Mood: mood
Mood is a feature that expresses modality and subclassifies finite verb forms. It allows for a speaker to express their attitude towards what they are saying.
Cnd: conditional mood
The conditional mood is used to express actions that are hypothetical. In Irish, the conditional is expressed in two different verb endings; these endings begin with the suffix -f- or -ó-. In all but the 3rd person singular and the 2nd person plural, the verb endings are synthetic and do not require a subject pronoun. Conditional clauses are often introduced using go or dá.
Examples
- Ólfadh sé “He would drink”
- Dá bhfeicfeá “If you saw”
- …go bhfeicfeadh sé “…that he would see”
Imp: imperative mood
The imperative mood is used to give a command, express advice, or make a request.
Examples
- Ná habair liom “Don’t tell me”
- Bígí ar ais anseo “Be back here”
- Clúdaigh an bia “Cover the food”
Ind: indicative mood
The indicative mood can be considered the default form of a verb. A verb in the indicative indicates something that has happened, is happening or will happen.
Examples
- Deirim “I say”
- Thug sé “He gave”
- Caithfidh mé “I will have to”
Int: interrogative mood
The interrogative mood is marked on copular question forms (nár, nach, ar, arbh, narbh etc)
Examples
- An fíor é “Is it true?”
- Nach in aghaidh easa atá sé ag snámh? “Isn’t he swimming against the tide/ fighting a losing battle?”
- Arbh é Seán a bhí ann? “Was it Sean who was there?”
Sub: subjunctive mood
In Irish, the subjunctive mood is used to express a wish or an uncertainty. It is normally formed with the particle go (positive) or nár (negative) followed by the verb in the subjunctive form. Sula ‘before’ is sometimes also used. The subjunctive is not widely used in Irish.
Examples
- Go n-imí an diabhal do bhóthar “May the devil be gone from your way”
- Go raibh maith agat “Thank you (lit. That you would have good)”
Mood in other languages: [ab] [akk] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [el] [eme] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gn] [gub] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [mdf] [myv] [pcm] [ps] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [say] [sl] [sv] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [ug] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl]