This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
home la/pos issue tracker

VERB: verb

This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation for VERB.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin)

There are 2288 VERB lemmas (29%), 5992 VERB types (42%) and 10541 VERB tokens (22%). Out of 12 observed tags, the rank of VERB is: 2 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent VERB lemmas: sum1, habeo1, dico2, facio1, video1, possum1, do1, venio1, inquam1, volo1

The 10 most frequent VERB types: est, sunt, esse, erat, inquit, fuit, sit, habet, vidi, sum

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: sum1 (VERB 1345, X 1), mitto1 (VERB 46, X 1), fero1 (VERB 40, ADJ 1), paro2 (VERB 23, ADJ 1), effundo1 (VERB 19, ADJ 1), nascor1 (VERB 19, NOUN 2), licet1 (VERB 16, SCONJ 2), accedo1 (VERB 11, X 1), tueor (VERB 8, ADV 1), armo1 (VERB 7, NOUN 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: facta (VERB 23, NOUN 6), factum (VERB 17, NOUN 6), natus (VERB 10, NOUN 2), licet (VERB 10, SCONJ 4, CONJ 1), nescio (VERB 10, ADJ 1), rogo (VERB 4, NOUN 1), dicam (VERB 5, NOUN 1), dictum (VERB 6, NOUN 2), tuta (VERB 6, X 1), usus (VERB 6, NOUN 2)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of VERB is 2.618881 (the average of all parts of speech is 1.829408).

The 1st highest number of forms (56) was observed with the lemma “video1”: Videor, Viderat, Videris, vide, videam, videant, videantur, videaris, videas, videat, videbam, videbant, videbantur, videbatur, videbimur, videbis, videbit, videbo, videbunt, videmur, videmus, videndum, vident, videntes, videntur, video, videram, videratis, videre, viderem, viderentur, viderer, videret, videretis, videretur, videri, viderint, videro, viderunt, vides, videt, videte, videtis, videtur, vidi, vidimus, vidisse, vidissem, vidissent, vidisti, vidit, visa, visae, visum, visura, visus.

The 2nd highest number of forms (55) was observed with the lemma “dico2”: Dicebam, Dicite, Dictorum, dic, dicam, dicant, dicar, dicat, dicatur, dicebant, dicebantur, dicebas, dicebat, dicebatur, dicens, dicente, dicentem, dicentes, dicenti, dicentis, dicentium, dicere, dicerent, diceret, diceretur, dices, dicet, dicetur, dici, dicimus, dicis, dicit, dicitur, dico, dicta, dictis, dictos, dictum, dicturus, dictus, dicundi, dicunt, dicuntur, dixeramus, dixerat, dixere, dixerim, dixerit, dixero, dixerunt, dixi, diximus, dixisse, dixisti, dixit.

The 3rd highest number of forms (53) was observed with the lemma “sum1”: eram, erant, eras, erat, erimus, eris, erit, ero, erunt, es, esse, essem, essemus, essent, esses, esset, est, este, estis, esto, fore, forent, foret, fruit, fueram, fuerant, fuerat, fuere, fuerint, fueris, fuerit, fuero, fuerunt, fui, fuimus, fuisse, fuissent, fuisses, fuisset, fuit, futura, futuram, futurum, sim, simus, sint, sis, sit, sitis, sum, sumus, sunt, sunto.

VERB occurs with 10 features: VerbForm (10531; 100% instances), Tense (10480; 99% instances), Voice (10249; 97% instances), Number (9297; 88% instances), Person (6901; 65% instances), Mood (6899; 65% instances), Aspect (4460; 42% instances), Case (2401; 23% instances), Gender (2386; 23% instances), Degree (7; 0% instances)

VERB occurs with 31 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Nom, Case=Voc, Degree=Cmp, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Mood=Imp, Mood=Ind, Mood=Sub, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Tense=Fut, Tense=Past, Tense=Pqp, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Fin, VerbForm=Gdv, VerbForm=Ger, VerbForm=Inf, VerbForm=Part, Voice=Act, Voice=Pass

VERB occurs with 289 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act (1431 tokens). Examples: est, inquit, habet, potest, dicit, fit, ait, venit, oportet, iubet

Relations

VERB nodes are attached to their parents using 18 different relations: root (3026; 29% instances), conj (1842; 17% instances), advcl (1705; 16% instances), amod (776; 7% instances), xcomp (554; 5% instances), cop (520; 5% instances), acl (515; 5% instances), auxpass (511; 5% instances), ccomp (483; 5% instances), dobj (186; 2% instances), nsubj (130; 1% instances), nmod (92; 1% instances), advmod (72; 1% instances), csubj (72; 1% instances), csubjpass (25; 0% instances), iobj (17; 0% instances), nsubjpass (14; 0% instances), cc (1; 0% instances)

