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PROPN: proper noun

A proper noun is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object.

Acronyms of proper nouns, such as EU and YK, should be tagged PROPN.

Examples

• [fi] Aapo, Anna (male/female first name)
• Turku (city name)
• EU, YK “EU, UN”

References

• http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=596 (in Finnish)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

There are 4332 PROPN lemmas (17%), 5548 PROPN types (11%) and 10997 PROPN tokens (6%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of PROPN is: 2 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PROPN lemmas: Eurooppa, Suomi, Turku, EU, Helsinki, Yhdysvallat, the, Venäjä, Mithridates, Kiina

The 10 most frequent PROPN types: euroopan, Turun, suomen, EU:n, Suomessa, the, Helsingin, Mithridates, Yhdysvaltain, Kiinan

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: Turku (PROPN 206, ADJ 2), Helsinki (PROPN 110, ADJ 2), Turkki (PROPN 23, ADJ 1), Japani (PROPN 21, ADJ 3), Tampere (PROPN 20, ADJ 1), Oulu (PROPN 19, ADJ 2), Tukholma (PROPN 19, ADJ 3), KTM (PROPN 17, NOUN 1), Iberia (PROPN 16, ADJ 2), Kappadokia (PROPN 13, ADJ 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: suomen (NOUN 6, PROPN 2), Ranskan (PROPN 21, NOUN 1), KTM (PROPN 12, NOUN 1), Te (PROPN 10, PRON 1), and (PROPN 10, X 3), in (PROPN 6, X 1), on (VERB 2269, AUX 1173, PROPN 4, ADV 1), a (NOUN 30, X 3, PROPN 1), Englannin (PROPN 7, ADJ 1), Kai (PROPN 7, ADV 4)

• suomen
  • NOUN 6: Mikael Agricolan patsaalla perehdytään suomen kirjakielen syntyyn .
  • PROPN 2: Tuohimaa on saavuttanut lyhyellä urallaan myös kaksi suomen mestaruutta .
• Ranskan
  • PROPN 21: Ranskan AAA uhattuna ?
  • NOUN 1: Ranskan tunnit on aina pidetty täällä .
• KTM
  • PROPN 12: KTM jaettiin kolmeen yhtiöön :
  • NOUN 1: Gradun olivat ohjanneet professori Markus Granlund ja KTM Ulla-Maija Lakka .
• Te
  • PROPN 10: Te Rauparaha ( ~ 1760 - 1849 ) oli Ngāti Toa maoriheimon johtaja .
  • PRON 1: Te saatte taputtaa , tai oikeastaan , me pyydämme , että te taputtaisitte !
• and
  • PROPN 10: Wilsonin sooloalbumi Love and Youth julkaistiin Ruotsissa 2005 .
  • X 3: Illan pääesiintyjä oli jouluna paluunsa ilmoittanut death and roll -yhtye Deuteronomium .
• in
  • PROPN 6: Nuoriso ylisti kiekkoleijonia laulamalla ruotsiksi Den glider in .
  • X 1: 2. Kirjoita viaksi “ I can’t find myself in search ”
• on
  • VERB 2269: Tähän ei voi sanoa muuta kuin , että : “ Jari on mun poikaystävä ! ”
  • AUX 1173: Jos tuloksia ei löydy , sinut on filtteröity Twitterin toimesta .
  • PROPN 4: Delta on the Road FysikerFest 2009
  • ADV 1: Hyvä on , liioittelen vähän : minulle riittäisi murto-osa kaikesta Chinaskin juomasta viinasta ; jos joisin yhtenäkin iltana yhtä paljon kuin hän , olisi vatsahuuhtelussa ja teholla alkoholimyrkytyksestä .
• a
  • NOUN 30: ” 3 a artikla
  • X 3: It’s a fact .
  • PROPN 1: Eilisellä yökyläreissulla katsoimme ystäväni kanssa aivan mahtavan animaation nimeltään Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs .
• Englannin
  • PROPN 7: Toisen kierroksen puhutuin ottelu käytiin kuitenkin Argentiinan ja Englannin välillä .
  • ADJ 1: Englannin - , ranskan- , saksan- , venäjän - ja espanjankielisistä kirjallisuuksista olemme ruotsalaisten tavoin erittäin kiinnostuneita .
• Kai
  • PROPN 7: Kai Mäkelä on mm. Alma Median ja Tallentumin omistaja .
  • ADV 4: Kai niillä oli jokin merkitys ekolokerossaan .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PROPN is 1.280702 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.036755).

