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NOUN: noun

Definition

Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea.

The NOUN tag is intended for common nouns only. See PROPN for proper nouns and PRON for pronouns.

Turkish nouns inflect for Number, possessor and Case.

We also mark the non-root inflectional groups as NOUN in complex derivation involving some suffixes, and subordinate clauses that function as a noun phrase. For details, see the section on subordination in specific constructions.

All adjectives and some of the adverbs may function as a noun without additional derivation, in this cases, we keep the POS tag of the original word, but assign nominal features to the word. (TODO: this needs more discussion)

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)

There are 2971 NOUN lemmas (48%), 7545 NOUN types (43%) and 15734 NOUN tokens (27%). Out of 14 observed tags, the rank of NOUN is: 1 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent NOUN lemmas: şey, yer, ev, gün, el, zaman, yıl, göz, anne, insan

The 10 most frequent NOUN types: şey, zaman, gün, adam, gece, yıl, bilim, önem, ev, evet

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: yer (NOUN 167, VERB 2), yıl (NOUN 112, VERB 2), yol (NOUN 79, VERB 2), an (NOUN 66, VERB 7), yüz (NOUN 54, NUM 52, VERB 2), neden (NOUN 50, ADV 6), içeri (NOUN 39, ADJ 1), park (NOUN 37, PROPN 1), saç (NOUN 25, VERB 5), art (NOUN 21, VERB 15)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: yıl (NOUN 45, VERB 2), yer (NOUN 30, VERB 4), neden (PRON 15, NOUN 13, ADV 4), gerek (NOUN 11, VERB 7), içeri (NOUN 10, ADJ 1), tarihi (NOUN 8, ADJ 1), Cumhuriyet (NOUN 9, PROPN 1), önce (ADP 58, ADV 30, NOUN 8), ardından (ADV 8, NOUN 6), yerinde (NOUN 8, ADJ 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of NOUN is 2.539549 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.815350).

The 1st highest number of forms (30) was observed with the lemma “ev”: Evlerde, Evleri’nde, ev, evde, evden, eve, evi, evim, evimde, evimden, evimi, evimin, evimizi, evimizin, evin, evinde, evinden, evine, evini, evinin, evinize, evle, evler, evlerden, evlere, evleri, evlerin, evlerinden, evlerine, evlerini.

The 2nd highest number of forms (29) was observed with the lemma “el”: Elim, el, elde, elden, ele, eli, elimde, elimden, elimi, elimizde, elimize, elinde, elinden, eline, elini, elinin, eliyle, elle, eller, ellerde, elleri, ellerim, ellerimden, ellerimi, ellerinde, ellerinden, ellerine, ellerini, elleriyle.

The 3rd highest number of forms (26) was observed with the lemma “göz”: Gözlerim, Gözünde, göz, gözden, göze, gözle, gözler, gözleri, gözlerime, gözlerimi, gözlerimin, gözlerinde, gözlerini, gözlerinin, gözleriyle, gözlerle, gözü, gözüm, gözümde, gözüme, gözümü, gözün, gözünden, gözünü, gözünün, gözüyle.

NOUN occurs with 5 features: Case (15734; 100% instances), Number (15734; 100% instances), Person (15734; 100% instances), Number[psor] (4994; 32% instances), Person[psor] (4994; 32% instances)

NOUN occurs with 16 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Equ, Case=Gen, Case=Ins, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Number[psor]=Plur, Number[psor]=Sing, Person=3, Person[psor]=1, Person[psor]=2, Person[psor]=3

NOUN occurs with 99 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3 (6048 tokens). Examples: şey, zaman, gün, adam, gece, yıl, bilim, önem, ev, evet

Relations

NOUN nodes are attached to their parents using 14 different relations: nmod (5869; 37% instances), dobj (2808; 18% instances), nmod:poss (2774; 18% instances), nsubj (2054; 13% instances), conj (1079; 7% instances), root (606; 4% instances), compound:lvc (381; 2% instances), compound (71; 0% instances), appos (50; 0% instances), ccomp (12; 0% instances), det (12; 0% instances), cc (8; 0% instances), advmod:emph (6; 0% instances), csubj (4; 0% instances)

Parents of NOUN nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: VERB (9197; 58% instances), NOUN (4159; 26% instances), ADJ (1136; 7% instances), ROOT (606; 4% instances), PROPN (230; 1% instances), ADV (144; 1% instances), PRON (84; 1% instances), NUM (63; 0% instances), CONJ (56; 0% instances), PUNCT (27; 0% instances), ADP (21; 0% instances), DET (4; 0% instances), AUX (3; 0% instances), X (3; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

6568 (42%) NOUN nodes are leaves.

5808 (37%) NOUN nodes have one child.

2145 (14%) NOUN nodes have two children.

1213 (8%) NOUN nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a NOUN node is 13.

Children of NOUN nodes are attached using 26 different relations: nmod:poss (2923; 19% instances), amod (1976; 13% instances), det (1685; 11% instances), nmod (1580; 11% instances), conj (1154; 8% instances), acl (1092; 7% instances), case (1067; 7% instances), punct (907; 6% instances), nummod (554; 4% instances), cc (403; 3% instances), cop (360; 2% instances), advmod:emph (331; 2% instances), nsubj (322; 2% instances), advmod (212; 1% instances), mwe (102; 1% instances), compound (82; 1% instances), dobj (74; 0% instances), aux:q (39; 0% instances), discourse (36; 0% instances), advcl (31; 0% instances), appos (22; 0% instances), ccomp (17; 0% instances), csubj (17; 0% instances), mark (11; 0% instances), parataxis (3; 0% instances), compound:lvc (2; 0% instances)

Children of NOUN nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: NOUN (4159; 28% instances), ADJ (2409; 16% instances), VERB (1765; 12% instances), NUM (1446; 10% instances), ADP (1071; 7% instances), PUNCT (927; 6% instances), DET (852; 6% instances), CONJ (746; 5% instances), PROPN (632; 4% instances), PRON (362; 2% instances), AUX (349; 2% instances), ADV (271; 2% instances), INTJ (8; 0% instances), X (5; 0% instances)


NOUN in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]