PRON: pronoun
Definition
Pronouns are words that substitute for nouns or noun phrases, whose meaning is recoverable from the linguistic or extralinguistic context. Some pronouns – in particular certain demonstrative, total, indefinite, and interrogatives pronouns – may also function as determiners (DET) and are tagged as such when functioning as a modifier of a noun.
Examples
- Personal pronouns
- 我 / wǒ “I”, 你 / nǐ “you”, 妳 / nǐ “you (f.)”, 您 / nín “you (polite)”, 他 / tā “he”, 她 / tā “she”, “怹” / tán “he/she (polite)”, 祂 / tā “he (the God)”, 牠 / tā “it (other animals)”, 它 / tā “it(non-animate)”, 之 / zhī “it”, 我們 / wǒmen “we”, 你們 / nǐmen “you (pl.)”, 妳們 / nǐmen “you (f.pl.)”, 您們 / nínmen “you (pl. polite)”, 他們 / tāmen “they”, 她們 / tāmen “they (f.)”, 牠們 / tāmen “they (other animals)”, 它們 / tāmen “they (non-animate)”, 人家 / rénjiā “others, other (people); he/she/it/they”
- Reciprocal and reflexive pronouns
- 彼此 / bǐcǐ “each other”, 自身 / zìshēn “self”, 己身 / jǐshēn “self”, 自己 / zìjǐ “self”, 我自己 / wǒzìjǐ “myself”, 你自己 / nǐzìjǐ “yourself”, 她們自己 / tāmenzìjǐ “themselves (f.)”, etc
- Demonstrative pronouns
- 這 / zhè “this”, 這些 / zhèxiē “these”, 此 / cǐ “this”, 那 / nà “that”, 那些 / nàxiē “those”
- Total pronouns
- 全部 / quánbù “all”, 一切 / yīqiè “everything”, 所有 / suǒyǒu “all”, 大家 / dàjiā “everybody”, 大伙兒 / _dàhuǒr “everybody”
- Indefinite pronouns
- 任何 / rènhé “any”, 有的 / yǒude “some”, 有些 / yǒuxiē “some”, 很多 / duō “many”, 很少 / shǎo “few”, 許多 / xǔduō “many”, 若干 / ruògān “few”, 大部分 / dàbùfèn “the majority”, / 大量 dàliàng “a large quantity”, 不少 / bùshǎo “not few”, 多數 / duōshù “most”, 另外 / lìngwài “other(s)” (also ADV), 其他 / qítā “other(s)”
- Locational pronouns
- 這裡 / zhèlǐ “here”, 那裡 / nàlǐ “there”
- Manner pronouns
- 這樣(子) / zhèyàng(zi) “thus, this way, like this” (also ADV), 那樣(子) / nàyàng(zi) “that way, like that”
- Interrogative pronouns - 誰 / shéi “who”, 什麼 / shénme “what”, 多少 / duōshǎo “how many”, 哪裡 / nǎlǐ “where”, 哪樣 ／ nǎyàng “which kind/type/way”, 何樣 / héyàng “what kind/type/way”, 怎樣 / zěnyàng “how” (also ADV)
- Other
- X + 方: 對方 / duìfāng “the other party”, 雙方 / shuāngfāng “both parties”, 己方 / jǐfāng “one’s own side/party”, 一方 / yīfāng “one party”, 三方 / sānfāng “all three parties”, etc.
- X + 者: 前者 / qiánzhě “the former”, 後者 / hòuzhě “the latter”, 二者 / èrzhě “the two”, 三者 / sānzhě “the three”, etc.
- 其餘 / qíyú “the rest”
PRON in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [de] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [nci] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sla] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]