iobj: indirect object
The indirect object of a verb is any nominal phrase that is a core argument of the verb but is not its subject or direct object. The prototypical example is the recipient of ditransitive verbs of exchange:
# visual-style 2 4 iobj color:blue
1 Ջուր ջուր NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing 2 obj _ _
2 տուր տալ VERB _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=2|Subcat=Tran|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
3 ծարւած ծարւիլ VERB _ Aspect=Perf|Polarity=Pos|Style=Var|Subcat=Intr|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid 4 acl _ _
4 լերդիս լերդ NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Number[psor]=Sing|Person[psor]=1 2 iobj _ SpaceAfter=No
5 : : PUNCT _ Foreign=Yes 2 punct _ _
Middle Armenian allows other semantic roles as additional objects. The morphological Case of the objects is dictated by verb valency.
If there is just one object, it should likely be obj unless it is morphosyntactically more similar to clear cases of iobj. This is an amended policy of UD as described on the changes page.
# visual-style 2 4 obj color:blue
1 օձն օձ NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _
2 խայթէ խայթ VERB _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Tran|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
3-4 զմարդն _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3 զ զ ADP _ AdpType=Prep 4 case _ _
4 մարդն մարդ NOUN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 2 obj _ _
# visual-style 4 3 iobj color:blue
1-2 յայլ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1 յ ի ADP _ AdpType=Prep 3 case _ _
2 այլ այլ DET _ PronType=Ind 3 det _ _
3 դատաւորքն դատաւոր NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Number=Plur 4 iobj _ _
4 թողու թողուլ VERB _ Aspect=Prosp|Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Subcat=Tran|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ _
When there is a clausal complement, then the clausal complement is regarded as a “clausal direct object” and an object nominal will be an iobj, parallel to
the simple ditransitive case:
# visual-style 4 3 iobj color:blue
# visual-style 4 7 ccomp color:blue
1 եւ եւ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ _
2 երկին երակ NOUN _ Animacy=Nhum|Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss _ _
3 տիրոջն տէր NOUN _ Animacy=Hum|Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Number=Sing 4 iobj _ _
4 հարցնեն հարցնել VERB _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Polarity=Pos|Style=Arch|Subcat=Tran|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ _
6 թե թե SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ _
7-8 ինչպե՞ս _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
7 ինչպես ինչպես PRON _ Case=Nom|Definite=Ind|Number=Sing|PronType=Int 4 ccomp _ _
8 ՞ ՞ PUNCT _ _ 7 punct _ _
9 ես եմ AUX _ Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Polarity=Pos|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _
iobj in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fr] [fro] [gsw] [gub] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [la] [lt] [naq] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [ssp] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [vi] [xcl] [yue] [zh]