obj: object
Objects are required nominal arguments of transitive verbs which are not subjects. That is, the verb does not exhibit agreement with them. Objects are often semantically patients.
ויבאו שני המלאכים סדמה בערב ולוט ישב בשער־סדם וירא־לוט ויקם לקראתם וישתחו אפים ארצה׃
ṿayavoʼu shene hamalʼakhim sedomah baʻerev ṿeloṭ yoshev beshaʻar sedom ṿayarʼ loṭ ṿayaḳam liḳraʼtam ṿayishtaḥu ʼapayim ʼartsah
And the two messengers went to Sodom in the evening and Lot was sitting in the gate of Sodom and Lot saw and he rose to meet them and he bowed [his] nose toward the ground.
Here אפים /ʼapayim/ “nose” is the thing being bowed or lowered.
When an object is definite, it will generally be preceded by the preposition את /ʼet/.
בראשית ברא אלהים את השמים ואת הארץ׃
bereʼshit baraʼ ʼelohim ʼet hashamayim ṿeʼet haʼarets
In the beginning, God created the sky and the ground.
The presence of את /ʼet/ is usually a good indicator that something is an object. However, there are cases where את /ʼet/ has a comitative reading (so “with”). In such cases the noun will instead be obl or the predicate.
ויהי אלהים את־הנער ויגדל וישב במדבר ויהי רבה קשת׃
ṿayhi ʼelohim ʼet hanaʻar ṿayigdal ṿayeshev bamidbar ṿayhi roveh ḳashat
And God was with the lad, and he grew, and he lived in the wilderness, and he was a bowman.
Conversely, the presence of any other preposition nearly always indicates that the phrase in question is not an object. There is, however, an exception for the preposition מן /min/ “from”, which occasionally indicates a partitive.
ויתן־לך האלהים מטל השמים ומשמני הארץ ורב דגן ותירש׃
ṿeyiten lekha haʼelohim miṭal hashamayim umishmane haʼarets ṿerov dagan ṿetirosh
And may God give to you some of the dew of the skies and some of the fat of the land and a multitude of corn and wine.
In many cases, such phrases are ambiguous between a partitive reading and a source reading (which would be obl). Here the partitive reading is preferable due to the coordination with the non-partitive ורב דגן ותירש /ṿerov dagan ṿetirosh/ “and a multitude of corn and wine”.
Pronominal suffixes which are attached to verbs are nearly always objects when the verb is finite.
תהמת יכסימו ירדו במצולת כמו־אבן׃
tehomot yekhasyumu yardu bimtsolot kemo ʼaven
The sea covered them; they descended into the depths like a stone.
On the other hand, when the verb in an infinitive, pronominal suffixes are most often subjects.
והקטיר עליו אהרן קטרת סמים בבקר בבקר בהיטיבו את־הנרת יקטירנה׃
ṿehiḳṭir ʻalaṿ ʼaharon ḳeṭoret samim baboḳer baboḳer beheṭivo ʼet hanerot yaḳṭirenah
And Aaron shall burn upon it the smoke of the perfume in the morning; when he lights the lamps, he shall burn it.
obj in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kmr] [ky] [mr] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [uz] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]