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ccomp: clausal complement

Clausal complement is an object like clausal dependent. The governor is most commonly, although not always, the main verb or predicative of the main clause, and the dependent is the main verb or predicative of the dependent clause. The clausal complement can also modify a word other than a verb, most often a noun or pronoun. Most commonly clausal complements are että-clauses.

If the subject of the clausal complement is controlled (that is, must be the same as the higher subject or object, with no other possible interpretation) the appropriate relation is either xcomp or xcomp:ds.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Sanoin hänelle , että vesi kiehuu . \n I_said to_him , that water boils .
nmod(Sanoin-1, hänelle-2)
ccomp(Sanoin-1, kiehuu-6)
punct(kiehuu-6, ,-3)
mark(kiehuu-6, että-4)
nsubj(kiehuu-6, vesi-5)
punct(Sanoin-1, .-7)
{
    "text": "Sanoin hänelle , että vesi kiehuu . \n I_said to_him , that water boils . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 7, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 15, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 17, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 27, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 38, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 45, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 52, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 54, 58 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 59, 64 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T14", "token", [ [ 65, 70 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T15", "token", [ [ 71, 72 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R5", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R6", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
Se , että naapurin koira haukkui kovasti , suututti äitiä . \n It , that neighbor's dog barked loudly , made_angry mother .
ccomp(Se-1, haukkui-6)
punct(haukkui-6, ,-2)
punct(haukkui-6, ,-8)
mark(haukkui-6, että-3)
nmod:poss(koira-5, naapurin-4)
nsubj(haukkui-6, koira-5)
advmod(haukkui-6, kovasti-7)
nsubj(suututti-9, Se-1)
dobj(suututti-9, äitiä-10)
punct(suututti-9, .-11)
{
    "text": "Se , että naapurin koira haukkui kovasti , suututti äitiä . \n It , that neighbor's dog barked loudly , made_angry mother . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 5, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 19, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 41, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 43, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 52, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 58, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T13", "token", [ [ 62, 64 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T14", "token", [ [ 65, 66 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T15", "token", [ [ 67, 71 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T16", "token", [ [ 72, 82 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T17", "token", [ [ 83, 86 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T18", "token", [ [ 87, 93 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T19", "token", [ [ 94, 100 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T20", "token", [ [ 101, 102 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T21", "token", [ [ 103, 113 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T22", "token", [ [ 114, 120 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T23", "token", [ [ 121, 122 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R5", "nmod:poss", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R6", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R7", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R8", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R9", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R10", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

Diffs

In FinnTreeBank (FI_FTB), if a clausal complement modifies a word other than a verb, the reason is most likely a verb-derived noun (eg. ei käy kieltäminen, etteikö olisi mennyt(ccomp) “no denying that ∅ wouldn’t have gone”). Clauses modifying regular nouns get marked as acl: semmonen kampaus et se kestää(ccomp) lit. “the kind of hairstyle that it lasts” (according to Universal dependency relations: acl).

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

This relation is universal.

1782 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.

1781 instances of ccomp (100%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 5.47979797979798.

The following 30 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: VERB-VERB (904; 51% instances), PRON-VERB (299; 17% instances), VERB-ADJ (106; 6% instances), NOUN-VERB (95; 5% instances), ADV-VERB (84; 5% instances), VERB-NOUN (82; 5% instances), ADJ-VERB (53; 3% instances), VERB-ADV (31; 2% instances), VERB-PRON (30; 2% instances), PRON-ADJ (21; 1% instances), NOUN-ADJ (14; 1% instances), PRON-NOUN (12; 1% instances), NOUN-NOUN (11; 1% instances), ADV-ADJ (8; 0% instances), PRON-ADV (5; 0% instances), PRON-PRON (5; 0% instances), ADJ-NOUN (3; 0% instances), ADJ-PRON (3; 0% instances), NOUN-ADV (3; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (3; 0% instances), ADJ-ADJ (1; 0% instances), ADJ-AUX (1; 0% instances), ADV-ADV (1; 0% instances), ADV-INTJ (1; 0% instances), NOUN-NUM (1; 0% instances), PRON-INTJ (1; 0% instances), VERB-AUX (1; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (1; 0% instances), VERB-PROPN (1; 0% instances), VERB-X (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 7 ccomp	color:blue
1	Kuinka	kuinka	ADV	Adv	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	sitten	sitten	ADV	Adv	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	tiedät	tietää	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	Punct	_	7	punct	_	_
5	onko	olla	AUX	V	Clitic=Ko|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	7	auxpass	_	_
6	sinut	sinä	PRON	Pron	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	dobj	_	_
7	bannattu	bannata	VERB	V	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|PartForm=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	Punct	_	3	punct	_	_

# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 7 ccomp	color:blue
1	Syytä	syy	NOUN	N	Case=Par|Number=Sing	10	dobj	_	_
2	sille	se	PRON	Pron	Case=All|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	Punct	_	7	punct	_	_
4	miksi	miksi	ADV	Adv	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	minut	minä	PRON	Pron	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	dobj	_	_
6	oli	olla	AUX	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	7	auxpass	_	_
7	suodatettu	suodattaa	VERB	V	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|PartForm=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	Punct	_	7	punct	_	_
9	en	ei	VERB	V	Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	10	neg	_	_
10	tiedä	tietää	VERB	V	Connegative=Yes|Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	10	punct	_	_

# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 5 ccomp	color:blue
1	Lönnberg	Lönnberg	PROPN	N	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sanoi	sanoa	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
3	aiheen	aihe	NOUN	N	Case=Gen|Number=Sing	5	nsubj:cop	_	_
4	olevan	olla	VERB	V	Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing|PartForm=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act	5	cop	_	_
5	tärkeä	tärkeä	ADJ	A	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	_
6	Turun	Turku	PROPN	N	Case=Gen|Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	yliopistolle	yli#opisto	NOUN	N	Case=All|Number=Sing	5	nmod	6:name	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	2	punct	_	_

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

This relation is universal.

1788 nodes (1%) are attached to their parents as ccomp.

1517 instances of ccomp (85%) are left-to-right (parent precedes child). Average distance between parent and child is 4.64485458612975.

The following 12 pairs of parts of speech are connected with ccomp: VERB-VERB (1532; 86% instances), VERB-ADJ (114; 6% instances), VERB-NOUN (103; 6% instances), VERB-PRON (24; 1% instances), NOUN-VERB (5; 0% instances), VERB-X (3; 0% instances), VERB-PROPN (2; 0% instances), NOUN-ADJ (1; 0% instances), PROPN-VERB (1; 0% instances), VERB-ADV (1; 0% instances), VERB-INTJ (1; 0% instances), VERB-NUM (1; 0% instances).

# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 5 ccomp	color:blue
1	Aku	aku	PROPN	N,Prop,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	meni	mennä	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Past,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
3	katsomaan	katsoa	VERB	V,Act,InfMa,Ill	Case=Ill|InfForm=3|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	2	xcomp	_	Alt=xcomp
4	ketä	kuka	PRON	Pron,Interr,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Int|Style=Coll	5	nsubj	_	_
5	piti	pitää	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Past,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	ccomp	_	_
6	ääntä	ääni	NOUN	N,Sg,Par	Case=Par|Number=Sing	5	dobj	_	_

# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 9 ccomp	color:blue
1	ei	ei	VERB	V,Neg,Act,Sg3	Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	neg	_	_
2	voi	voida	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,ConNeg	Connegative=Yes|Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	aux	_	_
3	ajatellakhaa	ajatella	VERB	V,Act,InfA,Lat,Kaan	Case=Lat|Clitic=Kaan|InfForm=1|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
4	varhmaan	varmaan	PART	Pcle	Style=Coll	3	advmod	_	_
5	että	että	SCONJ	Pcle,CS	_	9	mark	_	_
6	ne	ne	PRON	Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj:cop	_	_
7	ikinä	ikinä	ADV	Adv	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	olis	olla	VERB	V,Act,Cond,Sg3	Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	9	cop	_	_
9	vakinaisia	vakinainen	ADJ	A,Pl,Par	Case=Par|Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	9	punct	_	_

# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 10	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 10	fgColor:white
# visual-style 10 4 ccomp	color:blue
1	Se	se	PRON	Pron,Dem,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	Alt=7_expl|Missed-Rel=phrm
2	on	olla	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	cop	_	_
3	oma	oma	ADJ	A,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	4	amod	_	_
4	vika	vika	NOUN	N,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	10	ccomp	_	_
5	jos	jos	SCONJ	Pcle,CS	_	7	mark	_	_
6	on	olla	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	7	cop	_	_
7	yksinäinen	yksinäinen	ADJ	A,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	4	csubj:cop	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	Pun	_	7	punct	_	_
9	hän	hän	PRON	Pron,Pers,Sg3,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	sanoo	sanoa	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	10	punct	_	_

---

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