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Animacy: animacy

Similarly to Gender, animacy is a lexical feature of nouns and inflectional feature of other parts of speech that mark agreement with nouns. It is independent of gender, therefore it is encoded separately in some tagsets (e.g. all the Multext-East tagsets).

Anim: animate

Human beings, animals, fictional characters, names of professions etc. are all animate. Even nouns that are normally inanimate can be inflected as animate if they are personified. For instance, consider a children’s story about cars where cars live and talk as people; then the cars may become and be inflected as animates.

PDT examples of masculine animate nouns:

Inan: inanimate

Nouns that are not animate are inanimate.

RNC (Russian Narional Corpus) examples of masculine inanimate nouns:


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

51827 tokens (52%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 26486 types (88%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 15956 lemmas (85%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 8 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/NOUN (27197; 27% instances), ru-pos/ADJ (12314; 12% instances), ru-pos/PROPN (7074; 7% instances), ru-pos/VERB (2066; 2% instances), ru-pos/DET (1239; 1% instances), ru-pos/NUM (1013; 1% instances), ru-pos/PRON (922; 1% instances), ru-pos/AUX (2; 0% instances).

NOUN

27197 ru-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (20473; 75%), Gender=Masc (13649; 50%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ГОДAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгод, года
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurгоды, лет, годов
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plurгоды
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгоду
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurгодам
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгода
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurлет, годов
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгодом
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurгодами
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгодугоду
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurгодах, годы
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singгод
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurгоды

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (6327) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

12314 ru-pos/ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (9590; 78%), Variant=Full (9394; 76%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ПЕРВЫЙAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервый
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singпервую
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singпервое
Case=Acc|Number=Plurпервые
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервому
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервогопервого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singпервойпервой
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singпервого
Case=Gen|Number=Plurпервыхпервых
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервымпервым
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singпервой
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Singпервым
Case=Ins|Number=Plurпервыми
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервом
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singпервой
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singпервом
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singпервыйпервый
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singпервая
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singпервое
Case=Nom|Number=Plurпервыепервые

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 91% lemmas (3445) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PROPN

7074 ru-pos/PROPN tokens (100% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (6837; 97%), Gender=Masc (4907; 69%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ДЕAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Mascде
Case=Gen|Gender=Mascде
Case=Ins|Gender=Mascде
Case=Ins|Gender=Femде
Case=Loc|Gender=MascдеДе
Case=Nom|Gender=Mascде
Case=Nom|Gender=Neutде

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (4839) occur only with one value of Animacy.

VERB

2066 ru-pos/VERB tokens (24% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: Mood=EMPTY (2066; 100%), VerbForm=Part (2066; 100%), Person=EMPTY (2065; 100%), Tense=Past (1660; 80%), Aspect=Perf (1561; 76%), Voice=Pass (1476; 71%), Number=Sing (1423; 69%), Case=Nom (1370; 66%), Variant=EMPTY (1119; 54%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm СТАТЬAnimInan
Case=Gen|Number=Plurставших
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singставшим
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singставший
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=SingСтавшая
Case=Nom|Number=Plurставшиеставшие

DET

1239 ru-pos/DET tokens (78% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (1188; 96%), Reflex=EMPTY (981; 79%), Number=Sing (851; 69%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ЭТОТAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтогоэтот
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэту
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэто
Case=Acc|Number=PlurЭтихэти
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтому
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтому
Case=Dat|Number=Plurэтимэтим
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтогоэтого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой, это
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтого
Case=Gen|Number=Plurэтихэтих
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтим
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтим
Case=Ins|Number=Plurэтимиэтими
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтомэтом
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэтой
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэтом
Case=Loc|Number=Plurэтих
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singэтотэтот
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singэта
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singэто
Case=Nom|Number=Plurэти

NUM

1013 ru-pos/NUM tokens (50% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: Number=EMPTY (697; 69%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm ОДИНAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singодногоодин
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singодну
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singодно, одного
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singодномуодному
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singодной
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singодногоодного
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singодной
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singодногоодного
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singоднимодним
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singоднойодной
Case=Ins|Gender=Neut|Number=Singодним
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singодном
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plurодних
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singодной
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singодном
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singодинодин
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singоднаодна
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singодно

PRON

922 ru-pos/PRON tokens (48% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Animacy co-occurred: Person=EMPTY (922; 100%), Number=Sing (774; 84%), Gender=Neut (476; 52%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm КОТОРЫЙAnimInan
Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторого, которыйкоторый
Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторуюкоторую
Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторое, которого
Case=Acc|Number=Plurкоторые
Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторомукоторому
Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторой
Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторому
Case=Dat|Number=Plurкоторымкоторым
Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторогокоторого
Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторойкоторой
Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторого
Case=Gen|Number=Plurкоторыхкоторых
Case=Ins|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторымкоторым
Case=Ins|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторойкоторой
Case=Ins|Number=Plurкоторымикоторыми
Case=Loc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкотором
Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкоторой
Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкотором
Case=Loc|Number=Plurкоторых
Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторыйкоторый
Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Singкотораякоторая
Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторое
Case=Nom|Number=Plurкоторыекоторые

