This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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Case: case

Case is an inflectional feature of adjectives, determiners, nouns, numerals, pronouns and proper nouns, as well as a valency (lexical) feature of adpositions.

Slovenian morphology distinguishes six cases: Nom, Gen, Dat, Acc, Loc and Ins.

Nom: nominative

The base form of the noun, also used as citation form (lemma). This is the word form usually used for subjects of clauses and answers the question Kdo ali kaj (je)? “Who or what (is there)?”.

Gen: genitive

In addition to its prototypical meaning of a noun modifying another noun, genitive in Slovenian is used in certain syntactic positions, such as negation, or with certain prepositions. Word form in genetive answers the question Koga ali česa (ni)? “Who or what (is not there)?”

Dat: dative

This is the word form often used for indirect objects of verbs. It answers the question Komu ali čemu (dam)? “To whom or what (do I give)?”

Acc: accusative

This is the word form most frequently used for direct objects of verbs. It answers the question Koga ali kaj (vidim)? “Who or what (do I see)?”

Loc: locative

The locative case often expresses location in space or time, but non-locational meanings also exist. The locative word form answers the question O kom ali čem (govorim)? “Of whom or what (do I speak)?” and usually appears with a preposition.

Ins: instrumental

The instrumental case often expresses the instrument, means or accompaniment of an action, but other meanings also exist. The instrumental word form answers the question S kom ali čim (delam)? “With whom or what (do I work)?”

Conversion from JOS

Tokens with feature Case=nominative are converted to Case=Nom, tokens with feature Case=genitive are converted to Case=Gen, tokens with feature Case=dative are converted to Case=Dat, tokens with feature Case=accusative are converted to Case=Acc, tokens with feature Case=locative are converted to Case=Loc, tokens with feature Case=instrumental are converted to Case=Ins.


Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 6 different values: Acc, Dat, Gen, Ins, Loc, Nom.

71523 tokens (51%) have a non-empty value of Case. 26166 types (83%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case. 13026 lemmas (77%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/NOUN (30139; 21% instances), sl-pos/ADJ (15027; 11% instances), sl-pos/ADP (13192; 9% instances), sl-pos/PRON (4888; 3% instances), sl-pos/PROPN (4682; 3% instances), sl-pos/DET (2855; 2% instances), sl-pos/NUM (740; 1% instances).

NOUN

30139 sl-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (21345; 71%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm letoNomAccDatGenLocIns
Number=Singletoletoletaletuletom
Number=Dualletiletihletoma
Number=Plurletaletaletomletletihleti

ADJ

15027 sl-pos/ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Case co-occurred: Degree=Pos (13768; 92%), VerbForm=EMPTY (13098; 87%), Definite=EMPTY (12959; 86%), Number=Sing (10131; 67%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm drugNomAccDatGenLocIns
Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrugidrugi
Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrugdrug
Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrugegadrugemudrugegadrugemdrugim
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurdrugidrugedrugimdrugihdrugihdrugimi
Gender=Fem|Number=Singdrugadrugodrugidrugedrugidrugo
Gender=Fem|Number=Dualdrugih
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurdrugedrugedrugihdrugihdrugimi
Gender=Neut|Number=Singdrugodrugodrugegadrugemdrugim
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurdrugadrugadrugih

ADP

13192 sl-pos/ADP tokens (100% of all ADP tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

ADP tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm zaAccGenIns
zazaza

PRON

4888 sl-pos/PRON tokens (70% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Case co-occurred: Reflex=EMPTY (4507; 92%), Number=Sing (3326; 68%), Variant=EMPTY (3033; 62%), PronType=Prs (2722; 56%), Person=EMPTY (2547; 52%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm onNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singonnjeganjemunjeganjemnjim
Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Variant=Shortgamuga
Gender=Masc|Number=Dualonadvanjijunjimanjijunjijunjima
Gender=Masc|Number=Dual|Variant=Shortjujima
Gender=Masc|Number=Pluroninjih, njenjimnjihnjihnjimi
Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Variant=Shortjihjimjih
Gender=Fem|Number=Singonanjonjejnjenjejnjo
Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Variant=Shortjojije
Gender=Fem|Number=Dualnjima
Gender=Fem|Number=Dual|Variant=Shortjujimaju
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurnjimnjihnjihnjimi
Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Variant=Shortjihjimjih
Gender=Neut|Number=Singnjeganjemnjim
Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Variant=Shortgamuga
Gender=Neut|Number=Dual|Variant=Shortju
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurnjihnjihnjimi
Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Variant=Shortjihjimjih

PROPN

4682 sl-pos/PROPN tokens (100% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (4408; 94%), Gender=Masc (2922; 62%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm SlovenijaNomAccDatGenLocIns
SlovenijaSlovenijoSlovenijiSlovenije, SLOVENIJESlovenijiSlovenijo

