ccomp

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`ccomp`: clausal complement

A clausal complement (ccomp) of a verb or a verbal predicate is a dependent clause which is a core argument. In a clausal complement the subject is not determined by obligatory control, either because the clause has its own overt subject or because the subject is arbitrary or determined anaphorically. Such clausal complements can have the following structures:

finite clausal complement of verbal head



  
    input
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Le ha detto/VERB che il rapimento era avvenuto/VERB a scopo di furto
ccomp(detto, avvenuto)
nsubj(avvenuto, rapimento)
mark(avvenuto, che)
{
    "text": "Le ha detto che il rapimento era avvenuto a scopo di furto ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 6, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T4", "token", [ [ 12, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T5", "token", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T6", "token", [ [ 19, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T7", "token", [ [ 29, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T8", "VERB", [ [ 33, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T9", "token", [ [ 42, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T10", "token", [ [ 44, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T11", "token", [ [ 50, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-T12", "token", [ [ 53, 58 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-R3", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Non so se/VERB qualche agenzia organizza/VERB viaggi
ccomp(so, organizza)
nsubj(organizza, agenzia)
mark(organizza, se)
{
    "text": "Non so se qualche agenzia organizza viaggi ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T4", "token", [ [ 10, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T5", "token", [ [ 18, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T6", "VERB", [ [ 26, 35 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-T7", "token", [ [ 36, 42 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-R3", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
zio Adelio avrebbe preferito/VERB studiassero/VERB in Italia
ccomp(preferito, studiassero)
aux(preferito, avrebbe)
nsubj(preferito, zio)
{
    "text": "zio Adelio avrebbe preferito studiassero in Italia ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T2", "token", [ [ 4, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T4", "VERB", [ [ 19, 28 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T5", "VERB", [ [ 29, 40 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T6", "token", [ [ 41, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-T7", "token", [ [ 44, 50 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R2", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-T1" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Dimmi/VERB dove si trova/VERB la compagnia DuPont .
ccomp(Dimmi, trova)
nsubj(trova, compagnia)
{
    "text": "Dimmi dove si trova la compagnia DuPont . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-4-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T4", "VERB", [ [ 14, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T5", "token", [ [ 20, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T6", "token", [ [ 23, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 39 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-T8", "token", [ [ 40, 41 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-4-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-4-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-4-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-4-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "4" ]
}

finite clausal complement of adjectival head (as part of a verbal predicate)



  
    input
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era sicuro/ADJ che non ci fossero/VERB pericoli
ccomp(sicuro, fossero)
mark(fossero, che)
nsubj(fossero, pericoli)
{
    "text": "era sicuro che non ci fossero pericoli ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-5-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T2", "ADJ", [ [ 4, 10 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T3", "token", [ [ 11, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T4", "token", [ [ 15, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T5", "token", [ [ 19, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T6", "VERB", [ [ 22, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-T7", "token", [ [ 30, 38 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-5-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-5-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-5-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-5-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "5" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Sono convinto/ADJ che la storia di Moretti sia segnata/VERB da le sue origini romane .
ccomp(convinto, segnata)
aux:pass(segnata, sia)
nsubj:pass(segnata, storia)
{
    "text": "Sono convinto che la storia di Moretti sia segnata da le sue origini romane . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-6-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 4 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T2", "ADJ", [ [ 5, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T3", "token", [ [ 14, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T4", "token", [ [ 18, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T5", "token", [ [ 21, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T6", "token", [ [ 28, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T7", "token", [ [ 31, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T8", "token", [ [ 39, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T9", "VERB", [ [ 43, 50 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T10", "token", [ [ 51, 53 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T11", "token", [ [ 54, 56 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T12", "token", [ [ 57, 60 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T13", "token", [ [ 61, 68 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T14", "token", [ [ 69, 75 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-T15", "token", [ [ 76, 77 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-6-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T9" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-R2", "aux:pass", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-6-R3", "nsubj:pass", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-6-T9" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-6-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "6" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Certo che possiedo delle prove .
ccomp(Certo, possiedo)
{
    "text": "Certo che possiedo delle prove . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-7-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T2", "token", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T3", "token", [ [ 10, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T5", "token", [ [ 25, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-7-T6", "token", [ [ 31, 32 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-7-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-7-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-7-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "7" ]
}