The 1st highest number of forms (12) was observed with the lemma “Suomi”: SUOMI, Suomassa, Suomeen, Suomelle, Suomenkaan, Suomessa, Suomessakin, Suomesta, Suomi, Suomikin, suomea, suomen.

The 2nd highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “Eurooppa”: Euroopalle, Euroopan-, Euroopassa, Euroopasta, Eurooppa, Eurooppaa, Eurooppaan, Eurooppamme, euroopan.

The 3rd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “Kreikka”: Kreikalle, Kreikalta, Kreikan, Kreikassa, Kreikasta, Kreikka, Kreikkaa, Kreikkaan.

PROPN occurs with 9 features: fi-feat/Number (9550; 87% instances), fi-feat/Case (9548; 87% instances), fi-feat/Abbr (256; 2% instances), fi-feat/Typo (30; 0% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (22; 0% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (8; 0% instances), fi-feat/Style (6; 0% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (5; 0% instances), fi-feat/Degree (1; 0% instances)

PROPN occurs with 28 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Case=Abl, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Com, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Ins, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Degree=Pos, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, Style=Coll, Typo=Yes

PROPN occurs with 65 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing (4098 tokens). Examples: Mithridates, Eurooppa, Kaijasilta, Mårten, Pekka, Suomi, Simonides, Theron, Juho, Turku

Relations

PROPN nodes are attached to their parents using 23 different relations: fi-dep/nmod:poss (2619; 24% instances), fi-dep/name (2283; 21% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1884; 17% instances), fi-dep/nmod (1622; 15% instances), fi-dep/conj (901; 8% instances), fi-dep/appos (447; 4% instances), fi-dep/dobj (324; 3% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (294; 3% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (195; 2% instances), fi-dep/root (166; 2% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (87; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (50; 0% instances), fi-dep/remnant (36; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (22; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (22; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (18; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/xcomp:ds (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PROPN nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: NOUN (3747; 34% instances), VERB (3406; 31% instances), PROPN (3363; 31% instances), ADJ (203; 2% instances), ROOT (166; 2% instances), ADV (35; 0% instances), PRON (32; 0% instances), NUM (22; 0% instances), X (10; 0% instances), PUNCT (5; 0% instances), ADP (4; 0% instances), SYM (3; 0% instances), CONJ (1; 0% instances)

7591 (69%) PROPN nodes are leaves.

1468 (13%) PROPN nodes have one child.

1064 (10%) PROPN nodes have two children.

874 (8%) PROPN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PROPN node is 41.

Children of PROPN nodes are attached using 27 different relations: fi-dep/name (2402; 32% instances), fi-dep/punct (1030; 14% instances), fi-dep/conj (941; 12% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (679; 9% instances), fi-dep/cc (596; 8% instances), fi-dep/case (279; 4% instances), fi-dep/nmod (243; 3% instances), fi-dep/advmod (240; 3% instances), fi-dep/appos (206; 3% instances), fi-dep/acl (171; 2% instances), fi-dep/amod (167; 2% instances), fi-dep/nmod:poss (149; 2% instances), fi-dep/acl:relcl (106; 1% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (81; 1% instances), fi-dep/cop (80; 1% instances), fi-dep/parataxis (43; 1% instances), fi-dep/remnant (35; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (33; 0% instances), fi-dep/det (29; 0% instances), fi-dep/mark (17; 0% instances), fi-dep/cc:preconj (16; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/dobj (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/neg (4; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/vocative (3; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances)

Children of PROPN nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: PROPN (3363; 44% instances), NOUN (1110; 15% instances), PUNCT (1061; 14% instances), CONJ (601; 8% instances), VERB (388; 5% instances), ADP (274; 4% instances), ADV (250; 3% instances), ADJ (246; 3% instances), NUM (145; 2% instances), PRON (57; 1% instances), SYM (26; 0% instances), X (24; 0% instances), SCONJ (18; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