Parents of VERB nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: VERB (5294; 50% instances), ROOT (3026; 29% instances), NOUN (1297; 12% instances), ADJ (507; 5% instances), PRON (242; 2% instances), ADV (70; 1% instances), CONJ (38; 0% instances), PUNCT (38; 0% instances), SCONJ (10; 0% instances), X (8; 0% instances), INTJ (6; 0% instances), NUM (5; 0% instances)

1736 (16%) VERB nodes are leaves.

1907 (18%) VERB nodes have one child.

2104 (20%) VERB nodes have two children.

4794 (45%) VERB nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a VERB node is 17.

Children of VERB nodes are attached using 23 different relations: dobj (4157; 15% instances), advmod (3569; 13% instances), nmod (3245; 12% instances), punct (3097; 12% instances), nsubj (2858; 11% instances), conj (2065; 8% instances), advcl (1546; 6% instances), cc (1526; 6% instances), mark (1209; 4% instances), nsubjpass (1035; 4% instances), xcomp (758; 3% instances), auxpass (508; 2% instances), ccomp (504; 2% instances), iobj (379; 1% instances), vocative (129; 0% instances), csubj (72; 0% instances), amod (56; 0% instances), cop (53; 0% instances), acl (44; 0% instances), case (44; 0% instances), neg (43; 0% instances), csubjpass (25; 0% instances), nummod (2; 0% instances)

Children of VERB nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: NOUN (8541; 32% instances), VERB (5294; 20% instances), PUNCT (3099; 12% instances), ADV (2839; 11% instances), PRON (2772; 10% instances), CONJ (2186; 8% instances), SCONJ (1061; 4% instances), ADJ (964; 4% instances), INTJ (49; 0% instances), ADP (44; 0% instances), NUM (41; 0% instances), X (34; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-ITTB)

There are 1060 VERB lemmas (29%), 6089 VERB types (45%) and 52515 VERB tokens (18%). Out of 15 observed tags, the rank of VERB is: 2 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 2 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent VERB lemmas: sum, dico, possum, habeo, intelligo, facio, oportet, moveo, cognosco, ago

The 10 most frequent VERB types: est, esse, sit, sunt, potest, oportet, habet, dicitur, ostensum, patet

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: sum (VERB 14984, AUX 1397), objicio (VERB 20, NOUN 1), fallo (VERB 10, ADJ 1), licet (SCONJ 116, VERB 7), labor (NOUN 8, VERB 2), agens (NOUN 749, VERB 1), esse (NOUN 1284, VERB 1), potior (ADJ 23, VERB 1), praeceptum (NOUN 2, VERB 1)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: est (VERB 8274, AUX 1041), esse (VERB 2121, NOUN 1283, AUX 41), sit (VERB 1662, AUX 68), sunt (VERB 1493, AUX 141), esset (VERB 335, AUX 5), sint (VERB 262, AUX 20), erit (VERB 224, AUX 3), dictum (VERB 137, NOUN 13), agens (NOUN 330, VERB 131), dictis (VERB 93, NOUN 5)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of VERB is 5.744340 (the average of all parts of speech is 3.667841).

The 1st highest number of forms (59) was observed with the lemma “dico”: dicam, dicamus, dicant, dicantur, dicas, dicat, dicatur, dicebant, dicebat, dicebatur, dicemus, dicendi, dicendo, dicendorum, dicendum, dicens, dicente, dicentes, dicentis, dicentium, dicentur, dicere, diceremus, dicerent, dicerentur, diceres, diceret, diceretur, dices, dicetur, dici, dicimur, dicimus, dicis, dicit, dicitur, dico, dicta, dictae, dictam, dictarum, dictas, dicti, dictis, dicto, dictorum, dictum, dicunt, dicuntur, dixerat, dixerimus, dixerint, dixerit, dixerunt, dixi, diximus, dixisse, dixisset, dixit.

The 2nd highest number of forms (55) was observed with the lemma “intelligo”: intellecta, intellectae, intellectam, intellectarum, intellectas, intellecti, intellectis, intellecto, intellectorum, intellectum, intellectuum, intellexerunt, intellexi, intellexissent, intellexit, intelligamus, intelligant, intelligantur, intelligat, intelligatur, intellige, intelligebant, intelligebat, intelligemus, intelligenda, intelligendae, intelligendam, intelligendas, intelligendi, intelligendo, intelligendum, intelligendus, intelligens, intelligent, intelligente, intelligentem, intelligentes, intelligenti, intelligentibus, intelligentis, intelligentium, intelligere, intelligeremus, intelligerent, intelligerentur, intelligeret, intelligeretur, intelliget, intelligetur, intelligi, intelligimus, intelligit, intelligitur, intelligunt, intelliguntur.

