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ccomp: clausal complement

Some verbs (e.g. of feeling or mental perception, or communicating) take clausal complements, which generally go after the verb in unmarked position. Nominal objects, on the other hand, are generally pre-verbal.

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input
    
brat
    
info
  
ਉਹ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੁੜੀ ਉੱਥੇ ਗਈ \n He knows is that girl there went
ccomp(ਜਾਣਦਾ, ਗਈ)
ccomp(knows, went)
nsubj(ਜਾਣਦਾ, ਉਹ)
nsubj(knows, He)
mark(ਗਈ, ਕਿ)
mark(went, that)
{
    "text": "ਉਹ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੁੜੀ ਉੱਥੇ ਗਈ \n He knows is that girl there went ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 8 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "token", [ [ 9, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 15, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 20, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 25, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 30, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 33, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 39, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 42, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T13", "token", [ [ 47, 51 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T14", "token", [ [ 52, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T15", "token", [ [ 58, 62 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T15" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R4", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R5", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R6", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T15" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T12" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}

Clausal complements to the copula

When a clause is a predicative complement and the main verb is a copula, we analyse it like a non-copular verb.

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info
  
ਮੇਰਾ ਖ਼ਿਆਲ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ \n my thought is that he will.go
nsubj(ਹੈ, ਖ਼ਿਆਲ)
nsubj(is, thought)
ccomp(ਹੈ, ਜਾਵੇਗਾ)
ccomp(is, will.go)
mark(ਜਾਵੇਗਾ, ਕਿ)
mark(will.go, that)
{
    "text": "ਮੇਰਾ ਖ਼ਿਆਲ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ \n my thought is that he will.go ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "token", [ [ 19, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T8", "token", [ [ 28, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T9", "token", [ [ 31, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T10", "token", [ [ 39, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T11", "token", [ [ 42, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T12", "token", [ [ 47, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T13", "token", [ [ 50, 57 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R4", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T10" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T13" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R5", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R6", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T13" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T11" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}

But sometime the clause may be subordinate to a pronoun like ਇਹ ih “this”, in which case we do treat it like a normal copula.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
ਮੇਰਾ ਖ਼ਿਆਲ ਇਹ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ \n my thought this is that he will.go
nsubj(ਇਹ, ਖ਼ਿਆਲ)
nsubj(this, thought)
cop(ਇਹ, ਹੈ)
cop(this, is)
acl(ਇਹ, ਜਾਵੇਗਾ)
acl(this, will.go)
mark(ਜਾਵੇਗਾ, ਕਿ)
mark(will.go, that)
{
    "text": "ਮੇਰਾ ਖ਼ਿਆਲ ਇਹ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਉਹ ਜਾਵੇਗਾ \n my thought this is that he will.go ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 5, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "token", [ [ 13, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 22, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T9", "token", [ [ 31, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T10", "token", [ [ 34, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T11", "token", [ [ 42, 46 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T12", "token", [ [ 47, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T13", "token", [ [ 50, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T14", "token", [ [ 55, 57 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T15", "token", [ [ 58, 65 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T10" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R3", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R4", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T12" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R5", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R6", "acl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T11" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T15" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R7", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T7" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R8", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T15" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T13" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}

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ccomp in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [ml] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [uz] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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