This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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Person: person

Person is a feature of personal and possessive pronouns, and of verbs. On verbs it is in fact an agreement feature that marks the person of the verb’s subject. Person marked on verbs makes it unnecessary to always add a personal pronoun as subject and thus subjects are sometimes dropped (Czech is a pro-drop language).

1: first person

In singular, the first person refers just to the speaker / author. In plural, it must include the speaker and one or more additional persons.

Examples

2: second person

In singular, the second person refers to the addressee of the utterance / text. In plural, it may mean several addressees and optionally some third persons too.

Examples

3: third person

The third person refers to one or more persons that are neither speakers nor addressees.

Examples


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.

108587 tokens (7%) have a non-empty value of Person. 9572 types (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. 3740 lemmas (6%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (76683; 5% instances), cs-pos/AUX (11357; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON (11269; 1% instances), cs-pos/DET (9278; 1% instances).

VERB

76683 cs-pos/VERB tokens (46% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (76681; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (76681; 100%), Voice=Act (75724; 99%), Mood=Ind (75722; 99%), Tense=Pres (74167; 97%), Negative=Pos (67221; 88%), Number=Sing (54532; 71%), Aspect=EMPTY (41111; 54%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:

Paradigm být123
Abbr=Yes|Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actj
Mood=Cnd|Number=Singbych
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plur|Style=Collbysme
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plurbychom
Mood=Imp|Negative=Neg|Number=PlurNebuďte
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Archbuď
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singbuďbudiž
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=PlurBuďmebuďte
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|Voice=ActNení
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudunebudešnebude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsemnení
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnésó
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudemenebudetenebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsmenejstenejsou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjest
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Coll|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actsi
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudubude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsemjsije
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudemebudetebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsmejstejsou

AUX

11357 cs-pos/AUX tokens (55% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (11357; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (11357; 100%), Voice=Act (7893; 69%), Mood=Ind (7893; 69%), Negative=Pos (7377; 65%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:

Paradigm být123
Mood=Cnd|Number=Singbychbys
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plurbychombyste
Mood=Cndby
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singbudiž
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Style=Archbudiž
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=ActnebuduNebudešnebude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnení
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudemenebudetenebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsmenejsou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Coll|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actsi
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudubudešbude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsemjsije
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Style=Coll|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudem
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudemebudetebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsmejstejsou

PRON

11269 cs-pos/PRON tokens (16% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (11269; 100%), PronType=Prs (11259; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (9251; 82%), Gender=EMPTY (6687; 59%), Number=Sing (5834; 52%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:

Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 100% lemmas (22) occur only with one value of Person.

DET

9278 cs-pos/DET tokens (33% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (9278; 100%), Poss=Yes (9278; 100%), PronType=Prs (8630; 93%), Gender=EMPTY (5892; 64%), Case=EMPTY (5406; 58%), Number=EMPTY (4995; 54%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (4946; 53%), Number[psor]=Sing (4765; 51%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Person:

Relations with Agreement in Person

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (5222; 59%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (72; 56%), PRON –[acl]–> PRON (1; 100%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CAC)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 3 different values: 1, 2, 3.

40952 tokens (8%) have a non-empty value of Person. 5610 types (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. 2552 lemmas (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (28970; 6% instances), cs-pos/AUX (4596; 1% instances), cs-pos/DET (3886; 1% instances), cs-pos/PRON (3500; 1% instances).

VERB

28970 cs-pos/VERB tokens (55% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (28970; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (28970; 100%), Mood=Ind (28504; 98%), Voice=Act (28504; 98%), Tense=Pres (28131; 97%), Negative=Pos (26306; 91%), Number=Sing (18704; 65%), Aspect=EMPTY (15315; 53%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:

Paradigm být123
Mood=Imp|Negative=Neg|Number=SingNebuď
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singbuďbudiž
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Plurbuďmebuďte
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudunebude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsemnení
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudemenebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsmenejstenejsou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjest
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Style=Coll|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actseš
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudubude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsemjsije
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudemebudetebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsmejstejsou

AUX

4596 cs-pos/AUX tokens (75% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: Gender=EMPTY (4596; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (4596; 100%), Voice=Act (2528; 55%), Mood=Ind (2528; 55%), Negative=Pos (2406; 52%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:

Paradigm být123
Mood=Cnd|Number=Singbychbys
Mood=Cnd|Number=Plurbychombyste
Mood=Cndby
Mood=Imp|Negative=Pos|Number=Singbudiž
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudunebudešnebude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnení
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actnebudemenebudetenebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Neg|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actnejsou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudubudešbude
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsemjsi, sije
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|Voice=Actbudemebudetebudou
Mood=Ind|Negative=Pos|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Actjsmejstejsou

DET

3886 cs-pos/DET tokens (35% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (3886; 100%), Poss=Yes (3886; 100%), PronType=Prs (3547; 91%), Gender=EMPTY (2394; 62%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (2327; 60%), Case=EMPTY (2242; 58%), Number[psor]=Plur (2236; 58%), Number=EMPTY (2064; 53%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Person:

PRON

3500 cs-pos/PRON tokens (14% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (3499; 100%), PronType=Prs (3491; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (3010; 86%), Gender=EMPTY (2196; 63%), Number=Plur (1873; 54%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:

Person seems to be lexical feature of PRON. 100% lemmas (11) occur only with one value of Person.

Relations with Agreement in Person

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (2751; 71%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (14; 78%), VERB –[vocative]–> PRON (1; 100%), VERB –[foreign]–> PRON (1; 100%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Czech-CLTT)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 1 different values: 3.

2167 tokens (6%) have a non-empty value of Person. 369 types (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. 227 lemmas (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Person. The feature is used with 4 part-of-speech tags: cs-pos/VERB (1806; 5% instances), cs-pos/DET (216; 1% instances), cs-pos/AUX (74; 0% instances), cs-pos/PRON (71; 0% instances).

VERB

1806 cs-pos/VERB tokens (72% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Person co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (1806; 100%), Mood=Ind (1806; 100%), Voice=Act (1806; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (1806; 100%), Tense=Pres (1802; 100%), Negative=Pos (1566; 87%), Number=Sing (1197; 66%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Person:

Person seems to be lexical feature of VERB. 100% lemmas (224) occur only with one value of Person.

DET

216 cs-pos/DET tokens (36% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Person co-occurred: Poss=Yes (216; 100%), PronType=Prs (195; 90%), Case=EMPTY (189; 88%), Gender=EMPTY (184; 85%), Number=EMPTY (180; 83%), Number[psor]=Sing (111; 51%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Person:

AUX

74 cs-pos/AUX tokens (44% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Person co-occurred: Animacy=EMPTY (74; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (74; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (74; 100%), Mood=Ind (58; 78%), Voice=Act (58; 78%), Negative=Pos (45; 61%), Tense=Pres (40; 54%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Person:

PRON

71 cs-pos/PRON tokens (6% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Person.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Person co-occurred: PronType=Prs (71; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (71; 100%), Variant=EMPTY (70; 99%), Number=Sing (36; 51%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Person:

Relations with Agreement in Person

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Person: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (171; 84%), VERB –[advcl]–> VERB (57; 59%), VERB –[parataxis]–> VERB (27; 87%), VERB –[csubjpass]–> VERB (1; 100%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (1; 100%).


Person in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]