dobj: direct object
The direct object of a verb is the noun phrase that denotes the entity acted upon.
In Turkish, direct objects take either nominative (unmarked), or accusative cases.
We do not mark arguments of verbs in other cases with dobj.
(NOTE: Kyrgiz treebank marks ablatives as in pastadan aldı ‘he took from the cake’. We may consider doing the same. At least we should try to unify the analyses.)
Note also that we mark objects of intransitive causative verbs using dobj:cau.
Hafta sonları kitap okurum . \n I read (books) during weekends
dobj(okurum, kitap)
Kitabı okudum . \n I read the book.
dobj(okudum, Kitabı)
We also mark the non-case marked or accusative noun phrases as dobj even if they are not the entities that are acted upon.
Dün 10 kilometre koştum . \n I ran 10 kilometers yesterday
dobj(koştum, kilometre)
Dün 10 kilometreyi 35 dakikada koştum . \n Yesterday, I ran 10 kilometers in 35 minutes
dobj(koştum, kilometreyi)
Treebank Statistics (UD_Turkish)
This relation is universal.
4469 nodes (8%) are attached to their parents as dobj.
4272 instances of dobj (96%) are right-to-left (child precedes parent).
Average distance between parent and child is 1.78362049675543.
The following 43 pairs of parts of speech are connected with dobj: tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/NOUN (2676; 60% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/VERB (748; 17% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/PRON (418; 9% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/ADJ (304; 7% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/PROPN (86; 2% instances), tr-pos/ADJ-tr-pos/NOUN (51; 1% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/NOUN (43; 1% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/NUM (28; 1% instances), tr-pos/ADV-tr-pos/NOUN (20; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/VERB (12; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADJ-tr-pos/ADJ (9; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/PRON (8; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADJ-tr-pos/VERB (6; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADJ-tr-pos/PRON (5; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/ADJ (5; 0% instances), tr-pos/PRON-tr-pos/NOUN (5; 0% instances), tr-pos/PUNCT-tr-pos/NOUN (4; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADP-tr-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), tr-pos/CONJ-tr-pos/NOUN (3; 0% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/ADP (3; 0% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/CONJ (3; 0% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/PUNCT (3; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADV-tr-pos/VERB (2; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/NUM (2; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/PROPN (2; 0% instances), tr-pos/PUNCT-tr-pos/PRON (2; 0% instances), tr-pos/VERB-tr-pos/DET (2; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADJ-tr-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADP-tr-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADP-tr-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADV-tr-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/ADV-tr-pos/PRON (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/CONJ-tr-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/DET-tr-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/ADP (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/NOUN-tr-pos/DET (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/NUM-tr-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PRON-tr-pos/PROPN (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PRON-tr-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PROPN-tr-pos/NOUN (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PUNCT-tr-pos/ADJ (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PUNCT-tr-pos/NUM (1; 0% instances), tr-pos/PUNCT-tr-pos/VERB (1; 0% instances).
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 3 2 dobj color:blue
1 Bir bir NUM ANum NumType=Card 2 det _ _
2 taksi taksi NOUN Noun Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 dobj _ _
3 bulduk bul VERB Verb Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past 0 root _ _
4 . . PUNCT Punc _ 3 punct _ _
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# visual-style 7 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 7 5 dobj color:blue
1 Oğlum oğul NOUN Noun Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Person=3|Person[psor]=1 7 nsubj _ _
2 , , PUNCT Punc _ 7 punct _ _
3 Ne ne PRON Ques Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 nmod _ _
4 işe iş NOUN Noun Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 nmod _ _
5 yaradığını yara VERB Verb Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 dobj _ _
6 , , PUNCT Punc _ 5 punct _ _
7 sordu sor VERB Verb Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past 0 root _ _
8 . . PUNCT Punc _ 7 punct _ _
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# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
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# visual-style 2 1 dobj color:blue
1 Ne ne PRON Ques Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 dobj _ _
2 anlatacaktın anlat VERB Verb Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=FutPast 0 root _ _
3 . . PUNCT Punc _ 2 punct _ _
dobj in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]