This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.

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cop: copula

Copular clauses receive a special treatment in the SD scheme. The predicative acts as the head word of the clause, and the copular verb depends on it using a cop (copula) dependency. The only copular verb in Finnish is olla “be” (see ISK §891).

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Huivi oli punainen . \n The_scarf was red .
nsubj:cop(punainen-3, Huivi-1)
cop(punainen-3, oli-2)
punct(punainen-3, .-4)
{
    "text": "Huivi oli punainen . \n The_scarf was red . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 23, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 37, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 41, 42 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

References

• http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=891 (in Finnish)

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

This relation is universal.

3279 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as cop.

3093 instances of cop (94%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.23970722781336.

The following 10 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: ADJ-VERB (1337; 41% instances), NOUN-VERB (1301; 40% instances), ADV-VERB (243; 7% instances), PRON-VERB (132; 4% instances), VERB-VERB (107; 3% instances), PROPN-VERB (80; 2% instances), NUM-VERB (56; 2% instances), SYM-VERB (15; 0% instances), ADP-VERB (4; 0% instances), X-VERB (4; 0% instances).

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# visual-style 1	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 1 cop	color:blue
1	On	olla	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	cop	_	_
2	kyllä	kyllä	ADV	Adv	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	kiva	kiva	ADJ	A	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	Punct	_	7	punct	_	_
5	kun	kun	SCONJ	C	_	7	mark	_	_
6	tuolla	tuolla	ADV	Adv	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	sai	saada	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	csubj:cop	_	_
8	hipelöidä	hipelöidä	VERB	V	InfForm=1|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	7	xcomp	_	_
9	kaikkea	kaikki	PRON	Pron	Case=Par|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:)	:)	SYM	Symb	_	3	discourse	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "ADV", [ [ 3, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "ADJ", [ [ 9, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "PUNCT", [ [ 14, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 16, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "ADV", [ [ 20, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "VERB", [ [ 27, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 31, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "PRON", [ [ 41, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 49, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "SYM", [ [ 51, 53 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-A1", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A4", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A5", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A6", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A7", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A8", "Degree", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A9", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A10", "Mood", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A12", "Person", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "3" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A13", "Tense", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Past" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A14", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A15", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A16", "InfForm", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "1" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A17", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A18", "VerbForm", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A19", "Voice", "embedded-2-S1-T8", "Act" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A20", "Case", "embedded-2-S1-T9", "Par" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A21", "Number", "embedded-2-S1-T9", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-A22", "PronType", "embedded-2-S1-T9", "Ind" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "csubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R7", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R8", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R10", "discourse", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kyllä" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kiva" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ," ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kun" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tuolla" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: saada" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: hipelöidä" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: kaikki" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: :)" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T11", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Symb" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "embedded-2-S1-T1", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "On kyllä kiva , kun tuolla sai hipelöidä kaikkea . :)",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 4 cop	color:blue
1	Bagelit	bagel	NOUN	N	Case=Nom|Number=Plur	6	nsubj:cop	_	_
2	ja	ja	CONJ	C	_	1	cc	_	_
3	smoothiet	smoothie	NOUN	N	Case=Nom|Number=Plur	1	conj	6:nsubj:cop	_
4	olivat	olla	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	6	cop	_	_
5	ihana	ihana	ADJ	A	Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Number=Sing	6	amod	_	_
6	tapa	tapa	NOUN	N	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	aloittaa	aloittaa	VERB	V	InfForm=1|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	6	acl	_	_
8	aamu	aamu	NOUN	N	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	7	dobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	6	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "CONJ", [ [ 8, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "NOUN", [ [ 11, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 21, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADJ", [ [ 28, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 34, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "VERB", [ [ 39, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "NOUN", [ [ 48, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "PUNCT", [ [ 53, 54 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T1", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A3", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A5", "Mood", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A7", "Person", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "3" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Past" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "Act" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A12", "Degree", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Pos" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A14", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A15", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A16", "InfForm", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "1" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A17", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A18", "VerbForm", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A19", "Voice", "embedded-3-S1-T7", "Act" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A20", "Case", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-A21", "Number", "embedded-3-S1-T8", "Sing" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "cc", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "conj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R6", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R7", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R8", "dobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: bagel" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ja" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: C" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: smoothie" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ihana" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: tapa" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: aloittaa" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: aamu" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "embedded-3-S1-T4", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Bagelit ja smoothiet olivat ihana tapa aloittaa aamu .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 3 cop	color:blue
1	Yhdeksänkin	yhdeksän	NUM	Num	Case=Nom|Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	pinniä	pinni	NOUN	N	Case=Par|Number=Sing	4	nsubj:cop	_	_
3	on	olla	VERB	V	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	4	cop	_	_
4	paljon	paljon	ADV	Adv	_	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	Punct	_	4	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "NUM", [ [ 0, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "NOUN", [ [ 12, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 22, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "PUNCT", [ [ 29, 30 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A2", "Clitic", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Kin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A3", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A4", "NumType", "embedded-4-S1-T1", "Card" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A5", "Case", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Par" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A6", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A7", "Mood", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A8", "Number", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A9", "Person", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "3" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A10", "Tense", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A11", "VerbForm", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-A12", "Voice", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "Act" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R0", "nummod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R1", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R3", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-S1-R4", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-S1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: yhdeksän" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Num" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: pinni" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: paljon" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: SpaceAfter=No" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Punct" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-4-S1-T4", "embedded-4-S1-T3", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ],
    "text": "Yhdeksänkin pinniä on paljon .",
    "error": false
}

