This is part of archived UD v1 documentation. See http://universaldependencies.org/ for the current version.
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Tense: tense

The Tense feature applies to verbs (VERB and AUX), specifying the time when the action took or takes place, in relation to the current moment or to another action in the utterance.

Tense does not apply to non-finite verbs (infinitives and participles), the negation verb ei, or verbs not in the indicative mood (see http://scripta.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=111; in Finnish).

Pres: present tense

The present tense denotes actions that are happening right now or that usually happen.

Examples

Past: past tense / preterite

The past tense denotes actions that happened before the current moment.

Examples

References


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Past, Pres.

19288 tokens (11%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 4569 types (9%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 1640 lemmas (7%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 2 part-of-speech tags: fi-pos/VERB (16374; 9% instances), fi-pos/AUX (2914; 2% instances).

VERB

16374 fi-pos/VERB tokens (52% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: PartForm=EMPTY (16374; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (16374; 100%), Degree=EMPTY (16374; 100%), InfForm=EMPTY (16374; 100%), Case=EMPTY (16374; 100%), Mood=Ind (16374; 100%), Voice=Act (13523; 83%), Person=3 (11555; 71%), Number=Sing (11075; 68%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm ollaPresPast
Clitic=Han|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActOnhanolihan
Clitic=Han|Number=Plur|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actolihan
Clitic=Han|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovathanolivathan
Clitic=Kaan|Connegative=Yes|Style=Collolekkaan
Clitic=Kaan|Connegative=Yesolekaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkaanolikaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatkaan
Clitic=Kin|Connegative=Yesolekin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonki
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkinolikin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatkin, olemmekinolivatkin
Clitic=Ko,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonks
Clitic=Ko,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActonkosOlikos
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkoolinko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkooliko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=ActOvatkoolivatko
Clitic=Pa,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActOnpasolipas
Clitic=Pa,S|Style=Coll|Voice=PassOllaas
Clitic=Pa|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletpa
Clitic=Pa|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonpaolipa
Clitic=Pa|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actolivatpa
Connegative=Yes|Style=Colloo
Connegative=Yesole
Connegative=Yes|Voice=Passolla
Number=Sing|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoon
Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolen, Oonolin
Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoot
Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletolit
Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Acton, ool
Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonoli
Number=Plur|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoltiin
Number=Plur|Person=1|Voice=ActOlemmeolimme
Number=Plur|Person=2|Voice=Actolette, ootte
Number=Plur|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Acton, ollaanoli
Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovat, olemme, oletteolivat
Voice=Passollaanoltiin

AUX

2914 fi-pos/AUX tokens (81% of all AUX tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which AUX and Tense co-occurred: Mood=Ind (2914; 100%), VerbForm=Fin (2914; 100%), Voice=Act (2485; 85%), Person=3 (2284; 78%), Number=Sing (2161; 74%).

AUX tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm ollaPresPast
Clitic=Han|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActOnhan
Clitic=Kaan|Connegative=Yesolekaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actolikaan
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=ActOlenkinolinkin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkinolikin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatkinolivatkin
Clitic=Ko,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonks
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkoolinko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoot
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkooliko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actootteko
Clitic=Pa,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonpas
Connegative=Yes|Style=Collolla, oo, o
Connegative=Yesole
Number=Sing|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoon, Oomoli
Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenolin
Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoot
Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actolet
Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Acton
Number=Sing|Person=3|Typo=Yes|Voice=Actovat
Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonoli
Number=Plur|Person=1|Voice=Actolimme
Number=Plur|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Acton, ollaanoli
Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovat, olemme, oletteolivat
Voice=Passollaanoltiin

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1645; 73%), VERB –[acl:relcl]–> VERB (63; 53%), VERB –[appos]–> VERB (6; 100%), VERB –[goeswith]–> VERB (1; 100%), AUX –[conj]–> VERB (1; 100%), AUX –[parataxis]–> VERB (1; 100%).


Treebank Statistics (UD_Finnish-FTB)

This feature is universal. It occurs with 2 different values: Past, Pres.

