NOUN
: noun
Definition
Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea.
The NOUN
tag is intended for common nouns only. See PROPN for
proper nouns and PRON for pronouns.
Turkish nouns inflect for Number, possessor and Case.
We also mark the non-root inflectional groups as NOUN
in complex derivation involving some suffixes, and subordinate clauses that function as a noun phrase.
For details, see the section on subordination in specific constructions.
All adjectives and some of the adverbs may function as a noun without additional derivation, in this cases, we keep the POS tag of the original word, but assign nominal features to the word. (TODO: this needs more discussion)
Examples
- kız “girl”
- kedi “cat”
- ağaç “tree”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)
There are 2971 NOUN
lemmas (48%), 7545 NOUN
types (43%) and 15734 NOUN
tokens (27%).
Out of 14 observed tags, the rank of NOUN
is: 1 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.
The 10 most frequent NOUN
lemmas: şey, yer, ev, gün, el, zaman, yıl, göz, anne, insan
The 10 most frequent NOUN
types: şey, zaman, gün, adam, gece, yıl, bilim, önem, ev, evet
The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: yer (NOUN 167, VERB 2), yıl (NOUN 112, VERB 2), yol (NOUN 79, VERB 2), an (NOUN 66, VERB 7), yüz (NOUN 54, NUM 52, VERB 2), neden (NOUN 50, ADV 6), içeri (NOUN 39, ADJ 1), park (NOUN 37, PROPN 1), saç (NOUN 25, VERB 5), art (NOUN 21, VERB 15)
The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: yıl (NOUN 45, VERB 2), yer (NOUN 30, VERB 4), neden (PRON 15, NOUN 13, ADV 4), gerek (NOUN 11, VERB 7), içeri (NOUN 10, ADJ 1), tarihi (NOUN 8, ADJ 1), Cumhuriyet (NOUN 9, PROPN 1), önce (ADP 58, ADV 30, NOUN 8), ardından (ADV 8, NOUN 6), yerinde (NOUN 8, ADJ 2)
- yıl
- yer
- neden
- gerek
- içeri
- tarihi
- Cumhuriyet
- NOUN 9: Hepimiz Cumhuriyet devrinde doğmuştuk .
- PROPN 1: Bağcılar Cumhuriyet Başsavcılığı , Siirt’te ki seçimin iptaliyle milletvekilliği düştükten sonra gıyabi tutuklama kararı vicahiye çevrilerek cezaevine konulan Fadıl Akgündüz hakkında , dörtyüzdoksandört - binikiyüzotuzbeş yıl arasında hapis cezası istemiyle fezleke hazırladı .
- önce
- ardından
- yerinde
Morphology
The form / lemma ratio of NOUN
is 2.539549 (the average of all parts of speech is 2.815350).
The 1st highest number of forms (30) was observed with the lemma “ev”: Evlerde, Evleri’nde, ev, evde, evden, eve, evi, evim, evimde, evimden, evimi, evimin, evimizi, evimizin, evin, evinde, evinden, evine, evini, evinin, evinize, evle, evler, evlerden, evlere, evleri, evlerin, evlerinden, evlerine, evlerini.
The 2nd highest number of forms (29) was observed with the lemma “el”: Elim, el, elde, elden, ele, eli, elimde, elimden, elimi, elimizde, elimize, elinde, elinden, eline, elini, elinin, eliyle, elle, eller, ellerde, elleri, ellerim, ellerimden, ellerimi, ellerinde, ellerinden, ellerine, ellerini, elleriyle.
The 3rd highest number of forms (26) was observed with the lemma “göz”: Gözlerim, Gözünde, göz, gözden, göze, gözle, gözler, gözleri, gözlerime, gözlerimi, gözlerimin, gözlerinde, gözlerini, gözlerinin, gözleriyle, gözlerle, gözü, gözüm, gözümde, gözüme, gözümü, gözün, gözünden, gözünü, gözünün, gözüyle.
NOUN
occurs with 5 features: Case (15734; 100% instances), Number (15734; 100% instances), Person (15734; 100% instances), Number[psor] (4994; 32% instances), Person[psor] (4994; 32% instances)
NOUN
occurs with 16 feature-value pairs: Case=Abl
, Case=Acc
, Case=Dat
, Case=Equ
, Case=Gen
, Case=Ins
, Case=Loc
, Case=Nom
, Number=Plur
, Number=Sing
, Number[psor]=Plur
, Number[psor]=Sing
, Person=3
, Person[psor]=1
, Person[psor]=2
, Person[psor]=3
NOUN
occurs with 99 feature combinations.
The most frequent feature combination is Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3
(6048 tokens).
Examples: şey, zaman, gün, adam, gece, yıl, bilim, önem, ev, evet
Relations
NOUN
nodes are attached to their parents using 14 different relations: nmod (5869; 37% instances), dobj (2808; 18% instances), nmod:poss (2774; 18% instances), nsubj (2054; 13% instances), conj (1079; 7% instances), root (606; 4% instances), compound:lvc (381; 2% instances), compound (71; 0% instances), appos (50; 0% instances), ccomp (12; 0% instances), det (12; 0% instances), cc (8; 0% instances), advmod:emph (6; 0% instances), csubj (4; 0% instances)
Parents of NOUN
nodes belong to 15 different parts of speech: VERB (9197; 58% instances), NOUN (4159; 26% instances), ADJ (1136; 7% instances), ROOT (606; 4% instances), PROPN (230; 1% instances), ADV (144; 1% instances), PRON (84; 1% instances), NUM (63; 0% instances), CONJ (56; 0% instances), PUNCT (27; 0% instances), ADP (21; 0% instances), DET (4; 0% instances), AUX (3; 0% instances), X (3; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)
6568 (42%) NOUN
nodes are leaves.
5808 (37%) NOUN
nodes have one child.
2145 (14%) NOUN
nodes have two children.
1213 (8%) NOUN
nodes have three or more children.
The highest child degree of a NOUN
node is 13.
Children of NOUN
nodes are attached using 26 different relations: nmod:poss (2923; 19% instances), amod (1976; 13% instances), det (1685; 11% instances), nmod (1580; 11% instances), conj (1154; 8% instances), acl (1092; 7% instances), case (1067; 7% instances), punct (907; 6% instances), nummod (554; 4% instances), cc (403; 3% instances), cop (360; 2% instances), advmod:emph (331; 2% instances), nsubj (322; 2% instances), advmod (212; 1% instances), mwe (102; 1% instances), compound (82; 1% instances), dobj (74; 0% instances), aux:q (39; 0% instances), discourse (36; 0% instances), advcl (31; 0% instances), appos (22; 0% instances), ccomp (17; 0% instances), csubj (17; 0% instances), mark (11; 0% instances), parataxis (3; 0% instances), compound:lvc (2; 0% instances)
Children of NOUN
nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: NOUN (4159; 28% instances), ADJ (2409; 16% instances), VERB (1765; 12% instances), NUM (1446; 10% instances), ADP (1071; 7% instances), PUNCT (927; 6% instances), DET (852; 6% instances), CONJ (746; 5% instances), PROPN (632; 4% instances), PRON (362; 2% instances), AUX (349; 2% instances), ADV (271; 2% instances), INTJ (8; 0% instances), X (5; 0% instances)
NOUN in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]