Voice: voice
Voice
For Indo-European speakers, voice means mainly the active-(medio)-passive distinction. In other languages, other shades of verb meaning are categorized as voice.
In Pomak all verb forms are marked by the Voice=Act feature except for those of the passive participles, which use the Voice=Pass feature.
Act: active voice
The subject of the verb is the doer of the action (agent), the object is affected by the action (patient).
Examples
- acístihme mǽstoto i zagradíhme go “we cleaned up the field and fenced it”
- dečjáta so najédaho i zlézaho navón da igrót “the children have eaten and gone out to play”
- čúdem so kak móža da stáne pó koláj inázi rábata “I am thinking about how that job can be done more easily”
- slúšyj kaná še tí kážom “listen to what I have to tell you”
- atkócaho mi só rakýse vódo nóseva “my hands have been cut off carrying water”
- cóntiti cóntiti sas itózek sáza mi razbí glavóso “with all this drin and drin of that saz (musical instrument) of yours you have given me a headache”
Pass: passive voice
The subject of the verb is affected by the action (patient). The doer (agent) is either unexpressed or appears as an object of the verb.
Examples
- tomofílen je udrít at stranóno “the car is crashed from asides”
- játoso je svaréno i žýjen íšte móža da sí sýpe da jedé “the food is cooked (ready) and whoever wants may serve themselves and eat”
- kóštana je gradéna 20 godíny napréš “the house was built 20 years ago”
- cvetjéno je avénato i íšte zalívaņe “the flowers are wilted and need watering”
- póten je adbáven na mlógo mestá “the road is damaged in many parts”
Voice in other languages: [abq] [am] [arr] [bej] [bg] [bor] [ceb] [cs] [el] [eme] [en] [fi] [fr] [gn] [gub] [ha] [hu] [hy] [jaa] [ka] [ky] [myu] [pay] [qpm] [qtd] [quc] [ru] [sv] [tl] [tpn] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urb] [urj] [xcl]