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xcomp: open clausal complement

An open clausal complement (xcomp) of a verb or an adjective is a predicative or clausal complement without its own subject. The reference of the subject is necessarily determined by an argument external to the xcomp

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# visual-style 3 4 xcomp	color:blue
# visual-style 4	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
1	Devers	_	ADP	PRE	_	2	case	_	_
2	Ardene	_	PROPN	NOMpro	_	3	obl	_	_
3	vit	_	VERB	VERcjg	_	0	root	_	_
4	venir	_	VERB	VERinf	_	3	xcomp	_	_
5	uns	_	DET	DETndf	_	6	det	_	_
6	leuparz	_	NOUN	NOMcom	_	3	obj	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "ADP", [ [ 0, 6 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "PROPN", [ [ 7, 13 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 14, 17 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "VERB", [ [ 18, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "DET", [ [ 24, 27 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "NOUN", [ [ 28, 35 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R0", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R1", "obl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R3", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R4", "det", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-1-S1-R5", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-1-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-1-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRE" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMpro" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERcjg" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERinf" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: DETndf" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMcom" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "embedded-1-S1-T4", "xcomp" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T4", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-1-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "1" ],
    "text": "Devers Ardene vit venir uns leuparz",
    "error": false
}

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# visual-style 3 5 xcomp	color:blue
# visual-style 5	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
1	En	_	ADP	PRE	_	2	case	_	_
2	France	_	PROPN	NOMpro	_	3	obl	_	_
3	irat	_	VERB	VERcjg	_	0	root	_	_
4	Carlemagne	_	PROPN	NOMpro	_	5	obj	_	_
5	querant	_	VERB	VERppa	_	3	xcomp	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "ADP", [ [ 0, 2 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "PROPN", [ [ 3, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "PROPN", [ [ 15, 25 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "VERB", [ [ 26, 33 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R0", "case", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R1", "obl", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R2", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R3", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-2-S1-R4", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-2-S1-T3" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-2-S1-T5" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRE" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMpro" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERcjg" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMpro" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERppa" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "embedded-2-S1-T5", "xcomp" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T5", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-2-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "2" ],
    "text": "En France irat Carlemagne querant",
    "error": false
}

The xcomp relation is also used in constructions that are known as secondary predicates or predicatives.

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input
    
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info
  
# visual-style 2 3 xcomp	color:blue
# visual-style 2	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2	fgColor:white
# visual-style 3	bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3	fgColor:white
1	Sin	_	PRON	ADVgen.PROper	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	getat	_	VERB	VERcjg	_	0	root	_	_
3	mort	_	VERB	VERppe	_	2	xcomp	_	_
4	Malpalin	_	PROPN	NOMpro	_	2	obj	_	_
5	de	_	ADP	PRE	_	4	flat	_	_
6	Nerbone	_	PROPN	NOMpro	_	4	flat	_	_
{
    "entities": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "PRON", [ [ 0, 3 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "VERB", [ [ 4, 9 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "VERB", [ [ 10, 14 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "PROPN", [ [ 15, 23 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "ADP", [ [ 24, 26 ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "PROPN", [ [ 27, 34 ] ] ]
    ],
    "attributes": [],
    "relations": [
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R0", "advmod", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T1" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R1", "root", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T0" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R2", "xcomp", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T3" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R3", "obj", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T2" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R4", "flat", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T5" ] ] ],
        [ "embedded-3-S1-R5", "flat", [ [ "arg1", "embedded-3-S1-T4" ], [ "arg2", "embedded-3-S1-T6" ] ] ]
    ],
    "comments": [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T1", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: ADVgen.PROper" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERcjg" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: VERppe" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T4", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMpro" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T5", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: PRE" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Lemma: _" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T6", "AnnotatorNotes", "Xpostag: NOMpro" ] ],
    "styles": [ [ [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "embedded-3-S1-T3", "xcomp" ], "color", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T2", "fgColor", "white" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "bgColor", "blue" ], [ "embedded-3-S1-T3", "fgColor", "white" ] ],
    "sentlabels": [ "3" ],
    "text": "Sin getat mort Malpalin de Nerbone",
    "error": false
}

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xcomp in other languages: [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ka] [kk] [la] [ml] [no] [pa] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]

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