There are 3120 PROPN lemmas (14%), 4106 PROPN types (9%) and 6773 PROPN tokens (4%). Out of 16 observed tags, the rank of PROPN is: 2 in number of lemmas, 4 in number of types and 7 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent PROPN lemmas: suomi, helsinki, tampere, ruotsi, eurooppa, maija, mikko, venäjä, ranska, anna

The 10 most frequent PROPN types: Suomen, suomessa, Suomi, Helsingin, Maija, Mikko, Euroopan, Anna, Helsingissä, Suomeen

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: suomi (PROPN 337, NOUN 26), ruotsi (PROPN 61, NOUN 4), venäjä (PROPN 39, NOUN 2), ranska (PROPN 36, NOUN 12), saksa (PROPN 27, NOUN 9), turku (PROPN 24, NOUN 1), englanti (PROPN 16, NOUN 9), norja (PROPN 16, ADJ 1), viro (PROPN 16, NOUN 1), jussi (PROPN 14, NOUN 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: Suomen (PROPN 131, NOUN 2), Anna (PROPN 28, VERB 10), New (PROPN 8, X 1), Lahden (PROPN 5, NOUN 1), Sanomien (PROPN 4, NOUN 3), Alan (PROPN 2, NOUN 1), Hirvi (PROPN 2, NOUN 1), Huurre (PROPN 2, NOUN 1), Johan (PART 3, PROPN 2), Maan (PROPN 2, NOUN 1)

• Suomen
  • PROPN 131: ketkä kaksi Suomen presidenttiä
  • NOUN 2: Suomen kielen laitos Lehtonen
• Anna
  • PROPN 28: Anna ja Mikko ovat parhaat kaverukset
  • VERB 10: Anna minä yritän
• New
  • PROPN 8: Lontoo on Tokion ja New Yorkin aikavyöhykkeiden välissä .
  • X 1: Nykyisin hän lentää aina muutaman viikon väliajoin Bostonista Tokioon kahdeksi viikoksi johtamaan nuorta New Japan Philharmonic Orchestraa ja lisäksi johtaa aika ajoin Euroopassa .
• Lahden
  • PROPN 5: Lahden olympiahankkeen edustajat käyvät tänään Samaranchin juttusilla
  • NOUN 1: Lahden alapuolisella jokiosuudella
• Sanomien
  • PROPN 4: Hämäläinen sanoo lauantain Helsingin Sanomien haastattelussa , että –
  • NOUN 3: Sanomien päätuote , Helsingin Sanomat
• Alan
  • PROPN 2: Uusseelantilaisen Alan Duffin romaanin filmatisointi hajoavasta maoriperheestä Aucklandin slummeissa
  • NOUN 1: Alan kannattavuus on heikko kaikissa EU:n jäsenmaissa .
• Hirvi
  • PROPN 2: Sen vuoksi kutsuttakoon häntä nimellä Hirvi .
  • NOUN 1: Hirvi kun ei valitettavasti lue liikennemerkkejä .
• Huurre
  • PROPN 2: Minä jo vähän ihmettelin tiistaina kun Huurre ei avannut liikettään , Nurminen sanoi .
  • NOUN 1: Huurre asetteli sormenpäitään yhteen harkiten , ikään kuin olisi rakentanut monimutkaista palapeliä .
• Johan
  • PART 3: Johan nyt jotakin .
  • PROPN 2: Johan se on taktisestikin aivan typerää että ne ovat siellä täällä .
• Maan
  • PROPN 2: Planeettojen kaasukehässä on happea Maan lisäksi vain Marsilla ja Venuksella .
  • NOUN 1: Maan paras kuulantyöntäjätär halajaa olympiakisoihin .

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of PROPN is 1.316026 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.044212).

The 1st highest number of forms (14) was observed with the lemma “suomi”: Suomea, Suomeen, Suomella, Suomelle, Suomen, Suomenkin, Suomessakin, Suomessako, Suomesta, Suomestakin, Suomet, Suomi, Suomikin, suomessa.

