ExtPos: external part of speech
| Values: | ADJ | ADP | ADV | CCONJ | DET | INTJ | PRON | PROPN | SCONJ | PART |
This feature differs significantly from all other features: it describes neither the lexical category, nor the inflectional paradigm slot of the token it appears on. Rather than to the individual token, it pertains to a multiword expression and indicates the part of speech that the expression would get if it were analyzed as a single word. ExtPos is annotated at the head node of the multiword expression. The possible values are taken from the defined UPOS tags and no other values are allowed (not even at the language-specific level). The main motivation for ExtPos is that the multiword expression may behave like a part of speech different from the UPOS of the head node; however, ExtPos is sometimes used even if it is identical to the UPOS of the head node. Also, it is not strictly necessary that the expression is multiword – if one of the words of the expression is omitted by mistake, or if a single word has been coerced into a part of speech different from its lexical one, ExtPos may be used to signal it.
ExtPos is strongly recommended for fixed functional multiword expressions (the head node has one or more children attached via the fixed relation). These should normally lead to ExtPos values ADP, ADV, AUX, CCONJ, DET, PRON, SCONJ (the fixed relation should not be used for compounds that work like content words). However, ExtPos is occasionally useful in other situations, too: for example, when a multiword expression acts as a proper noun (although its parts behave like other words) or as an interjection.
ADJ: adjective-like expression
Examples
- շատ մը/šat më (a multiword adjective paraphrasable as “a lot of”, lit. “many some”; here the first node is the technical head and it is an adjective itself, so UPOS =
ExtPos)
ADP: adposition-like expression
Multiword adpositions are often grammaticalized prepositional phrases.
Examples
- ի տարբերութիւն/i tarberowtʼiwn “as opposed to” (here the first node is the technical head and it is a preposition itself, so UPOS =
ExtPos) - նախ քան/nax kʼan “before” (նախ/nax = ADV)
ADV: adverb-like expression
Examples
- առ նուազն/aṙ nowazn (a multiword adverb paraphrasable as “at least”; the first node առ/aṙ is ADP)
CCONJ: coordinating conjunction-like expression
Examples
- ինչպէս նաեւ/inčpēs naew “as well” (_ինչպէս/inčpēs = ADV)
DET: determiner-like expression
Examples
- ոչ մի/oč mi “not any” (ոչ = PART)
PRON: pronoun-like expression
Examples
- ամէն ինչ/amēn inč (a multiword determiner paraphrasable as “everything”, ամէն/amēn = DET)
PROPN: proper noun-like expression
Examples
- Camilla՚s Garden (Camilla = X)
SCONJ: subordinator-like expression
Examples
- այնպէս որ/aynpēs or “so, so that” (այնպէս/aynpēs = ADV)
PART: particle-like expression
Examples
- դժուար թէ/džowar tʼē (a multiword particle paraphrasable as “hardly”; դժուար/džowar = ADJ)
INTJ: interjection-like expression
Examples
- ափսոս որ/apʼsos vor (a multiword interjection paraphrasable as “it’s a pity that”; ափսոս/apʼsos = INTJ)
ExtPos in other languages: [af] [axm] [bej] [de] [el] [en] [fr] [gd] [ha] [ht] [hy] [hyw] [it] [koi] [ltg] [lv] [mt] [naq] [nmf] [oge] [orv] [pcm] [pl] [pt] [ru] [say] [u] [uk] [xcl]