21587 tokens (14%) have a non-empty value of Tense. 5257 types (12%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. 1777 lemmas (8%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Tense. The feature is used with 1 part-of-speech tags: fi-pos/VERB (21587; 14% instances).

VERB

21587 fi-pos/VERB tokens (57% of all VERB tokens) have a non-empty value of Tense.

The most frequent other feature values with which VERB and Tense co-occurred: VerbForm=Fin (21587; 100%), PartForm=EMPTY (21587; 100%), InfForm=EMPTY (21587; 100%), Mood=Ind (21587; 100%), Case=EMPTY (21587; 100%), Voice=Act (19891; 92%), Number=Sing (15603; 72%), Person=3 (14603; 68%).

VERB tokens may have the following values of Tense:

Paradigm ollaPresPast
Clitic=Han,Ko|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=ActOletkohan
Clitic=Han,Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonkoha
Clitic=Han,Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActOnkohanolikohan
Clitic=Han|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=ActOlenhan
Clitic=Han|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=ActOlithan
Clitic=Han|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonhanolihan
Clitic=Han|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovathan
Clitic=Han|Voice=PassOllaanhanOltiinhan
Clitic=Kaan|Connegative=Yes|Number=Sing|Voice=Actollutkaan
Clitic=Kaan|Connegative=Yes|Voice=Actolekaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletkaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkaanolikaan
Clitic=Kaan|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatkaanolivatkaan
Clitic=Kin|Connegative=Yes|Style=Coll|Voice=Actookin
Clitic=Kin|Connegative=Yes|Voice=Actolekin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkinolinkin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletkin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonkiolikii
Clitic=Kin|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkinolikin
Clitic=Kin|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatkin
Clitic=Kin|Voice=PassOltiinkin
Clitic=Ko,S|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=ActOletkosOlitkos
Clitic=Ko,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActonkosOlikos
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=Actooks, olenk, Oonksmä, oonko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenkoolinko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actootko, ootsä, ook, Ooksää, oleks, Ookkonää, oleksä
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=ActoletkoOlitko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actonks, onkoliks, olik
Clitic=Ko|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonkooliko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=1|Voice=Actolemmeko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=ActOottekste, oottekoOlitteks
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=2|Voice=Actoletteko
Clitic=Ko|Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatko
Clitic=Pa,S|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=ActOnpasOlipas
Clitic=Pa,S|Voice=Passollaanpas
Clitic=Pa|Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=ActOlinpa
Clitic=Pa|Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletpa
Clitic=Pa|Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonpaolipa
Clitic=S|Style=Coll|Voice=PassOllaas
Connegative=Yes|Number=Sing|Style=Coll|Voice=Actollu
Connegative=Yes|Number=Sing|Voice=Actollut
Connegative=Yes|Number=Plur|Voice=Actolleet
Connegative=Yes|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoo, o, os, ook, om
Connegative=Yes|Style=Coll|Voice=Passoltuk
Connegative=Yes|Voice=Actole
Connegative=Yes|Voice=Passollaoltu
Number=Sing|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoon, on, ole, oo, Oom, Oommä, oololi
Number=Sing|Person=1|Voice=Actolenolin
Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoot
Number=Sing|Person=2|Voice=Actoletolit
Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Acto, oj, omol, ol´, olii, olä
Number=Sing|Person=3|Voice=Actonoli
Number=Plur|Person=1|Style=Coll|Voice=ActOlimma
Number=Plur|Person=1|Voice=Actolemmeolimme
Number=Plur|Person=2|Style=Coll|Voice=ActOotteolija
Number=Plur|Person=2|Voice=Actoletteolitte
Number=Plur|Person=3|Style=Coll|Voice=Actoovat
Number=Plur|Person=3|Voice=Actovatolivat
Style=Coll|Voice=Passollaaoltti, oltii
Voice=Passollaanoltiin

Relations with Agreement in Tense

The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Tense: VERB –[conj]–> VERB (1178; 67%).


Tense in other languages: [bg] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [eu] [fa] [fi] [fr] [ga] [he] [hu] [it] [ja] [ko] [sv] [u]