aux

This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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`aux`: auxiliary

In UD Finnish, only a closed list of verbs can act as auxiliaries, including the main modal verbs (see ISK §1562) and in addition the verbs olla “to be” and aikoa “to be going to”.

The full list of auxiliaries is as follows:

täytyä “must”
pitää “have to”
tarvita “need”
joutua “have to”
voida “be able to, can”
saattaa “may”
taitaa “be+probably, may”
mahtaa “be+probably, may”
olla “be”
aikoa “be going to”

Examples



  
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Hän saattoi lähteä jo . \n He may(impf.) leave already .
nsubj(lähteä-3, Hän-1)
aux(lähteä-3, saattoi-2)
advmod(lähteä-3, jo-4)
punct(lähteä-3, .-5)
{
    "text": "Hän saattoi lähteä jo . \n He may(impf.) leave already . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 26, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 29, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 40, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 46, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 54, 55 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

References

http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=1562 (in Finnish)

Diffs

In FinnTreeBank (FI_FTB), a wide list of verbs which are modal or otherwise abstract by nature have been counted among the auxiliaries. Also a limited set of verbal compound constructions has been annotated using the relation aux. See the full lists in FTB Annotation Manual: 16.2 Auxiliary verb.

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

This relation is universal.

2899 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as aux.

2883 instances of aux (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.54398068299414.

The following 9 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: VERB-AUX (2690; 93% instances), ADJ-AUX (92; 3% instances), NOUN-AUX (77; 3% instances), ADV-AUX (26; 1% instances), PRON-AUX (7; 0% instances), NUM-AUX (4; 0% instances), ADP-AUX (1; 0% instances), AUX-AUX (1; 0% instances), X-AUX (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 1 aux	color:blue
1	Pitäisi	pitää	AUX	V	Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	aux	_	_
2	kyllä	kyllä	ADV	Adv	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	kotonakin	kotona	ADV	Adv	Clitic=Kin	4	advmod	_	_
4	väsäillä	väsäillä	VERB	V	InfForm=1|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
5	smoothieita	smoothie	NOUN	N	Case=Par|Number=Plur	4	dobj	_	_
6	useammin	usein	ADV	Adv	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	4	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AUX", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "ADV", [ [ 8, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "ADV", [ [ 14, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 24, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 33, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "ADV", [ [ 45, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "PUNCT", [ [ 54, 55 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Cnd" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Clitic", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Kin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "InfForm", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "1" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T4", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Par" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A13", "Degree", "embedded-2-S1-T6", "Cmp" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: pitää" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kyllä" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kotona" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: väsäillä" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: smoothie" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: usein" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "Pitäisi kyllä kotonakin väsäillä smoothieita useammin .",
    "error": false
}



  
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# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 3 aux	color:blue
1	Luovan	luova	NOUN	N	Case=Gen|Number=Sing	2	amod	_	_
2	tilanteen	tilanne	NOUN	N	Case=Gen|Number=Sing	5	nsubj:cop	_	_
3	on	olla	AUX	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	5	aux	_	_
4	oltava	olla	VERB	V	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|PartForm=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	cop	_	_
5	hauska	hauska	ADJ	A	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	5	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 7, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AUX", [ [ 17, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 20, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 27, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "PUNCT", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A3", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Gen" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A5", "Mood", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A7", "Person", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "3" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A12", "Degree", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A14", "PartForm", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Part" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A16", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Pass" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A17", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A18", "Degree", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: luova" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tilanne" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: hauska" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Luovan tilanteen on oltava hauska .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 5 aux	color:blue
1	Halvimmat	halpa	ADJ	A	Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Number=Plur	9	nsubj:cop	_	_
2	mitä	mikä	PRON	Pron	Case=Par|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel	4	dobj	_	_
3	olen	olla	AUX	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	aux	_	_
4	nähnyt	nähdä	VERB	V	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|PartForm=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	1	acl:relcl	_	_
5	ovat	olla	AUX	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	9	aux	_	_
6	olleet	olla	VERB	V	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Plur|PartForm=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	9	cop	_	_
7	yli	yli	ADV	Adv	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	400	400	NUM	Num	NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	euroa	euro	NOUN	N	Case=Par|Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	9	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "ADJ", [ [ 0, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AUX", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 20, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AUX", [ [ 27, 31 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 32, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "ADV", [ [ 39, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "NUM", [ [ 43, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "NOUN", [ [ 47, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 53, 54 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A2", "Degree", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Sup" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A4", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Par" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A6", "PronType", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Rel" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A7", "Mood", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A8", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A9", "Person", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "1" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A10", "Tense", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A11", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A12", "Voice", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A13", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A14", "Degree", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A16", "PartForm", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Past" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A17", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Part" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A18", "Voice", "embedded-4-S1-T4", "Act" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A19", "Mood", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A20", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A21", "Person", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "3" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A22", "Tense", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A23", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A24", "Voice", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "Act" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A25", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A26", "Degree", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A27", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A28", "PartForm", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Past" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A29", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Part" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A30", "Voice", "embedded-4-S1-T6", "Act" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A31", "NumType", "embedded-4-S1-T8", "Card" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A32", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T9", "Par" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A33", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T9", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "acl:relcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R5", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R6", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R7", "nummod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R8", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T10" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: halpa" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: mikä" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: nähdä" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: yli" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: 400" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Num" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: euro" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T9", "embedded-4-S1-T5", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Halvimmat mitä olen nähnyt ovat olleet yli 400 euroa .",
    "error": false
}

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

This relation is universal.

