PART: particle
Definition
Particles are function words that must be associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning and that do not satisfy definitions of other universal parts of speech (e.g. adpositions, coordinating conjunctions, subordinating conjunctions or auxiliary verbs). Particles may encode grammatical categories such as negation, mood, tense etc. Particles are not inflected. The only exception are mood particles and ոչ as independent negation particle, inflect for Polarity.
Note that particles like այո “yes”, ոչ, չէ “no”, անշուշտ “sure”, etc. as response words (as feedback particles) are considered as interjections under the UD standard.
Examples
- Affirmativ particle: անպատճառ, իհարկե, հարկավ
- Concession particle: ինչևէ, այնուամենայնիվ
- Demonstration particle: ահա, ահավասիկ
- Dubitation particle: ասես, գուցե, կարծես, հավանաբար
- Emphatic particle: ախար, մանավանդ, հատկապես
- Limitation particle: գեթ, լոկ, միայն
- Negation particle: ոչ, չէ, բնավ, ամենևին
- Wish particle: երանի, երնեկ
- Volition particle: ապա, դե, թող
- Mood particle: (չ)պիտի, (չ)պետք է
PART in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [ess] [et] [fi] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kpv] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]