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case: case marking

The case relation for Greek is used for prepositions.

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« Κυριαρχήσαμε σε όλο το παιχνίδι » .
case(παιχνίδι, σε)
nmod(Κυριαρχήσαμε, παιχνίδι)
{
    "text": "« Κυριαρχήσαμε σε όλο το παιχνίδι » . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 1 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 2, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 15, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 36, 37 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

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Δε σταμάτησαν από την αρχή ως το τέλος
case(αρχή,  από)
case(τέλος, ως)
nmod(σταμάτησαν, αρχή)
nmod(σταμάτησαν, τέλος)
{
    "text": "Δε σταμάτησαν από την αρχή ως το τέλος ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 14, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 27, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 30, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 33, 38 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R4", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T8" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

A small list of postpositions in fixed expressions are labeled with case. TODO: An alternative analysis would be to label them using the mwe relation.

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λόγου χάριν
case(λόγου,  χάριν)
{
    "text": "λόγου χάριν ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 11 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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παραδείγματος χάριν
case(παραδείγματος,  χάριν)
{
    "text": "παραδείγματος χάριν ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 14, 19 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

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τιμής ένεκεν
case(τιμής,  ένεκεν)
{
    "text": "τιμής ένεκεν ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 12 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}

Certain adverbs may be followed by prepositions. We label these adverbs with the case relation and attach to them the prepositions with a [mwe] relation.

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ενάντια σε όλα τα εμπόδια
case(εμπόδια, ενάντια)
mwe(ενάντια, σε)
{
    "text": "ενάντια σε όλα τα εμπόδια ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T2", "token", [ [ 8, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T4", "token", [ [ 15, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 25 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-R2", "mwe", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ]
}

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ανεξάρτητα από τη θεματική περιοχή
case(περιοχή, ανεξάρτητα)
mwe(ανεξάρτητα, από)
{
    "text": "ανεξάρτητα από τη θεματική περιοχή ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T2", "token", [ [ 11, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T3", "token", [ [ 15, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T5", "token", [ [ 27, 34 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-R2", "mwe", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ]
}

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μαζί μ' εκείνους
case(εκείνους, μαζί)
mwe(μαζί, μ')
{
    "text": "μαζί μ' εκείνους ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-8-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 16 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-8-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-R2", "mwe", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "8" ]
}

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πίσω από τον Γιάννη
case(Γιάννη, πίσω)
mwe(πίσω, από)
{
    "text": "πίσω από τον Γιάννη ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-9-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 19 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-9-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-9-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-9-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-R2", "mwe", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-9-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-9-T2" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "9" ]
}

We use the case relation when these adverbs take a clitic in genitive as a complement.

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ανάμεσά τους
case(τους, ανάμεσά)
{
    "text": "ανάμεσά τους ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-10-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T2", "token", [ [ 8, 12 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-10-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-10-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-10-T1" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "10" ]
}

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δίπλα της
case(της, δίπλα)
{
    "text": "δίπλα της ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-11-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-11-R1", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-11-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-11-T1" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "11" ]
}

When prepositions are used as subordinate conjunctions to introduce clauses, they are labelled with the mark relation. See mark for more examples.

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Δεν συμμετείχα πριν τη συναντήσω .
advcl(συμμετείχα, συναντήσω)
mark(συναντήσω, πριν)
{
    "text": "Δεν συμμετείχα πριν τη συναντήσω . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-12-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T3", "token", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T4", "token", [ [ 20, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T5", "token", [ [ 23, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T6", "token", [ [ 33, 34 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-12-R1", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "12" ]
}

TODO

Add guidelines on tokenization of στ- preposition+article combinations.

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case in other languages: [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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