The 3rd highest number of forms (53) was observed with the lemma “facio”: facere, facerent, faceret, faciam, faciamus, faciant, faciat, faciendo, faciendum, faciens, facient, faciente, facientis, facies, faciet, facimus, facit, facitis, faciunt, facta, factae, factam, factarum, factas, facti, factis, facto, factorum, factum, facturum, facturus, factus, fecerat, fecerit, feceritis, fecisse, fecisti, fecistis, fecit, fiant, fiat, fiebant, fiebat, fiendae, fiendi, fiendo, fient, fierent, fieret, fieri, fiet, fit, fiunt.

VERB occurs with 11 features: VerbForm (52416; 100% instances), Voice (52416; 100% instances), Tense (50690; 97% instances), Number (46433; 88% instances), Mood (35572; 68% instances), Person (35572; 68% instances), Case (10861; 21% instances), Degree (10857; 21% instances), Gender (9740; 19% instances), Aspect (8461; 16% instances), VerbType (3060; 6% instances)

VERB occurs with 36 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Loc, Case=Nom, Case=Voc, Degree=Cmp, Degree=Pos, Degree=Sup, Gender=Fem, Gender=Masc, Gender=Neut, Mood=Imp, Mood=Ind, Mood=Sub, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Tense=Fut, Tense=Imp, Tense=Past, Tense=Pqp, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Fin, VerbForm=Gdv, VerbForm=Ger, VerbForm=Inf, VerbForm=Part, VerbType=Mod, Voice=Act, Voice=Pass

VERB occurs with 318 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act (15830 tokens). Examples: est, oportet, habet, patet, dicit, cognoscit, agit, intelligit, apparet, facit

Relations

VERB nodes are attached to their parents using 17 different relations: root (11219; 21% instances), cop (10326; 20% instances), acl (9486; 18% instances), advcl (7849; 15% instances), csubj (3563; 7% instances), conj (2982; 6% instances), xcomp (2776; 5% instances), ccomp (2020; 4% instances), dep (1200; 2% instances), parataxis (529; 1% instances), csubjpass (456; 1% instances), appos (83; 0% instances), mark (16; 0% instances), cc (5; 0% instances), mwe (3; 0% instances), advmod:emph (1; 0% instances), nsubj (1; 0% instances)

Parents of VERB nodes belong to 16 different parts of speech: VERB (17511; 33% instances), NOUN (12351; 24% instances), ROOT (11219; 21% instances), ADJ (6282; 12% instances), PRON (3640; 7% instances), ADV (459; 1% instances), CONJ (437; 1% instances), PROPN (289; 1% instances), NUM (280; 1% instances), PUNCT (16; 0% instances), X (15; 0% instances), SCONJ (10; 0% instances), ADP (2; 0% instances), DET (2; 0% instances), AUX (1; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)

15482 (29%) VERB nodes are leaves.

5508 (10%) VERB nodes have one child.

5331 (10%) VERB nodes have two children.

26194 (50%) VERB nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a VERB node is 20.

Children of VERB nodes are attached using 29 different relations: punct (24657; 18% instances), nmod (14823; 11% instances), nsubj (13306; 10% instances), dobj (13190; 10% instances), mark (12220; 9% instances), advmod (11592; 9% instances), cc (7235; 5% instances), advcl (7101; 5% instances), nsubjpass (5485; 4% instances), neg (4234; 3% instances), conj (3669; 3% instances), xcomp (3302; 2% instances), csubj (3146; 2% instances), ccomp (2347; 2% instances), dep (1705; 1% instances), auxpass (1363; 1% instances), cop (1090; 1% instances), iobj (996; 1% instances), advmod:emph (969; 1% instances), csubjpass (548; 0% instances), auxpass:reflex (257; 0% instances), acl (252; 0% instances), amod (205; 0% instances), parataxis (114; 0% instances), appos (47; 0% instances), aux (14; 0% instances), nummod (11; 0% instances), vocative (8; 0% instances), mwe (3; 0% instances)

Children of VERB nodes belong to 14 different parts of speech: NOUN (32929; 25% instances), PUNCT (24655; 18% instances), VERB (17511; 13% instances), PRON (15256; 11% instances), ADV (13518; 10% instances), SCONJ (10465; 8% instances), CONJ (6736; 5% instances), ADJ (6050; 5% instances), PROPN (2230; 2% instances), ADP (2158; 2% instances), AUX (1375; 1% instances), NUM (726; 1% instances), X (279; 0% instances), INTJ (1; 0% instances)


Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-PROIEL)

There are 1869 VERB lemmas (26%), 11908 VERB types (49%) and 40433 VERB tokens (24%). Out of 13 observed tags, the rank of VERB is: 2 in number of lemmas, 1 in number of types and 1 in number of tokens.

