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fixed: multi-word expression

The fixed multi-word expression relation is one of the relations for compounding and it is intended mostly for function words. In Czech it is used for multi-word prepositions. The leftmost word is the head and all the other words are attached as its fixed modifiers.

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
Na rozdíl od tebe já se nemám zač stydět . \n In contrast to you I myself have-not of-what to-be-ashamed .
fixed(Na, rozdíl)
fixed(Na, od)
case(tebe, Na)
fixed(In, contrast)
fixed(In, to)
case(you, In)
{
    "text": "Na rozdíl od tebe já se nemám zač stydět . \n In contrast to you I myself have-not of-what to-be-ashamed . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 21, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 24, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "token", [ [ 30, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 34, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 41, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 45, 47 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 48, 56 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T14", "token", [ [ 57, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T15", "token", [ [ 60, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T16", "token", [ [ 64, 65 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T17", "token", [ [ 66, 72 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T18", "token", [ [ 73, 81 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T19", "token", [ [ 82, 89 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T20", "token", [ [ 90, 103 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T21", "token", [ [ 104, 105 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T12" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T13" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R5", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T12" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T14" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R6", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T15" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

Multi-word prepositions usually form a contiguous span of the sentence. In exceptional cases however, they can be interrupted by emphasizers and other words:

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
ve srovnání například s úvěry \n in comparison for-example to loans
fixed(ve, srovnání)
fixed(ve, s)
case(úvěry, ve)
advmod:emph(úvěry, například)
fixed(in, comparison)
fixed(in, to)
case(loans, in)
advmod:emph(loans, for-example)
{
    "text": "ve srovnání například s úvěry \n in comparison for-example to loans ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 22, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 24, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 32, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 35, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 46, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 58, 60 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 61, 66 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R4", "advmod:emph", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R5", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R6", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R7", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R8", "advmod:emph", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T9" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

Another type of interruption is caused by a possessive determiner. For instance, na základě něčeho “based on something” contains the multi-word preposition na základě “based on”, lit. on the-basis-of. This expression is etymologically a combination of a proper preposition na “on” and the noun základ “basis”; the argument něčeho “something” is in genitive. If the phrase na základě were not analyzed as a multi-word expression, we would have a normal genitive modification between two nominals: základ něčeho “basis of-something”. A genitive modifier can be substituted by a possessive determiner, and this is possible even within the partially frozen multi-word preposition, as with the relative possessive determiner in the following example:

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
zákon , na jehož základě byl zřízen fond \n law , on whose basis was created fund
nmod(zřízen, jehož)
nmod(created, whose)
case(jehož, na)
case(whose, on)
fixed(na, základě)
fixed(on, basis)
{
    "text": "zákon , na jehož základě byl zřízen fond \n law , on whose basis was created fund ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 8, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 11, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 17, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 25, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 29, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T8", "token", [ [ 36, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 43, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 47, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T12", "token", [ [ 49, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T13", "token", [ [ 52, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T14", "token", [ [ 58, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T15", "token", [ [ 64, 67 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T16", "token", [ [ 68, 75 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T17", "token", [ [ 76, 80 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "nmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T16" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T13" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R3", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R4", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T13" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T12" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R5", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R6", "fixed", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T12" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T14" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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fixed in other languages: [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [eu] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [gsw] [hy] [id] [it] [ja] [ka] [ky] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [u] [xcl]

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