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Tense: tense

This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation for Tense.

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 4 different values: Fut, Past, Pqp, Pres.

10484 tokens (22%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 6104 types (44%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 2273 lemmas (31%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: VERB (10480; 22% instances), X (3; 0% instances), NOUN (1; 0% instances).

VERB

10480 VERB tokens (99% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (8130; 78%), Case=EMPTY (8129; 78%), Voice=Act (7806; 74%), Number=Sing (6917; 66%), VerbForm=Fin (6889; 66%), Aspect=EMPTY (6020; 57%), Mood=Ind (5398; 52%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Fut (513; 5% of non-empty Tense): erit, fore, curabo, eris, erunt, poterit, dabo, dicam, faciet, ostendam
• Past (4419; 42% of non-empty Tense): erat, fuit, vidi, erant, esset, dixit, audivi, fecit, facta, iussit
• Pqp (340; 3% of non-empty Tense): fuerat, aperuisset, fecerat, coeperat, fuisset, habuerat, discesserat, dixerat, fuissent, fuisses
• Pres (5208; 50% of non-empty Tense): est, sunt, esse, inquit, sit, habet, sum, es, facere, potest
• EMPTY (61): fiebat, fieret, Miserandam, Multandum, Mutandum, agendo, amplexaret, aperiundum, augendi, avertendum

Paradigm sum1	Pres	Fut	Past	Pqp
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			eram
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			eras
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			erat
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			erant
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			essem
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			esses
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			esset, foret
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			essemus
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			essent, forent
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin		fuero	fui
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuit
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			fuimus
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerunt, fuere
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			fueris
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerit
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerint
Aspect=Perf|Number=Sing|Person=3			fruit
Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf			fuisse
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futuram
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurum
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurum
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futura
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	esto	esto
Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	este
Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		sunto
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sum	ero		fueram
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	es	eris
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	est	erit		fuerat
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sumus	erimus
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	estis
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sunt	erunt		fuerant
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sim
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	sis			fuisses
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sit			fuisset
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	simus
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	sitis
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sint			fuissent
VerbForm=Inf	esse	fore

X

3 X tokens (3% of all X tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

X tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Pqp (1; 33% of non-empty Tense): conlubuissent
• Pres (2; 67% of non-empty Tense): csse, decollari
• EMPTY (109): c, L, M, Q, P, Cn, D, quinque, ,, -

NOUN

1 NOUN tokens (0% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Tense co-occurred: Number=Sing (1; 100%), Case=Gen (1; 100%), Gender=Neut (1; 100%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Past (1; 100% of non-empty Tense): meriti
• EMPTY (12157): Trimalchio, res, rem, Catilina, terram, caelo, manu, nemo, dei, rei

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1342; 80%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (818; 54%), VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (276; 58%), VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (58; 81%), VERB –[nmod]–> VERB (45; 69%), VERB –[nsubj]–> VERB (43; 56%), VERB –[csubjpass]–> VERB (14; 56%), VERB –[acl]–> VERB (11; 52%), VERB –[amod]–> VERB (6; 55%), VERB –[cc]–> VERB (1; 100%).

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-ITTB)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 5 different values: Fut, Imp, Past, Pqp, Pres.

52088 tokens (18%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 5638 types (43%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 1038 lemmas (29%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 3 part-of-speech tags: VERB (50690; 17% instances), AUX (1397; 0% instances), NUM (1; 0% instances).

VERB

50690 VERB tokens (97% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Aspect=EMPTY (42229; 83%), Gender=EMPTY (41766; 82%), Degree=EMPTY (41654; 82%), Case=EMPTY (41654; 82%), Number=Sing (35637; 70%), VerbForm=Fin (35572; 70%), Voice=Act (35527; 70%), Person=3 (34562; 68%), Mood=Ind (29318; 58%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Fut (871; 2% of non-empty Tense): erit, poterit, sequetur, oportebit, erunt, habebit, dicetur, ostendetur, fuerit, apparebit
• Imp (1572; 3% of non-empty Tense): esset, posset, essent, erat, sequeretur, oporteret, cognosceret, dicebant, haberet, possent
• Past (6788; 13% of non-empty Tense): ostensum, separatae, dictum, probatum, separata, separatas, dictis, intellecta, praemissis, praedicta
• Pqp (68; 0% of non-empty Tense): fuisset, dixerat, fecerat, accepisset, dixisset, fuerant, fuissent, habuisset, patrarat, assumpsissent
• Pres (41391; 82% of non-empty Tense): est, esse, sit, sunt, potest, oportet, habet, dicitur, patet, dicit
• EMPTY (1825): dicendum, essendi, intelligendo, cognoscendo, agendo, sciendum, intelligendum, recipiendum, considerandum, ostendendum

Paradigm sum	Pres	Fut	Past	Imp	Pqp
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				erat
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				erant
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				esset, foret
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				essent
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		fuerit	fuit		fuerat
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerunt		fuerant
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerit		fuisset
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			fuerimus
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerint		fuissent
Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf			fuisse
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futuro
Case=Abl|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futuris
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futuros
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futuram
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	ens
Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part	entia
Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part	entium
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	ens
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part	ens
Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part	entia
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		esto
Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		estote
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sum	ero
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	es
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	est	erit
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sumus	erimus
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	estis
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sunt	erunt
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sit
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	simus
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sint
VerbForm=Inf	esse, necesse-esse	fore

