Mood: mood
| Values: | Imp | Ind | Sub |
Ruuli has three moods: the indicative, the subjunctive, and the imperative. The indicative is the default mood. Both the subjunctive and the imperative is most commonly used to express the situation as preferred. The distinction between the subjunctive and the imperative is conditioned morphosyntactically: the imperative occurs in directives to the second person singular addressee, the subjunctive occurs in directives to all other types of addressees and in subordinate environments.
Ind: indicative
The indicative mood is realized on finite verbs with the final vowel -a or the perfective suffix -ire and its allomorph -ere. It is used to express situations as true in the present, past, or future.
Examples
-
Bakola “They work.”
-
Baliire. “They ate.”
In addition, indicative morphology occurs in irrealis environments, such as conditional clauses.
- _Singa obba oserekere kusai… “If you had roofed well…”
Examples
Imp: imperative
The imperative mood is realized as the verb stem with the final vowel -a, without the subject marker. It marks directives to second person singular.
Examples
- Yaba “Go!”
Sub: subjunctive
The subjunctive is realized with the suffix -e. It is used to express situations that are preferable, e.g. desired or required. The Ruuli subjunctive also marks continuations of hypothetical situations and some other irrealis environments.
Examples
- Bakole “They should work.”
Mood in other languages: [ab] [akk] [arr] [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [ctn] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [ha] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [mdf] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [oge] [ota] [pcm] [ps] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ruc] [ru] [say] [sl] [sv] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [ug] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yrk]