---

Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

This relation is universal.

3789 nodes (2%) are attached to their parents as cop.

3473 instances of cop (92%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent). Average distance between parent and child is 2.0765373449459.

The following 11 pairs of parts of speech are connected with cop: ADJ-VERB (1875; 49% instances), NOUN-VERB (1462; 39% instances), VERB-VERB (170; 4% instances), PRON-VERB (166; 4% instances), PROPN-VERB (62; 2% instances), NUM-VERB (34; 1% instances), X-VERB (7; 0% instances), ADV-VERB (4; 0% instances), INTJ-VERB (4; 0% instances), PART-VERB (3; 0% instances), NOUN-NOUN (2; 0% instances).

edit

  

    
input
    
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# visual-style 8	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 8	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 9	fgColor:white
# visual-style 9 8 cop	color:blue
1	ei	ei	VERB	V,Neg,Act,Sg3	Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	neg	_	_
2	voi	voida	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,ConNeg	Connegative=Yes|Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	3	aux	_	_
3	ajatellakhaa	ajatella	VERB	V,Act,InfA,Lat,Kaan	Case=Lat|Clitic=Kaan|InfForm=1|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act	0	root	_	_
4	varhmaan	varmaan	PART	Pcle	Style=Coll	3	advmod	_	_
5	että	että	SCONJ	Pcle,CS	_	9	mark	_	_
6	ne	ne	PRON	Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	9	nsubj:cop	_	_
7	ikinä	ikinä	ADV	Adv	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	olis	olla	VERB	V,Act,Cond,Sg3	Mood=Cnd|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	9	cop	_	_
9	vakinaisia	vakinainen	ADJ	A,Pl,Par	Case=Par|Number=Plur	3	ccomp	_	_
10	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	9	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "PART", [ [ 20, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "SCONJ", [ [ 29, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "PRON", [ [ 34, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "ADV", [ [ 37, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 43, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "ADJ", [ [ 48, 58 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "PUNCT", [ [ 59, 60 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-A1", "Negative", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Neg" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A3", "Person", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A4", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A5", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T1", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A6", "Connegative", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Yes" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A7", "Mood", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T2", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Lat" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A12", "Clitic", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Kaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A13", "InfForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "1" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A14", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A16", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A17", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T4", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A18", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A19", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A20", "PronType", "embedded-5-S1-T6", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A21", "Mood", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Cnd" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A22", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A23", "Person", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A24", "Style", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A25", "VerbForm", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A26", "Voice", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "Act" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A27", "Case", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Par" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-A28", "Number", "embedded-5-S1-T9", "Plur" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R0", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R1", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R4", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R5", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R6", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R7", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R8", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-S1-R9", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-S1-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-S1-T10" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ei" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Neg,Act,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: voida" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,ConNeg" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ajatella" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,InfA,Lat,Kaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: varmaan" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pcle" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: että" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pcle,CS" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ne" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ikinä" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Cond,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: vakinainen" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A,Pl,Par" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T10", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pun" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T8", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-5-S1-T9", "embedded-5-S1-T8", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ],
    "text": "ei voi ajatellakhaa varhmaan että ne ikinä olis vakinaisia .",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 3 cop	color:blue
1	noo	noo	INTJ	Pcle,Interj	_	6	discourse	_	Alt=6_discourse
2	ne	ne	PRON	Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj:cop	_	_
3	o	olla	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	6	cop	_	_
4	jottais	jokin	DET	Pron,Qnt,Sg,Par	Case=Par|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind|Style=Coll	6	det	_	_
5	semssi	semmoinen	DET	A,Dem,Pl,Par	Case=Par|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem|Style=Coll	6	amod	_	Alt=DET
6	sukulaissi	sukulainen	NOUN	N,Pl,Par	Case=Par|Number=Plur|Style=Coll	0	root	_	_
