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appos: appositional modifier

An appositional modifier serves to identify its head in a different way. This relation is usually established between noun phrases.

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Am plecat cu Alexandru , vărul meu . \n Have-I left with Alexandru , cousin-the my .
appos(Alexandru, vărul)
{
    "text": "Am plecat cu Alexandru , vărul meu . \n Have-I left with Alexandru , cousin-the my . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 23, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 31, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 35, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 39, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 46, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 51, 55 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 56, 65 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T14", "token", [ [ 66, 67 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T15", "token", [ [ 68, 78 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T16", "token", [ [ 79, 81 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T17", "token", [ [ 82, 83 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "appos", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

However, other parts of speech and even clauses can also be involved in the relation:

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Gustul fructului era ciudat , adică dulce-amărui . \n  . Taste-the fruit-the-of was strange , that_is sweet-bitter .
appos(ciudat, dulce-amărui)
{
    "text": "Gustul fructului era ciudat , adică dulce-amărui . \n . Taste-the fruit-the-of was strange , that_is sweet-bitter . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 7, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 21, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 28, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 30, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 36, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 49, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 53, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 55, 64 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 65, 77 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T13", "token", [ [ 78, 81 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T14", "token", [ [ 82, 89 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T15", "token", [ [ 90, 91 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T16", "token", [ [ 92, 99 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T17", "token", [ [ 100, 112 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T18", "token", [ [ 113, 114 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "appos", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

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Ne-am întâlnit aici , unde am stabilit . \n Us-have met here , where have-we established .
appos(aici, stabilit)
{
    "text": "Ne-am întâlnit aici , unde am stabilit . \n Us-have met here , where have-we established . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 20, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 27, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 30, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 39, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 43, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 51, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T12", "token", [ [ 55, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T13", "token", [ [ 60, 61 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T14", "token", [ [ 62, 67 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T15", "token", [ [ 68, 75 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T16", "token", [ [ 76, 87 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T17", "token", [ [ 88, 89 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "appos", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

The apposition can be introduced by an adverb (e.g. ‘adică’, ‘anume’, ‘respectiv’, ‘alias’, etc.), which is analysed as a ‘mark’ for the apposotion:

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A reușind muncind , adică asudând . \n Has succeeded working , that_is sweating .
appos(muncind, asudând)
mark(asudând, adică)
{
    "text": "A reușind muncind , adică asudând . \n Has succeeded working , that_is sweating . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 1 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 2, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 20, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 26, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 34, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T9", "token", [ [ 38, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T10", "token", [ [ 42, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T11", "token", [ [ 52, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T12", "token", [ [ 60, 61 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T13", "token", [ [ 62, 69 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T14", "token", [ [ 70, 78 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T15", "token", [ [ 79, 80 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "appos", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

It includes parenthesized examples, as well as defining abbreviations in one of these structures.

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Venerabilul ( adică eu ) merge diseară la întrunire . \n Honorable-the ( that_is I ) goes tonight at meeting.
appos(Venerabilul, eu)
{
    "text": "Venerabilul ( adică eu ) merge diseară la întrunire . \n Honorable-the ( that_is I ) goes tonight at meeting. ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "token", [ [ 12, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T3", "token", [ [ 14, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T4", "token", [ [ 20, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T5", "token", [ [ 23, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T7", "token", [ [ 31, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T8", "token", [ [ 39, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T9", "token", [ [ 42, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T10", "token", [ [ 52, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T12", "token", [ [ 56, 69 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T13", "token", [ [ 70, 71 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T14", "token", [ [ 72, 79 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T15", "token", [ [ 80, 81 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T16", "token", [ [ 82, 83 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T17", "token", [ [ 84, 88 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T18", "token", [ [ 89, 96 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T19", "token", [ [ 97, 99 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T20", "token", [ [ 100, 108 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "appos", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}

Banca Comercială Română ( BCR ) \n Bank-the Commercial Romanian ( BCR )
appos(Banca, BCR)

‘appos’ is also used to link key-value pairs in addresses, signatures, etc.:

Ana Ionescu , Str Rozelor , tel : 0245.756.547 , email : ana@yahoo.com
name(Ana, Ionescu)
list(Ana, Str)
appos(Str, Rozelor)
list(Ana, tel)
appos(tel, 0245.756.547)
list(Ana, email)
appos(email, ana@yahoo.com)

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appos in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ka] [kk] [no] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [tt] [u] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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