The 2nd highest number of forms (9) was observed with the lemma “ruotsi”: Ruatsin, Ruatsis, Ruotsi, Ruotsia, Ruotsiin, Ruotsilla, Ruotsin, Ruotsissa, Ruotsista.

The 3rd highest number of forms (8) was observed with the lemma “tampere”: Tampere, Tampereella, Tampereelle, Tampereelta, Tampereen, Tampereeseen, Tampereesta, Tamperetta.

PROPN occurs with 7 features: fi-feat/Case (6773; 100% instances), fi-feat/Number (6773; 100% instances), fi-feat/Abbr (201; 3% instances), fi-feat/Clitic (57; 1% instances), fi-feat/Style (34; 1% instances), fi-feat/Person[psor] (10; 0% instances), fi-feat/Number[psor] (5; 0% instances)

PROPN occurs with 25 feature-value pairs: Abbr=Yes, Case=Abl, Case=Ade, Case=All, Case=Ela, Case=Ess, Case=Gen, Case=Ill, Case=Ine, Case=Nom, Case=Par, Case=Tra, Clitic=Han, Clitic=Kaan, Clitic=Kin, Clitic=Ko, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3, Style=Arch, Style=Coll

PROPN occurs with 78 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing (2987 tokens). Examples: Suomi, Maija, Mikko, Anna, Lasse, Pekka, matti, Antti, Halonen, Lipponen

Relations

PROPN nodes are attached to their parents using 21 different relations: fi-dep/nmod (3066; 45% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (1627; 24% instances), fi-dep/name (772; 11% instances), fi-dep/conj (404; 6% instances), fi-dep/dobj (309; 5% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (241; 4% instances), fi-dep/root (161; 2% instances), fi-dep/vocative (64; 1% instances), fi-dep/nmod:own (44; 1% instances), fi-dep/advcl (43; 1% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (12; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gsubj (8; 0% instances), fi-dep/nmod:gobj (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/nummod (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/acl (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/amod (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/appos (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/foreign (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/goeswith (1; 0% instances)

Parents of PROPN nodes belong to 11 different parts of speech: VERB (3151; 47% instances), NOUN (1879; 28% instances), PROPN (1265; 19% instances), ADJ (213; 3% instances), ROOT (161; 2% instances), PRON (49; 1% instances), ADV (34; 1% instances), X (9; 0% instances), DET (7; 0% instances), NUM (3; 0% instances), INTJ (2; 0% instances)

4400 (65%) PROPN nodes are leaves.

1353 (20%) PROPN nodes have one child.

637 (9%) PROPN nodes have two children.

383 (6%) PROPN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a PROPN node is 10.

Children of PROPN nodes are attached using 25 different relations: fi-dep/punct (943; 23% instances), fi-dep/name (809; 20% instances), fi-dep/conj (449; 11% instances), fi-dep/cc (333; 8% instances), fi-dep/compound:nn (271; 7% instances), fi-dep/nmod (260; 6% instances), fi-dep/case (227; 6% instances), fi-dep/advmod (147; 4% instances), fi-dep/amod (143; 4% instances), fi-dep/acl (136; 3% instances), fi-dep/det (88; 2% instances), fi-dep/mark (71; 2% instances), fi-dep/cop (62; 2% instances), fi-dep/nsubj:cop (53; 1% instances), fi-dep/dep (23; 1% instances), fi-dep/nummod (20; 0% instances), fi-dep/aux (6; 0% instances), fi-dep/neg (5; 0% instances), fi-dep/nsubj (2; 0% instances), fi-dep/advcl (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/ccomp (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/csubj:cop (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/discourse (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/foreign (1; 0% instances), fi-dep/reparandum (1; 0% instances)

Children of PROPN nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: PROPN (1265; 31% instances), PUNCT (943; 23% instances), NOUN (476; 12% instances), CONJ (334; 8% instances), ADP (227; 6% instances), VERB (215; 5% instances), ADJ (151; 4% instances), PART (95; 2% instances), DET (89; 2% instances), ADV (84; 2% instances), PRON (66; 2% instances), SCONJ (50; 1% instances), NUM (32; 1% instances), X (19; 0% instances), SYM (7; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

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PROPN in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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