The 10 most frequent VERB lemmas: sum, dico, facio, video, venio, habeo, possum, do, mitto, scribo

The 10 most frequent VERB types: est, sunt, esse, dixit, erat, ait, esset, erant, sum, dicit

The 10 most frequent ambiguous lemmas: intro (VERB 116, ADP 8, ADV 6), licet (VERB 72, SCONJ 7, ADV 1), paro (VERB 69, ADJ 1), praesto (VERB 30, ADV 7), perturbo (VERB 19, ADJ 1), adeo (VERB 15, ADV 2), furor (VERB 9, NOUN 7), nitor (VERB 5, NOUN 1), suspicio (NOUN 12, VERB 4), labor (NOUN 40, VERB 3)

The 10 most frequent ambiguous types: factum (VERB 162, NOUN 3), facta (VERB 149, NOUN 1), scribis (VERB 72, NOUN 16), licet (VERB 38, SCONJ 7, ADV 1), data (VERB 36, NOUN 1), dictum (VERB 36, NOUN 2), scribam (VERB 31, NOUN 2), facto (VERB 30, NOUN 1), cura (VERB 29, NOUN 13), dicis (VERB 26, NOUN 1)

Morphology

The form / lemma ratio of VERB is 6.371322 (the average of all parts of speech is 3.304580).

The 1st highest number of forms (119) was observed with the lemma “video”: uide, uideantur, uidebam, uidebamus, uidebantur, uidebatur, uidenda, uidendum, uidentes, uideo, uideramus, uidere, uiderem, uideremus, uiderent, uideret, uideri, uidero, uiderunt, uides, uidet, uidete, uidetis, uidetur, uidi, uidimus, uidisse, uidissent, uidisset, uidit, uisa, uisendam, uisi, uisis, uiso, uisum, vide, videam, videamini, videamur, videamus, videant, videantur, videar, videaris, videas, videat, videatur, videbam, videbant, videbantur, videbar, videbare, videbat, videbatur, videbimur, videbimus, videbis, videbit, videbitis, videbitur, videbo, videbunt, videbuntur, videmur, videmus, videndi, videndum, videns, vident, videntes, videntibus, videntur, video, videor, viderant, viderat, videre, viderem, videremur, viderent, viderentur, videres, videret, videretur, videri, viderimus, viderint, videris, viderit, videritis, videro, viderunt, vides, videt, videte, videtis, videto, videtur, vidi, vidimus, vidisse, vidissem, vidissent, vidisses, vidisset, vidisti, vidistis, vidit, visa, visae, visam, visis, viso, visum, visuri, visurum, visurus, visus.

The 2nd highest number of forms (84) was observed with the lemma “facio”: fac, facere, facerem, facerent, faceres, faceret, faciam, faciamus, faciant, facias, faciat, faciatis, faciebam, faciebant, faciebat, faciemus, facienda, faciendae, faciendam, faciendi, faciendis, faciendo, faciendum, faciens, facient, faciente, facientem, facientes, facienti, facientibus, facies, faciet, facietis, facimus, facio, facis, facit, facite, facitis, facito, facitur, faciundi, faciunt, facta, factae, factam, factas, facteon, facti, factis, facto, factorum, factos, factu, factum, factura, facturas, facturi, facturos, facturum, facturus, factus, feceram, feceramus, fecerant, fecerat, fecerim, fecerimus, fecerint, feceris, fecerit, feceritis, fecerunt, feci, fecimus, fecisse, fecissem, fecissent, fecisset, fecisti, fecistis, fecit, fieret, uidi.