DET

2855 sl-pos/DET tokens (86% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Case co-occurred: Degree=EMPTY (2855; 100%), Gender[psor]=EMPTY (2476; 87%), Reflex=EMPTY (2399; 84%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (2051; 72%), Person=EMPTY (2051; 72%), Number=Sing (1913; 67%), Poss=EMPTY (1595; 56%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm taNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singtata, tegatemutegatemtem
Gender=Masc|Number=Dualtateh
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurtitetehtehtemi
Gender=Fem|Number=Singtatotejtetejto
Gender=Fem|Number=Dualti
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurtetetemtehtehtemi
Gender=Neut|Number=Singtototemutegatemtem
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurtatatehteh

NUM

740 sl-pos/NUM tokens (38% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Case co-occurred: NumForm=Word (740; 100%), NumType=Card (735; 99%), Number=Plur (415; 56%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm enNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singenen, enegaenemuenegaenemenim
Gender=Masc|Number=Plureni
Gender=Fem|Number=Singenaenoenieneenieno
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurenih
Gender=Neut|Number=Singenoenoenegaenemenim

Relations with Agreement in Case

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Case: NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (11287; 99%), NOUN –[case]–> ADP (10445; 99%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (2835; 86%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (2051; 96%), PRON –[case]–> ADP (1121; 99%), PROPN –[case]–> ADP (995; 99%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (889; 99%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (685; 100%), ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (647; 96%), PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (313; 99%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Slovenian-SST)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 6 different values: Acc, Dat, Gen, Ins, Loc, Nom.

10893 tokens (37%) have a non-empty value of Case. 4011 types (66%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case. 2671 lemmas (68%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Case. The feature is used with 7 part-of-speech tags: sl-pos/NOUN (3627; 12% instances), sl-pos/PRON (2196; 7% instances), sl-pos/ADP (1802; 6% instances), sl-pos/ADJ (1665; 6% instances), sl-pos/DET (660; 2% instances), sl-pos/NUM (499; 2% instances), sl-pos/PROPN (444; 2% instances).

NOUN

3627 sl-pos/NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN and Case co-occurred: Animacy=EMPTY (3255; 90%), Number=Sing (2737; 75%).

NOUN tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm hišaNomAccDatGenLocIns
hišahišohišihišehišihišo

PRON

2196 sl-pos/PRON tokens (85% of all PRON tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which PRON and Case co-occurred: Variant=EMPTY (1788; 81%), Number=Sing (1765; 80%), Person=EMPTY (1281; 58%).

PRON tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm taNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singtatatemutega
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurtiteteh
Gender=Fem|Number=Singtatote
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurteteteh
Gender=Neut|Number=Singtototemutegatemtem
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurta

ADP

1802 sl-pos/ADP tokens (100% of all ADP tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

ADP tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm vAccLoc
vv

ADJ

1665 sl-pos/ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ and Case co-occurred: VerbForm=EMPTY (1479; 89%), Degree=Pos (1443; 87%), Definite=EMPTY (1352; 81%), Number=Sing (1266; 76%).

ADJ tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm drugNomAccDatGenLocIns
Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrugidrugi
Definite=Ind|Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrug
Gender=Masc|Number=Singdrugemudrugega
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurdrugidrugedrugih
Gender=Fem|Number=Singdrugadrugodrugedrugidrugo
Gender=Fem|Number=Dualdrugih
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurdrugedrugedrugihdrugimi
Gender=Neut|Number=Singdrugodrugodrugegadrugemdrugim

DET

660 sl-pos/DET tokens (93% of all DET tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which DET and Case co-occurred: Poss=EMPTY (547; 83%), Person=EMPTY (547; 83%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (547; 83%), Number=Sing (474; 72%), PronType=Dem (331; 50%).

DET tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm taNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singtata, tegategatemtem
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurtitetemtehtemi
Gender=Fem|Number=Singtatotejtetejto
Gender=Fem|Number=Dualti
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurtetetehtehtemi
Gender=Neut|Number=Singtototegatemtem
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurtatatemtehteh

NUM

499 sl-pos/NUM tokens (100% of all NUM tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which NUM and Case co-occurred: NumForm=Word (499; 100%), NumType=Card (498; 100%), Number=Plur (287; 58%).

NUM tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm enNomAccDatGenLocIns
Gender=Masc|Number=Singenen, enegaenemuenegaenim
Gender=Masc|Number=Plurenienih
Gender=Fem|Number=Singenaenoeneenieno
Gender=Fem|Number=Plurene
Gender=Neut|Number=Singenoenoenim
Gender=Neut|Number=Plurena

PROPN

444 sl-pos/PROPN tokens (59% of all PROPN tokens) have a non-empty value of Case.

The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN and Case co-occurred: Number=Sing (403; 91%), Gender=Masc (267; 60%).

PROPN tokens may have the following values of Case:

Paradigm LjubljanaNomAccGenLoc
ljubljanaljubljanoljubljaneljubljani

Relations with Agreement in Case

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Case: NOUN –[case]–> ADP (1148; 97%), NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (939; 99%), NOUN –[det]–> DET (584; 91%), PRON –[case]–> ADP (192; 92%), NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (162; 92%), NOUN –[nummod]–> NUM (156; 60%), PROPN –[case]–> ADP (135; 85%), NOUN –[nsubj]–> PRON (94; 94%), ADJ –[nsubj]–> NOUN (76; 96%), PROPN –[name]–> PROPN (75; 100%).


Case in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]