Person: person
Person is a feature of personal and possessive pronouns, and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (Russian is a pro-drop language).
1: first person
In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.
Examples
- делаю “I do”
- делаем “we do”
2: second person
In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.
Examples
- делаешь “you.
Singdo” - делаете “you.
Plurdo”
3: third person
The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.
Examples
- делает “he/she/it does”
- делают “they do”
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
3495 tokens (4%) have a non-empty value of Person.
1049 types (4%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
744 lemmas (4%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (2140; 2% instances), ru-pos/PRON (909; 1% instances), ru-pos/DET (410; 0% instances), ru-pos/AUX (36; 0% instances).
VERB
2140 ru-pos/VERB tokens (24% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (2140; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (2140; 100%), Animacy=EMPTY (2139; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (2139; 100%), Voice=EMPTY (2139; 100%), Case=EMPTY (2139; 100%), Mood=Ind (2105; 98%), Aspect=Imp (2040; 95%), Tense=Pres (2011; 94%), Number=Sing (1559; 73%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(33; 2% of non-emptyPerson): bin, видим, знаем, очистим, рассмотрим, Am, Must, Благодарю, Думаю, Наложим2(37; 2% of non-emptyPerson): см., Come, Join, Create, Hide, Libera, Raise, Ram, Shoot, Stay3(2070; 97% of non-emptyPerson): является, составляет, может, находится, входит, имеет, есть, занимает, могут, являютсяEMPTY(6640): был, было, стал, были, получил, можно, родился, была, начал, работал
| Paradigm ХОТЕТЬ | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number=Sing | хочет | ||
| Number=Plur | хотим | хотите |
Person seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 97% lemmas (693) occur only with one value of Person.
PRON
909 ru-pos/PRON tokens (47% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: Animacy=EMPTY (909; 100%), Number=Sing (683; 75%), Case=Nom (481; 53%).
PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(71; 8% of non-emptyPerson): я, мы, нам, нас, мне, меня, I, Ich, We, me2(20; 2% of non-emptyPerson): вы, вам, Ye, тебе, You, ti, вас, тебя, тобою, ты3(818; 90% of non-emptyPerson): он, она, они, его, ему, им, их, них, него, нимEMPTY(1006): который, это, которые, того, что, которой, тем, которых, себя, которого
Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 100% lemmas (19) occur only with one value of Person.
DET
410 ru-pos/DET tokens (26% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (410; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (373; 91%), Case=EMPTY (359; 88%), Number=EMPTY (359; 88%), Animacy=EMPTY (359; 88%).
DET tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(47; 11% of non-emptyPerson): н., наших, наши, наше, нашей, моей, мой, моя, нашего, mia2(4; 1% of non-emptyPerson): твоего, Твой3(359; 88% of non-emptyPerson): его, её, их, ееEMPTY(1188): этого, все, своей, этот, the, всех, том, то, это, свою
AUX
36 ru-pos/AUX tokens (6% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (36; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (36; 100%), Mood=Ind (36; 100%), Aspect=Imp (35; 97%), Tense=Fut (32; 89%), Number=Sing (26; 72%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(2; 6% of non-emptyPerson): Don, re3(34; 94% of non-emptyPerson): будет, будут, Has, estEMPTY(584): был, была, было, были, быть, будучи, Be, бывшего, бывшим
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (172; 76%),
VERB –[appos]–> VERB (2; 100%),
VERB –[vocative]–> PRON (2; 100%).
Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.
40910 tokens (4%) have a non-empty value of Person.
7863 types (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
3087 lemmas (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person.
The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/VERB (38873; 4% instances), ru-pos/AUX (2037; 0% instances).
VERB
38873 ru-pos/VERB tokens (32% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Case=EMPTY (38873; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (38873; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (38873; 100%), Mood=Ind (37884; 97%), Voice=Act (36759; 95%), Aspect=Imp (32865; 85%), Tense=Pres (32316; 83%), Number=Sing (24902; 64%).
VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(3388; 9% of non-emptyPerson): скажем, думаю, знаю, можем, могу, хочу, видим, помню, хотим, считаю2(2046; 5% of non-emptyPerson): см., знаете, можете, давайте, хотите, видите, помните, представьте, давай, хочешь3(33439; 86% of non-emptyPerson): может, есть, нет, могут, является, говорит, стоит, идет, имеет, говорятEMPTY(81597): было, стал, быть, сказал, стало, стали, сделать, сказать, мог, делать
| Paradigm мочь | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aspect=Imp|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres | могу | можешь | может |
| Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | можем | можете | могут |
| Aspect=Perf|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut | смогу | сможешь | сможет |
| Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut | сможем | сможете | смогут |
AUX
2037 ru-pos/AUX tokens (25% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.
The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (2037; 100%), Aspect=Imp (2037; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (2037; 100%), Voice=Act (2037; 100%), Tense=Pres (2011; 99%), Mood=Ind (2011; 99%), Number=Sing (1318; 65%).
AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:
1(151; 7% of non-emptyPerson): будем, буду, есть2(61; 3% of non-emptyPerson): будь, будете, будешь, будьте, есть3(1825; 90% of non-emptyPerson): будет, будут, есть, сутьEMPTY(5979): было, был, были, была, быть, будучи, бывшие, бывший, бывшем
| Paradigm быть | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mood=Imp|Number=Sing | будь | ||
| Mood=Imp|Number=Plur | будьте | ||
| Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres | буду, есть | будешь, есть | будет, есть |
| Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres | будем | будете, есть | будут, есть, суть |
Relations with Agreement in Person
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person:
VERB –[conj]–> VERB (3895; 70%),
VERB –[appos]–> VERB (15; 100%),
VERB –[name]–> VERB (2; 100%).
Person in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]