AUX

2 ru-pos/AUX tokens (0% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Animacy co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (2; 100%), Aspect=Imp (2; 100%), Number=Sing (2; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (2; 100%), Gender=Masc (2; 100%), Tense=Past (2; 100%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (10154; 100%), NOUN –[nmod]–> NOUN (6891; 81%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (1774; 95%), NOUN –[appos]–> PROPN (1222; 94%), NOUN –[nmod]–> PROPN (1071; 65%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (990; 100%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (908; 72%), NOUN –[acl]–> VERB (902; 92%), NOUN –[appos]–> NOUN (778; 85%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (579; 99%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Russian-SynTagRus)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Anim, Inan.

321913 tokens (30%) have a non-empty value of Animacy. 59567 types (52%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. 25578 lemmas (61%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Animacy. The feature is used with 5 part-of-speech tags: ru-pos/NOUN (271177; 25% instances), ru-pos/PROPN (37448; 4% instances), ru-pos/ADJ (10546; 1% instances), ru-pos/NUM (1420; 0% instances), ru-pos/VERB (1322; 0% instances).

NOUN

271177 ru-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (191749; 71%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm человекAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=Singчеловека
Case=Acc|Number=Plurлюдей
Case=Dat|Number=Singчеловеку
Case=Dat|Number=Plurлюдям
Case=Gen|Number=Singчеловека, чел.
Case=Gen|Number=Plurлюдей, человек, чел., человеков, челчел
Case=Ins|Number=Singчеловеком
Case=Ins|Number=Plurлюдьми
Case=Loc|Number=Singчеловеке
Case=Loc|Number=Plurлюдях
Case=Nom|Number=Singчеловек
Case=Nom|Number=Plurлюди

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of NOUN. 99% lemmas (16349) occur only with one value of Animacy.

PROPN

37448 ru-pos/PROPN tokens (94% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Animacy co-occurred: Number=Sing (35808; 96%), Gender=Masc (24017; 64%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm владимирAnimInan
Case=Acc|Number=SingВладимираВладимир
Case=Dat|Number=SingВладимиру
Case=Gen|Number=SingВладимира
Case=Ins|Number=SingВладимиромВладимиром
Case=Nom|Number=SingВладимир
Владимиро

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of PROPN. 99% lemmas (7504) occur only with one value of Animacy.

ADJ

10546 ru-pos/ADJ tokens (9% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Animacy co-occurred: Case=Acc (10545; 100%), Degree=Pos (10485; 99%), Gender=EMPTY (6073; 58%), Number=Plur (6073; 58%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm которыйAnimInan
Gender=Masc|Number=Singкоторогокоторый
Gender=Neut|Number=Singкоторые
Number=Plurкоторыхкоторые

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of ADJ. 91% lemmas (2341) occur only with one value of Animacy.

NUM

1420 ru-pos/NUM tokens (9% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Animacy co-occurred: Case=Acc (1420; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (786; 55%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm одинAnimInan
одни
Gender=Mascодногоодин

VERB

1322 ru-pos/VERB tokens (1% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Animacy.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Animacy co-occurred: VerbForm=Part (1322; 100%), Mood=EMPTY (1322; 100%), Person=EMPTY (1322; 100%), Case=Acc (1322; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (790; 60%), Number=Plur (790; 60%), Tense=Past (734; 56%), Voice=Act (683; 52%), Aspect=Perf (667; 50%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Animacy:

Paradigm получатьAnimInan
Aspect=Imp|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Passполучаемые
Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Actполучившего
Aspect=Perf|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Passполученный
Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Actполучившихполучившие
Aspect=Perf|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|Voice=Passполученные

Animacy seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 90% lemmas (626) occur only with one value of Animacy.

Relations with Agreement in Animacy

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Animacy: NOUN –[nmod]–> NOUN (61258; 83%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (17640; 95%), NOUN –[nmod]–> PROPN (6416; 62%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (5202; 100%), NOUN –[appos]–> PROPN (4872; 94%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> NOUN (4121; 91%), NOUN –[parataxis]–> NOUN (2326; 87%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (2090; 97%), NOUN –[appos]–> NOUN (1615; 90%), PROPN –[nmod]–> NOUN (1154; 82%).


Animacy in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]