flat: flat
The flat relation is one of the three relations for MWE in UD. It is used for exocentric (headless) semi-fixed MWEs like names and dates. It contrasts with fixed,
which applies to completely fixed grammaticized (function word-like) MWEs, and with compound, which applies to endocentric (headed) MWEs.
Flat MWEs are annotated with a flat structure, where all subsequent words in the expression are attached to the first one using the flat label. The assumption is that
these expressions do not have any internal syntactic structure and that the structural annotation is in principle arbitrary.
Names
In Middle Armenian the flat:name relation as a specialization of flat is used to join the first (or middle) and the last name of a person. In general, names are
annotated in a flat:name, head-initial structure, in which all words in the name modify the head using the flat:name label.
Note, that the titles/honorifics, when immediately following the first noun, are analyzed using the flat:name relation. They are treated as a part of the names: (see also nmod and apposition):
# visual-style 1 2 flat:name color:blue
1 Մխիթար Մխիթար PROPN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 Հերացի Հերացի PROPN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing 1 flat:name _ _
# visual-style 1 2 flat:name color:blue
1 Հեթում Հեթում PROPN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 արքայ արքայ NOUN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing 1 flat:name _ _
Dates and Complex Numerals
The flat relation is also used for numerals and numerical expressions that lack phrasal structure. The most left numeral is the head, the other numerals are attached as its modifiers.
# visual-style 1 2 flat color:blue
1 հարոյր հարոյր NUM _ NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 0 root _ _
2 տասնուիաւթն տասնուիաւթն NUM _ NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 1 flat _ _
This relation is also used for synonymic or antonymic coordinative compounds. These are analytical constructions where two distinct words combine to form a single semantic unit with a collective or intensified meaning.
# visual-style 1 3 flat color:blue
1 ահ ահ NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing 0 root _ _
2 ու ու CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ _
3 դող դող NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing 1 flat _ _
# visual-style 1 3 flat color:blue
1 չար չար ADJ _ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _
2 ու ու CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ _
3 բարի բարի ADJ _ Degree=Pos 1 flat _ _
Date expressions which have a very clear syntactic structure, should be annotated with regular dependency relations. In other cases, they have a flat structure with no clearly discernible head.
flat in other languages: [axm] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gd] [hy] [it] [ka] [kk] [ky] [lt] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [ru] [sl] [swl] [tr] [u] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]