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This page pertains to UD version 2.

fixed: fixed multi-word expression

The multi-word expression (modifier) relation is one of the three relations (compound, fixed, flat) for compounding. It is used for certain fixed grammaticized expressions that behave like function words or short adverbials.

The scope of fixed annotation corresponds roughly to the fixed expressions category of Sag et al., but excludes any relations in scope of flat or compound. Additionally, limited morphosyntactic variation may be allowed for MWEs in exceptional cases.

Multiword expressions are annotated in a flat, head-initial structure, in which all words in the expression modify the first one using the fixed label.


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