7	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	6	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "INTJ", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "PRON", [ [ 4, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "DET", [ [ 9, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "DET", [ [ 17, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 24, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-T7", "PUNCT", [ [ 35, 36 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A3", "PronType", "embedded-6-S1-T2", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A4", "Mood", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A5", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A6", "Person", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "3" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A7", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A8", "Tense", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A9", "VerbForm", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A10", "Voice", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "Act" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A11", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A12", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A13", "PronType", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A14", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T4", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A15", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A16", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A17", "PronType", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A18", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T5", "Coll" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A19", "Case", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A20", "Number", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Plur" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-A21", "Style", "embedded-6-S1-T6", "Coll" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R0", "discourse", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R1", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R2", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R3", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R4", "amod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R5", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-S1-R6", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-S1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: noo" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pcle,Interj" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: Alt=6_discourse" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ne" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Dem,Pl,Nom" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: jokin" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pron,Qnt,Sg,Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: semmoinen" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: A,Dem,Pl,Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Misc: Alt=DET" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: sukulainen" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N,Pl,Par" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pun" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-6-S1-T6", "embedded-6-S1-T3", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ],
    "text": "noo ne o jottais semssi sukulaissi .",
    "error": false
}

edit

  

    
input
    
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# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 2 cop	color:blue
1	Sipuli	sipuli	NOUN	N,Sg,Nom	Case=Nom|Number=Sing	6	nsubj:cop	_	_
2	on	olla	VERB	V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act	6	cop	_	_
3	täällä	täällä	ADV	Adv,Dem	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
4	aina	aina	ADV	Adv	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	voissa	voi	NOUN	N,Sg,Ine	Case=Ine|Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
6	paistettua	paistaa	VERB	V,Pass,PcpNut,Sg,Par	Case=Par|Number=Sing|PartForm=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	.	.	PUNCT	Pun	_	6	punct	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "NOUN", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 7, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "ADV", [ [ 10, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "ADV", [ [ 17, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 22, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 29, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "PUNCT", [ [ 40, 41 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-A1", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A2", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T1", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A3", "Mood", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Ind" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A4", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A5", "Person", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "3" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A6", "Tense", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Pres" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A7", "VerbForm", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Fin" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A8", "Voice", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "Act" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A9", "PronType", "embedded-7-S1-T3", "Dem" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A10", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Ine" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A11", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T5", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A12", "Case", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Par" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A13", "Number", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Sing" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A14", "PartForm", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Past" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A15", "VerbForm", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Part" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-A16", "Voice", "embedded-7-S1-T6", "Pass" ] ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R0", "nsubj:cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R1", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R2", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R3", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R4", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R5", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-S1-R6", "punct", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-S1-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: sipuli" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N,Sg,Nom" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: olla" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Act,Ind,Pres,Sg3" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: täällä" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv,Dem" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: aina" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Adv" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: voi" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: N,Sg,Ine" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: paistaa" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: V,Pass,PcpNut,Sg,Par" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: ." ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: Pun" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ [ "embedded-7-S1-T6", "embedded-7-S1-T2", "cop" ], "color", "blue" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ],
    "text": "Sipuli on täällä aina voissa paistettua .",
    "error": false
}

---

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