home edit page issue tracker

xcomp: open clausal complement

The xcomp relation is used for clausal complements of verbs which function like objects, but unlike ccomp lack an explicit subject. The reference of the subject is determined by an argument external to the xcomp clause, which means that the clause inherits its subject from higher up in the tree.

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
# visual-style 2 3 xcomp	color:blue
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
1	I	I	PRON	PRON	_	2	nsubj	_	_
2	want	want	VERB	VERB	_	0	root	_	_
3	drive	drive	VERB	VERB	_	2	xcomp	_	_
4	dis	this	DET	DET	_	5	det	_	_
5	car	car	NOUN	NOUN	_	3	obj	_	_


1	I	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	want	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	drive	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	this	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	car	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_

1	I	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	want	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	to	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	drive	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	this	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
6	car	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 1 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 2, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 7, 12 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "DET", [ [ 13, 16 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "NOUN", [ [ 17, 20 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T1", "_", [ [ 21, 22 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T2", "_", [ [ 23, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T3", "_", [ [ 28, 33 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T4", "_", [ [ 34, 38 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-T5", "_", [ [ 39, 42 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T1", "_", [ [ 43, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T2", "_", [ [ 45, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T3", "_", [ [ 50, 52 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T4", "_", [ [ 53, 58 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T5", "_", [ [ 59, 63 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-T6", "_", [ [ 64, 67 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S2-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S3-R5", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S3-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: I" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRON" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: want" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: drive" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: this" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: DET" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: car" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S2-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S3-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "embedded-1-S1-T3", "xcomp" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "1", null, null ],
    "text": "I want drive dis car\nI want drive this car\nI want to drive this car",
    "error": true
}

Secondary predicates

The xcomp relation is also used in constructions that are known as secondary predicates. In this type of construction there are two predicates mixed in one clause, and each of the predicates constitutes a core argument.

The 2 predicates in the following example are:

• something is given a name
• this name is “hemorrage”

edit

  

    
input
    
brat
    
info
  
# visual-style 6 7 xcomp	color:blue
# visual-style 6	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6	fgColor:white
# visual-style 7	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 7	fgColor:white
1	dat	that	PRON	PRO	_	3	nsubj	_	_
2	na	is	VERB	VERB	_	3	cop	_	_
3	whetin	what	PRON	PRON	_	0	root	_	_
4	dem	they	PRON	PRON	_	6	nsubj	_	_
5	dey	dey	AUX	AUX	_	6	aux	_	_
6	call	call	VERB	VERB	_	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	hemorrage	hemorrage	NOUN	NOUN	_	6	xcomp	_	_


1	that	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	be	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	what	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	they	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	CONT	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
6	call	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
7	hemorrage	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_

1	This	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
2	is	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
3	what	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
4	we	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
5	call	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
6	a	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
7	hemorrage	_	_	_	_	0	_	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 4, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "PRON", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "PRON", [ [ 14, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AUX", [ [ 18, 21 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "VERB", [ [ 22, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "NOUN", [ [ 27, 36 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T1", "_", [ [ 37, 41 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T2", "_", [ [ 42, 44 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T3", "_", [ [ 45, 49 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T4", "_", [ [ 50, 54 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T5", "_", [ [ 55, 59 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T6", "_", [ [ 60, 64 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-T7", "_", [ [ 65, 74 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T1", "_", [ [ 75, 79 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T2", "_", [ [ 80, 82 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T3", "_", [ [ 83, 87 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T4", "_", [ [ 88, 90 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T5", "_", [ [ 91, 95 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T6", "_", [ [ 96, 97 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-T7", "_", [ [ 98, 107 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "cop", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "nsubj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "aux", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R5", "acl:relcl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R6", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R5", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S2-R6", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S2-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S2-T7" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R0", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R1", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R2", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R3", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R4", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R5", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T6" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S3-R6", "_", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S3-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S3-T7" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: that" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRO" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: is" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: what" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRON" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: they" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRON" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: dey" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: AUX" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: call" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERB" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: hemorrage" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOUN" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S2-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S3-T7", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "embedded-2-S1-T7", "xcomp" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T6", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T7", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2", null, null ],
    "text": "dat na whetin dem dey call hemorrage\nthat be what they CONT call hemorrage\nThis is what we call a hemorrage",
    "error": true
}

---

xcomp in other languages: [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ka] [kk] [la] [ml] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

© 2014–2024 Universal Dependencies contributors. Site powered by Annodoc and brat

.