AUX

1397 AUX tokens (100% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Tense co-occurred: Voice=Act (1397; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (1346; 96%), Person=3 (1339; 96%), Mood=Ind (1225; 88%), Number=Sing (1165; 83%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Fut (12; 1% of non-empty Tense): fuerit, erit, fuerint, erunt, fore
• Imp (10; 1% of non-empty Tense): essent, esset
• Past (43; 3% of non-empty Tense): fuit, fuerit, fuisse, fuerunt, fuerint
• Pqp (14; 1% of non-empty Tense): fuisset, fuerat, fuissent
• Pres (1318; 94% of non-empty Tense): est, sunt, sit, esse, sint, sum, es, sumus

Paradigm sum	Pres	Fut	Past	Imp	Pqp
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				esset
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin				essent
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		fuerit	fuit		fuerat
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		fuerint	fuerunt
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerit		fuisset
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerint		fuissent
Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf			fuisse
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sum
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	es
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	est	erit
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sumus
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sunt	erunt
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sit
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sint
VerbForm=Inf	esse	fore

NUM

1 NUM tokens (0% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Tense co-occurred: Case=Acc (1; 100%), Degree=Pos (1; 100%), NumType=Card (1; 100%), Gender=Neut (1; 100%), Number=Plur (1; 100%), NumForm=EMPTY (1; 100%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Pres (1; 100% of non-empty Tense): duo
• EMPTY (2098): unum, una, uno, unius, unam, unus, duo, iii, i, ii

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (3671; 60%), VERB –[xcomp]–> VERB (2236; 84%), VERB –[csubj]–> VERB (2054; 82%), VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1801; 85%), VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (1119; 58%), VERB –[csubjpass]–> VERB (228; 54%), VERB –[dep]–> VERB (195; 58%), VERB –[acl]–> VERB (112; 60%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (69; 88%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (15; 71%).

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Treebank Statistics (UD_Latin-PROIEL)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 4 different values: Fut, Past, Pqp, Pres.

39849 tokens (24%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 11568 types (49%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 1849 lemmas (26%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 1 part-of-speech tags: VERB (39849; 24% instances).

VERB

39849 VERB tokens (99% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (32918; 83%), Case=EMPTY (32836; 82%), Voice=Act (32154; 81%), VerbForm=Fin (28751; 72%), Number=Sing (24276; 61%), Aspect=EMPTY (23373; 59%), Mood=Ind (22072; 55%), Person=3 (20528; 52%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

• Fut (2657; 7% of non-empty Tense): erit, fuerit, erunt, dabo, faciam, venerit, venturus, dabit, futurum, faciet
• Past (15984; 40% of non-empty Tense): dixit, erat, esset, erant, fuit, venit, factum, facta, dixerunt, misit
• Pqp (1399; 4% of non-empty Tense): fuerat, venisset, fuisset, vidisset, dixisset, fecisset, venissent, venerant, fuerant, venerat
• Pres (19809; 50% of non-empty Tense): est, sunt, esse, ait, sum, dicit, dicens, sit, dico, dicentes
• EMPTY (584): faciendum, audiendi, scribendo, iurando, pugnandi, gerendi, praedandi, agenda, agendum, audiendum

Paradigm sum	Pres	Fut	Past	Pqp
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			eram
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			eras
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			erat
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			eramus
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			erant
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			essem
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			esses
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			esset
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			essemus
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			essetis
Aspect=Imp|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			essent
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin		fuero	fui
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		fueris	fuisti
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		fuerit	fuit
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin		fuerimus	fuimus
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		fueritis	fuistis
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		fuerint	fuerunt
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin			fuerim
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			fueris
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerit
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin			fueritis
Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin			fuerint
Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf			fuisse
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurum
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futuros
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futuram
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurum
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futura
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc,Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futurorum
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurus
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part		futurum
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part		futura
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		esto
Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin		esto
Mood=Imp|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin		estote
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sum	ero		fueram
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	es	eris
Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	est	erit		fuerat
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sumus	erimus		fueramus
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	estis	eritis
Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sunt	erunt		fuerant
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	sim			fuissem
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	sis			fuisses
Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sit			fuisset
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|VerbForm=Fin	simus			fuissemus
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=2|VerbForm=Fin	sitis			fuissetis
Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin	sint			fuissent
VerbForm=Inf	esse, fore

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (3789; 86%), VERB –[ccomp]–> VERB (1191; 52%), VERB –[csubjpass]–> VERB (179; 54%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (165; 55%), VERB –[nsubj]–> VERB (153; 62%), VERB –[dobj]–> VERB (134; 52%), VERB –[remnant]–> VERB (33; 83%), VERB –[advmod]–> VERB (2; 67%), VERB –[dep]–> VERB (2; 100%).

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Tense in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]

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