Mood: mood
| Values: | Cnd | CndSub | Des | Imp | Ind | Nec | Opt | Prec | Proh | Sub |
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms.
Cnd: conditional
The conditional mood is used to express conditions, i.e. protasis, for actions of the main clause. This mood marker can be found in finite and non-finite forms alike, as well as followed by derivational suffixes.
Examples
- [myv] молиндерятано кинов, а ванови телевидениянь программась “if we go to the movies, we won’t see the t.v. program”
CndSub: conditional-conjunctive
The conditional-conjunctive is attested in the subordinate clause, and, depending on the language variant, its constituents may alternate in order.
Examples
- [myv] Паро улевель максовольтьдеряй моненьгак лишме. “It would be good if the were to give me a horse, too.”
Des: desiderative
The desiderative mood is used to express desired or potential actions that are not fulfilled.
Examples
- [myv] молексэлинек кинов “we would have gone to the movies (, but we didn’t go)”
- [myv] прыксэлинек “we almost fell over (, but we didn’t)”
Imp: imperative
The speaker uses the imperative to order or ask the addressee to perform the action of the verb, the subject is limited to the second person.
Examples
- [myv] паник каштомсо “bake it in the oven”
Ind: indicative
The indicative can be considered the default mood. A verb in the indicative merely states that something happens, has happened or will happen, without adding any attitude of the speaker.
Examples
- [myv] мон содан “I know”
Nec: necessative
The necessative mood is equated with the use of the -Ома non-finite occuring in the predicate position.
Examples
- [myv] Учан вана эйсэнзэ, не читнестэ самаль уш тензэ. “I’m waiting for him you see, he should be coming one of these days.”
Opt: optative
The optative is used for three persons in two numbers. It expresses a concessive attitude and at time resultative.
Examples
- [myv] ков илязат моле, сайть свал конёв мартот “where ever you don’t go, always take paper with you (where ever you go,…)”
Prec: precutive
The precutive mood is used to express requests instead of commands.
Examples
- [myv] сака тей “Could you come here”
Proh: prohibitive
The prohibitive mood is used to express prohibiting of an action vs the contrastive negation of an imperative.
Examples
- [myv] Илядо кавтолдо те сонсь Елеська. “don’t doubt it, that is Yeleska himself.”
Sub: conjunctive (subjunctive)
The conjunctive mood (also subjunctive) is attested in both the main clause and subordinate clauses. It is used to express actions that would have taken place under some circumstances but they actually did not / do not happen. The conjunctive is also used to express volition in both proclamations and questions
Examples
- [myv] молевлинек кинов “we would like to go to the movies”
Mood in other languages: [ab] [akk] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [mdf] [myv] [pcm] [ps] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [say] [sl] [sv] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [ug] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl]