Tense: tense
The feature marks the tense of the verb.
Pres: Present
Examples
- [ab] с-у-фо-ма [DO.1Sg-Subj.2SgM-eat-Pres.NonFin.Q] ‘do you eat me?’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Masc|Mood=Int|Number[obj]=Sing|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[obj]=1|Person[subj]=2|Tense=Pres|Trans=Yes|VerbForm=NonFin
Fut: Future 1
Examples
- [ab] и-с-фа-п [DO.3-Subj.1Sg-eat-Fut1] ‘I will eat it’
Dyn=Yes|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[obj]=3|Person[subj]=1|Tense=Fut|Trans=Yes|VerbForm=Fin
Fut2: Future 2
Examples
- [ab] и-р-фа-ша [DO.Rel-Subj.3Pl-eat-Fut2.NonFin] ‘what they are going to eat’
Dyn=Yes|Number[subj]=Plur|Person[obj]=Rel|Person[subj]=3|Tense=Fut2|Trans=Yes|VerbForm=NonFin
Cnd: Conditional 1
Past equivalent to Future 1. The Cnd is used in the apodosis for contrary-to-fact condictions.
Examples
- [ab] и-з-л-и-х-рыз [DO.3-LO.Rel-Pv-Subj.3SgM-take.out-Cnd1.NonFin] ‘which he would take out’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Masc|Tense=Cnd|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[lo]=Rel|Person[obj]=3|Person[subj]=3|Tense=Cnd|Trans=Yes|VerbForm=NonFin
Cnd2: Conditional 2
Past equivalent to Future 2.
Examples
- [ab] д-ца-ша.м.ызт [Subj.3SgH-go-Neg.Cnd2] ‘(s)he would not have gone’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Com|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[subj]=3|Polarity=Neg|Tense=Cnd2|Trans=No|VerbForm=Fin
Past: Past of static verbs or Past Indefinite of dynamic verbs
Examples
| Dyn=Yes | Mood=Sub | Person[subj]=3 | Tense=Past | Trans=No | VerbForm=Fin |
- [ab] с-ца-н [Subj.1Sg-go-Past] ‘I went and …’
Dyn=Yes|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[subj]=1|Tense=Past|Trans=No|VerbForm=Fin
Aor: Aorist
Examples
- [ab] и-л-ҳәе-ит [DO.3-Subj.3SgF-say-Aor] ‘she said it’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Fem|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[obj]=3|Person[subj]=3|Tense=Aor|Trans=Yes|VerbForm=Fin
Imp: Imperfect
Examples
- [ab] с-цо-н [Subj.1Sg-go-Imp] ‘I was going’
Dyn=Yes|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[subj]=1|Tense=Imp|Trans=No|VerbForm=Fin
Prf: Perfect
Examples
- [ab] ø-с-аҳа-хье.ит [Subj.3-IO.1Sg-hear-Perfect] ‘I have heard it’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Neut|Number[io]=Sing|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[io]=1|Person[subj]=3|Tense=Prf|Trans=No|VerbForm=Fin
Pqp: Plusquamperfect
Examples
- [ab] ø-с-аҳа-хьа.н [Subj.3-IO.1Sg-hear-Pluperf] ‘I had heard it’
Dyn=Yes|Gender[subj]=Neut|Number[io]=Sing|Number[subj]=Sing|Person[io]=1|Person[subj]=3|Tense=Pqp|Trans=No|VerbForm=Fin
Tense in other languages: [ab] [abq] [aqz] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [el] [en] [es] [fi] [fr] [ga] [gn] [gub] [ha] [hu] [hy] [it] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [pcm] [qpm] [ru] [sah] [say] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urb] [urj]