acl: clausal modifier of noun
acl is used for finite and non-finite clauses that modify a noun.
In the Scottish Gaelic treebank relative clauses have the relation acl:relcl.
acl is used specifically for nouns that represent some sort of psychological state: knowing, hoping and so on.
They are usually attached non-projectively.
Examples
beachd ‘opinion’
Thathas de ‘n bheachd gur h-e th’ anns na Basgaich iarmad de ‘n t-sluagh a bha anns an Roinn Eòrpa roimh linntean na h-eachdraidh ‘Some are of the opinion that the Basques are a remnant of the people who were in Europe in prehistory’ (fp04_025)
1 Thathas bi VERB V-p0 Mood=Ind|Person=0|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 de de ADP Sp _ 4 case _ _
3 ‘n an DET Tdsm Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 4 det _ _
4 bheachd beachd NOUN Ncsmd Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 xcomp:pred _ _
5 gur is AUX Wpdia Polarity=Aff|Tense=Pres 6 cop _ _
6 h-e e PRON Pp3sm CleftType=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 acl _ _
7 th' bi VERB V-p Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 csubj:cleft _ _
8 anns an ADP Sp _ 10 case _ _
9 na an DET Tdpm Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art 10 det _ _
10 Basgaich basgach NOUN Ncpmd Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 xcomp:pred _ _
11 iarmad iarmad NOUN Ncsmn Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _
12 de de ADP Sp _ 14 case _ _
13 ‘n an DET Tdsm Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 14 det _ _
14 t-sluagh sluagh NOUN Ncsmd Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nmod _ _
15 a a PART Q-r PartType=Vb|PronType=Rel 16 nsubj _ _
16 bha bi VERB V-s Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _
17 anns an ADP Sp _ 19 case _ _
18 an an DET Tdsf Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 19 det _ _
19 Roinn Roinn PROPN Nt NounType=Top 16 xcomp:pred _ _
20 Eòrpa Eòrpa PROPN Nt NounType=Top 19 flat:name _ FlatType=Top
21 roimh ro ADP Sp _ 22 case _ _
22 linntean linn NOUN Ncpfd Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 16 obl _ _
23 na an DET Tdsfg Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 24 det _ _
24 h-eachdraidh eachdraidh NOUN Ncsfg Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No
cuimhne ‘memory’
bha cuimhne aig Dòmhnall gu robh seòrsa de ghràin anns a’ ghaol a bh’ aige air Sgùrr a’ Ghreadaidh ‘Donald remembered that there was a sort of hate in the love he had for Sgùrr a’ Ghreadaidh’ (f06_004, train)
1 bha bi VERB V-s Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 cuimhne cuimhne NOUN Ncsfn Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ _
3 aig aig ADP Sp _ 4 case _ _
4 Dòmhnall Dòmhnall PROPN Nn-md Case=Dat|Gender=Masc 1 xcomp:pred _ _
5 gu gu PART Qa PartType=Cmpl 6 mark:prt _ _
6 robh bi VERB V-s--d Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl _ _
7 seòrsa seòrsa NOUN Ncsmn Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _
8 de de ADP Sp _ 9 case _ _
9 ghràin gràin NOUN Ncsfd Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _
10 anns an ADP Sp _ 12 case _ _
11 a’ an DET Tdsm Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 12 det _ _
12 ghaol gaol NOUN Ncsmd Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 xcomp:pred _ _
13 a a PART Q-r PartType=Vb|PronType=Rel 14 nsubj _ _
14 bh' bi VERB V-s Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 acl:relcl _ _
15-16 aige _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
15 aig aig ADP Sp _ 16 case _ _
16 e e PRON Pp3sm Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 xcomp:pred _ _
17 air air ADP Sp _ 18 case _ _
18 Sgùrr Sgùrr PROPN Nt NounType=Top 14 obl _ _
19 a' a' PROPN Nt NounType=Top 18 flat:name _ FlatType=Top
20 Ghreadaidh Greadaidh PROPN Nt NounType=Top 18 flat:name _ FlatType=Top|SpaceAfter=No
duil ‘expectation’
bha dùil a’m gun robh e a’ faighinn na croiteadh ‘I expected that he was getting the croft’ (c07_062, train)
1 bha bi VERB V-s Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 dùil dùil NOUN Ncsfn Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ _
3-4 a'm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3 aig aig ADP Sp _ 4 case _ _
4 mi mi PRON Pp1s Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 xcomp:pred _ _
5 gun gu PART Qa PartType=Cmpl 6 mark:prt _ _
6 robh bi VERB V-s--d Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl _ _
7 e e PRON Pp3sm Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _
8 a' ag PART Sa _ 9 case _ _
9 faighinn faigh NOUN Nv VerbForm=Vnoun 6 xcomp:pred _ _
10 na an DET Tdsfg Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 11 det _ _
11 croiteadh croiteadh NOUN Ncsfg Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obj _ _
eagal ‘fear’
Tha eagal orm nach eil, buileach. ‘I fear not, entirely’ (f04_032, train)
1 “ “ PUNCT Fq _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No
2 Tha bi VERB V-p Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 eagal eagal NOUN Ncsmn Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _
4-5 orm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4 air air ADP Sp _ 5 case _ _
5 mi mi PRON Pp1s Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 xcomp:pred _ _
6 nach nach PART Qn PartType=Cmpl|Polarity=Neg 7 mark:prt _ _
7 eil bi VERB V-p--d Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl _ SpaceAfter=No
8 , , PUNCT Fi _ 7 punct _ _
9 buileach buileach ADV Rg AdvType=Man 7 xcomp:pred _ SpaceAfter=No
10 . . PUNCT Fe _ 2 punct _ _
fios ‘knowledge’
tha fhios gum biodh iad air am fàs caol ‘it is known that they have grown thin’ (c06_070, train)
1 tha bi VERB V-p Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
2 fhios fios NOUN Ncsmn Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ _
3 gum gu PART Qa PartType=Cmpl 4 mark:prt _ _
4 biodh bi VERB V-h--d Mood=Ind|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl _ _
5 iad iad PRON Pp3p Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _
6 air air PART Sa _ 8 case _ _
7 am an DET Dp3p Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ _
8 fàs fàs NOUN Nv VerbForm=Inf 4 xcomp:pred _ _
9 caol caol ADJ Ap _ 8 xcomp:pred _ _
teagamh ‘doubt’
Chan eil teagamh nach robh buaidh mhòr aig an t-seòrsa bàrdachd seo ‘There is no doubt that there wasn’t a big unfluence on this sort of poetry’ (fp07_009)
1 Chan chan PART Qn PartType=Vb|Polarity=Neg 2 mark:prt _ _
2 eil bi VERB V-p--d Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _
3 teagamh teagamh NOUN Ncsmn Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _
4 nach nach PART Qn PartType=Cmpl|Polarity=Neg 5 mark:prt _ _
5 robh bi VERB V-s--d Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl _ _
6 buaidh buaidh NOUN Ncsfn Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _
7 mhòr mòr ADJ Aq-sfn Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 amod _ _
8 aig aig ADP Sp _ 10 case _ _
9 an an DET Tdsm Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art 10 det _ _
10 t-seòrsa seòrsa NOUN Ncsmd Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 xcomp:pred _ _
11 bàrdachd bàrdachd NOUN Ncsfg Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nmod _ _
12 seo seo DET Dd PronType=Art 11 det _ _
acl in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gd] [gsw] [hbo] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [ml] [naq] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]