infinite clausal complement of verbal head



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
bisogna/VERB avviare/VERB[VerbForm=Inf] un dialogo
ccomp(bisogna, avviare)
obj(avviare, dialogo)
{
    "text": "bisogna avviare un dialogo ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-8-T1", "VERB", [ [ 0, 7 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-T2", "VERB", [ [ 8, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-T3", "token", [ [ 16, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 26 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-8-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-T1" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-8-R2", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-8-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-8-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-8-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-8-T2", "Inf" ] ],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "8" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
si fa/VERB per dire/VERB[VerbForm=Inf]
ccomp(fa, dire)
mark(dire, per)
{
    "text": "si fa per dire ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-9-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T2", "VERB", [ [ 3, 5 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T3", "token", [ [ 6, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-T4", "VERB", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-9-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-9-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-9-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-9-R2", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-9-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-9-T3" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-9-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-9-T4", "Inf" ] ],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "9" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
Mi fecero pagare/VERB[VerbForm=Inf] per liberare/VERB[VerbForm=Inf] due ostaggi .
ccomp(fecero, pagare)
iobj(fecero, Mi)
advcl(pagare, liberare)
{
    "text": "Mi fecero pagare per liberare due ostaggi . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-10-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T3", "VERB", [ [ 10, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T4", "token", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T5", "VERB", [ [ 21, 29 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T6", "token", [ [ 30, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T7", "token", [ [ 34, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-T8", "token", [ [ 42, 43 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-10-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-10-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-10-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-R2", "iobj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-10-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-10-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-10-R3", "advcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-10-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-10-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-10-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-10-T3", "Inf" ], [ "embedded-10-A2", "VerbForm", "embedded-10-T5", "Inf" ] ],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "10" ]
}

infinite clausal complement of essere. In this case, the copula is treated as a head



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
il problema allora non è domandar/VERB[VerbForm=Inf] si
ccomp(è, domandar)
expl(domandar, si)
neg(è, non)
{
    "text": "il problema allora non è domandar si ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-11-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 11 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T3", "token", [ [ 12, 18 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T4", "token", [ [ 19, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T5", "token", [ [ 23, 24 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T6", "VERB", [ [ 25, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-T7", "token", [ [ 34, 36 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-11-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-11-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-11-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-R2", "expl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-11-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-11-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-11-R3", "neg", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-11-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-11-T4" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-11-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-11-T6", "Inf" ] ],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "11" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
La differenza è che Tudjman ha sempre giocato/VERB di rimessa .
nsubj(è, differenza)
ccomp(è, giocato)
nsubj(giocato, Tudjman)
aux(giocato, ha)
{
    "text": "La differenza è che Tudjman ha sempre giocato di rimessa . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-12-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T3", "token", [ [ 14, 15 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T4", "token", [ [ 16, 19 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T5", "token", [ [ 20, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T6", "token", [ [ 28, 30 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T7", "token", [ [ 31, 37 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T8", "VERB", [ [ 38, 45 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T9", "token", [ [ 46, 48 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T10", "token", [ [ 49, 56 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-T11", "token", [ [ 57, 58 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-12-R1", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-R2", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T8" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-12-R4", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-12-T8" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-12-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "12" ]
}



  
    input
    brat
    info
  
C' era sempre Franca a risolvere/VERB[VerbForm=Inf] i problemi .
ccomp(era, risolvere)
nsubj(era, Franca)
mark(risolvere, a)
{
    "text": "C' era sempre Franca a risolvere i problemi . ",
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-13-T1", "token", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T2", "token", [ [ 3, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T3", "token", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T4", "token", [ [ 14, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T5", "token", [ [ 21, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T6", "VERB", [ [ 23, 32 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T7", "token", [ [ 33, 34 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T8", "token", [ [ 35, 43 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-T9", "token", [ [ 44, 45 ] ] ]
    ],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-13-R1", "ccomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-13-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-13-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-R2", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-13-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-13-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-13-R3", "mark", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-13-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-13-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [ [ "embedded-13-A1", "VerbForm", "embedded-13-T6", "Inf" ] ],
    "error": false,
    "sentlabels": [ "13" ]
}

NB Note that if the subject of the clausal complement is controlled (that is, it is the same as the higher subject, object or indirect object, with no other possible interpretation) the appropriate relation is xcomp.

ccomp in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [ml] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [uz] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

ccomp: clausal complement

`ccomp`: clausal complement