (3; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances), SCONJ (1; 0% instances)

10389 (87%) PRON nodes are leaves.

1158 (10%) PRON nodes have one child.

184 (2%) PRON nodes have two children.

193 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 10.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 30 different relations: fi-dep/case (396; 17% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (343; 15% instances), fi-dep/advmod (261; 11% instances), fi-dep/punct (231; 10% instances), fi-dep/nmod (155; 7% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (134; 6% instances), fi-dep/cop (132; 6% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (127; 5% instances), fi-dep/det (103; 4% instances), fi-dep/advcl (100; 4% instances), fi-dep/conj (85; 4% instances), fi-dep/mwe (84; 4% instances), fi-dep/cc (80; 3% instances), fi-dep/mark (42; 2% instances), fi-dep/appos (24; 1% instances), fi-dep/remnant (23; 1% instances), fi-dep/amod (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (7; 0% instances), fi-dep/neg (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/cc:preconj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: VERB (616; 26% instances), ADP (395; 17% instances), ADV (337; 14% instances), NOUN (324; 14% instances), PUNCT (231; 10% instances), PRON (220; 9% instances), CONJ (79; 3% instances), ADJ (58; 2% instances), SCONJ (51; 2% instances), PROPN (32; 1% instances), AUX (7; 0% instances), INTJ (6; 0% instances), NUM (5; 0% instances), SYM (2; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

There are 44 PRON lemmas (0%), 590 PRON types (1%) and 10640 PRON tokens (7%). Out of 14 observed tags, the rank of PRON is: 11 in number of lemmas, 7 in number of types and 5 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PRON lemmas: se, hän, minä, joka, sinä, mikä, me, ne, tämä, he

The 10 most frequent PRON types: se, hän, minä, sen, sitä, mitä, joka, mä, ne, sinä

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: se (PRON 2322, DET 564, NOUN 2), hän (PRON 1465, DET 135), minä (PRON 1408, DET 84, NOUN 2), joka (PRON 735, DET 116), sinä (PRON 596, DET 42), mikä (PRON 569, DET 153), me (PRON 487, DET 74, X 1), ne (PRON 397, DET 148), tämä (DET 483, PRON 370), he (PRON 323, DET 47)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: se (PRON 884, DET 153), minä (PRON 284, DET 3), sen (PRON 279, DET 158, ADV 3), sitä (PRON 273, DET 72, ADV 23), mitä (PRON 217, ADV 20, DET 20), joka (PRON 271, DET 62), ne (PRON 162, DET 41), sinä (PRON 162, DET 11), siitä (PRON 174, DET 23, ADV 7), me (PRON 124, VERB 1, X 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PRON is 13.409091 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.041153).

The 1st highest number of forms (51) was observed with the lemma “minä”: Minähän, Minäkö, Minäpäs, Mullahan, Mäkin, m, m-, ma, mi, mie, miekii, minua, minulla, minullakin, minulle, minullekin, minulta, minultakin, minun, minunhan, minunkin, minussa, minussakin, minusta, minut, minuun, minä, minäki, minäkin, minäkä, minäkään, minäkös, minäpä, miul, miullaha, miäpäs, mua, mul, mull, mulla, mulle, mullekin, multa, mum, mun, must, musta, mut, mä, mää, määki.

The 2nd highest number of forms (48) was observed with the lemma “se”: Sepä, Sepäs, Siihenkö, Siitäkin, Siitäpä, Sitähän, Sitäkö, s, se, se-, sehän, sej, seki, sekin, sekään, sekö, sen, senhän, senkään, si, siihe, siihem, siihen, siihenkin, siin, siint, siinä, siinähä, siinäkin, siinäpä, siit, siitä, siitähän, siitäkään, siksi, sil, sille, sillä, silläkin, silt, siltä, sit, sitä, sitäkin, sitäkään, sitäkäänkö, so, s´.

The 3rd highest number of forms (43) was observed with the lemma “itse”: Iteki, ihtiisäj, ite, itse, itseemme, itseen, itseensä, itsekin, itsekään, itselle, itsellee, itselleen, itselleenkin, itsellekin, itselleni, itsellensä, itselläsikin, itsellään, itselläänkin, itseltään, itseni, itsenne, itsensä, itsensäkin, itsesi, itsestä, itsestämme, itsestäni, itsestänikään, itsestäsi, itsestään, itseä, itseämme, itseäni, itseänne, itseäsi, itseään, itte, itteeni, ittees, ittelläs, ittellää, ittenä.

PRON occurs with 9 features: fi-feat/Case (10637; 100% instances), fi-feat/Number (9930; 93% instances), fi-feat/PronType (9431; 89% instances), fi-feat/Person (4455; 42% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (311; 3% instances), fi-feat/Reflex (310; 3% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (274; 3% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (61; 1% instances), fi-feat/Degree (16; 0% instances)

PRON occurs with 42 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Han,Kin, Clitic=Han,Ko, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kaan,Ko, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Clitic=Ko,S, Clitic=Pa, Clitic=Pa,S, Clitic=S, Degree=Cmp, Degree=Sup, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, PronType=Dem, PronType=Int, PronType=Prs, PronType=Rcp, PronType=Rel, Reflex=Yes

PRON occurs with 316 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem (1289 tokens). Examples: se, tämä, tää, tuo, toi, s, se-, si, so, s´

Relations

PRON nodes are attached to their parents using 15 different relations: fi-dep/nsubj (5583; 52% instances), fi-dep/nmod (2102; 20% instances), fi-dep/dobj (1809; 17% instances), fi-dep/dep (561; 5% instances), fi-dep/conj (184; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (166; 2% instances), fi-dep/advmod (104; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl:compar (58; 1% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (25; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (25; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark:comparator (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PRON nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (8586; 81% instances), NOUN (847; 8% instances), ADJ (585; 5% instances), PRON (278; 3% instances), ROOT (166; 2% instances), PROPN (61; 1% instances), ADV (53; 0% instances), DET (21; 0% instances), NUM (18; 0% instances), SCONJ (16; 0% instances), X (5; 0% instances), INTJ (3; 0% instances), ADP (1; 0% instances)

8490 (80%) PRON nodes are leaves.

1642 (15%) PRON nodes have one child.

311 (3%) PRON nodes have two children.

197 (2%) PRON nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PRON node is 10.

Children of PRON nodes are attached using 21 different relations: fi-dep/punct (1106; 37% instances), fi-dep/case (392; 13% instances), fi-dep/nmod (284; 9% instances), fi-dep/advmod (258; 9% instances), fi-dep/cop (163; 5% instances), fi-dep/conj (127; 4% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (124; 4% instances), fi-dep/dep (99; 3% instances), fi-dep/det (90; 3% instances), fi-dep/acl (80; 3% instances), fi-dep/cc (78; 3% instances), fi-dep/mark (38; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl:compar (34; 1% instances), fi-dep/mark:comparator (34; 1% instances), fi-dep/amod (31; 1% instances), fi-dep/neg (25; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (17; 1% instances), fi-dep/nummod (11; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (9; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (3; 0% instances)

Children of PRON nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: PUNCT (1106; 37% instances), ADP (404; 13% instances), VERB (312; 10% instances), ADV (281; 9% instances), PRON (278; 9% instances), NOUN (259; 9% instances), DET (90; 3% instances), CONJ (81; 3% instances), SCONJ (75; 2% instances), PROPN (47; 2% instances), ADJ (43; 1% instances), NUM (16; 1% instances), INTJ (14; 0% instances), X (2; 0% instances)


PRON in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]