4693 nodes (3%) are attached to their parents as aux.

4638 instances of aux (99%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 1.56658853611762.

The following 10 pairs of parts of speech are connected with aux: VERB-VERB (4408; 94% instances), ADJ-VERB (150; 3% instances), NOUN-VERB (114; 2% instances), PRON-VERB (9; 0% instances), PROPN-VERB (6; 0% instances), X-VERB (2; 0% instances), NUM-VERB (1; 0% instances), PUNCT-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-NOUN (1; 0% instances), X-X (1; 0% instances).



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 2 aux	color:blue
1	ei	ei	VERB	V,Neg,Act,Sg3	Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	neg	_	_
2	voi	voida	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,ConNeg	Connegative=Yes|Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	aux	_	_
3	ajatellakhaa	ajatella	VERB	V,Act,InfA,Lat,Kaan	Case=Lat|Clitic=Kaan|InfForm=1|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
4	varhmaan	varmaan	PART	Pcle	Style=Coll	3	advmod	_	_
5	että	että	SCONJ	Pcle,CS	_	9	mark	_	_
6	ne	ne	PRON	Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj:cop	_	_
7	ikinä	ikinä	ADV	Adv	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	olis	olla	VERB	V,Act,Cond,Sg3	Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	9	cop	_	_
9	vakinaisia	vakinainen	ADJ	A,Pl,Par	Case=Par|Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	9	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 20, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 29, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "PRON", [ [ 34, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "ADV", [ [ 37, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 43, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "ADJ", [ [ 48, 58 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 59, 60 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-A1", "Negative", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Neg" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A4", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A5", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A6", "Connegative", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Yes" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A7", "Mood", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Lat" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A12", "Clitic", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Kaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A13", "InfForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "1" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A14", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A16", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A17", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A18", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A20", "PronType", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A21", "Mood", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Cnd" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A22", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A23", "Person", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A24", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A25", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A26", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A27", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Par" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A28", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R6", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R7", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R8", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ei" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Neg,Act,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: voida" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,ConNeg" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ajatella" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,InfA,Lat,Kaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: varmaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pcle" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: että" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pcle,CS" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ne" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ikinä" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Cond,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: vakinainen" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A,Pl,Par" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pun" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "ei voi ajatellakhaa varhmaan että ne ikinä olis vakinaisia .",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 2 aux	color:blue
1	Se	se	PRON	Pron,Dem,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj:cop	_	_
2	on	olla	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	aux	_	_
3	tullunna	tulla	VERB	V,Act,PcpNut,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PartForm=Past|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	4	cop	_	_
4	harmmoopäeseks	harmaapäinen	ADJ	A,Sg,Tra	Case=Tra|Number=Sing|Style=Coll	0	root	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 6, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "ADJ", [ [ 15, 29 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A3", "PronType", "embedded-6-S1-T1", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A4", "Mood", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A6", "Person", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "3" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A7", "Tense", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A8", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A9", "Voice", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Act" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A10", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A12", "PartForm", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Past" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A13", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A14", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Part" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A15", "Voice", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A16", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Tra" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A17", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A18", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Coll" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R0", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R3", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: se" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Dem,Sg,Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tulla" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,PcpNut,Sg,Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: harmaapäinen" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A,Sg,Tra" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ],
    "text": "Se on tullunna harmmoopäeseks",
    "error": false
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 2 aux	color:blue
1	Hänestä	hän	PRON	Pron,Pers,Sg3,Ela	Case=Ela|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
2	voi	voida	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	aux	_	_
3	tulla	tulla	VERB	V,Act,InfA,Lat	Case=Lat|InfForm=1|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	4	cop	_	_
4	sensaatio	sensaatio	NOUN	N,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	4	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 8, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 12, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "NOUN", [ [ 18, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "PUNCT", [ [ 28, 29 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "Ela" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A4", "PronType", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "Prs" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A5", "Mood", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A7", "Person", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "3" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Act" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T3", "Lat" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A12", "InfForm", "embedded-7-S1-T3", "1" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A13", "VerbForm", "embedded-7-S1-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A14", "Voice", "embedded-7-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A15", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T4", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A16", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T4", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R0", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R3", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R4", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: hän" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Pers,Sg3,Ela" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: voida" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tulla" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,InfA,Lat" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: sensaatio" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N,Sg,Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pun" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "aux" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ],
    "text": "Hänestä voi tulla sensaatio .",
    "error": false
}

aux in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]