The 3rd highest number of forms (83) was observed with the lemma “venio”: ueneramus, uenerant, uenerint, ueneris, uenerit, uenero, ueniatur, ueniebamus, ueniens, ueniente, uenientem, uenientes, uenienti, uenimus, uenire, uenirem, ueniremus, uenires, uenisse, uenissem, uenissemus, uenisset, uenit, uenitur, ueniunt, uentum, veneram, venerant, venerat, venerim, venerimus, venerint, veneris, venerit, venero, venerunt, veni, veniam, veniant, venias, veniat, venibant, veniebant, veniebas, veniebat, veniemus, veniendo, veniendum, veniens, venient, veniente, venientem, venientes, venies, veniet, venimus, venio, venire, venirem, venirent, venires, veniret, veniretur, veniri, venis, venisse, venissem, venissemus, venissent, venisset, venisti, venistis, venit, venite, venito, veniunt, ventum, ventura, venturi, venturo, venturos, venturum, venturus.

VERB occurs with 9 features: VerbForm (40432; 100% instances), Tense (39849; 99% instances), Voice (39849; 99% instances), Number (36149; 89% instances), Mood (28751; 71% instances), Person (28751; 71% instances), Aspect (16476; 41% instances), Case (7596; 19% instances), Gender (7315; 18% instances)

VERB occurs with 33 feature-value pairs: Aspect=Imp, Aspect=Perf, Case=Abl, Case=Acc, Case=Dat, Case=Gen, Case=Nom, Case=Voc, Gender=Fem, Gender=Fem,Masc, Gender=Masc, Gender=Masc,Neut, Gender=Neut, Mood=Imp, Mood=Ind, Mood=Sub, Number=Plur, Number=Sing, Person=1, Person=2, Person=3, Tense=Fut, Tense=Past, Tense=Pqp, Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Fin, VerbForm=Gdv, VerbForm=Ger, VerbForm=Inf, VerbForm=Part, VerbForm=Sup, Voice=Act, Voice=Pass

VERB occurs with 252 feature combinations. The most frequent feature combination is Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act (4741 tokens). Examples: est, ait, dicit, habet, fit, potest, facit, oportet, licet, venit

Relations

VERB nodes are attached to their parents using 19 different relations: root (12875; 32% instances), advcl (7434; 18% instances), conj (4900; 12% instances), acl (3470; 9% instances), cop (3466; 9% instances), ccomp (2750; 7% instances), auxpass (2081; 5% instances), xcomp (1792; 4% instances), nsubj (363; 1% instances), parataxis (352; 1% instances), csubjpass (332; 1% instances), dobj (270; 1% instances), aux (164; 0% instances), nsubjpass (80; 0% instances), remnant (71; 0% instances), nmod (25; 0% instances), dep (4; 0% instances), advmod (3; 0% instances), vocative (1; 0% instances)

Parents of VERB nodes belong to 13 different parts of speech: VERB (18854; 47% instances), ROOT (12875; 32% instances), NOUN (3703; 9% instances), ADJ (2044; 5% instances), PRON (1052; 3% instances), ADV (1031; 3% instances), PROPN (532; 1% instances), SCONJ (123; 0% instances), NUM (96; 0% instances), X (56; 0% instances), ADP (31; 0% instances), CONJ (18; 0% instances), INTJ (18; 0% instances)

7980 (20%) VERB nodes are leaves.

7372 (18%) VERB nodes have one child.

9491 (23%) VERB nodes have two children.

15590 (39%) VERB nodes have three or more children.

The highest child degree of a VERB node is 14.

Children of VERB nodes are attached using 28 different relations: dobj (11077; 13% instances), nsubj (10071; 11% instances), iobj (9245; 10% instances), cc (7696; 9% instances), advmod (7418; 8% instances), nmod (6996; 8% instances), advcl (6984; 8% instances), conj (4673; 5% instances), mark (4605; 5% instances), nsubjpass (4039; 5% instances), discourse (3823; 4% instances), ccomp (2804; 3% instances), xcomp (2605; 3% instances), auxpass (2081; 2% instances), neg (1796; 2% instances), vocative (673; 1% instances), csubjpass (400; 0% instances), parataxis (338; 0% instances), cop (288; 0% instances), case (230; 0% instances), remnant (160; 0% instances), aux (158; 0% instances), dep (43; 0% instances), appos (28; 0% instances), acl (10; 0% instances), det (10; 0% instances), nummod (8; 0% instances), foreign (2; 0% instances)

Children of VERB nodes belong to 12 different parts of speech: NOUN (21078; 24% instances), VERB (18854; 21% instances), PRON (13561; 15% instances), ADV (12772; 14% instances), CONJ (7708; 9% instances), SCONJ (4735; 5% instances), ADJ (4678; 5% instances), PROPN (3865; 4% instances), INTJ (318; 0% instances), ADP (290; 0% instances), NUM (270; 0% instances), X (132; 0% instances)


VERB in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]