VERB: verb
VERB
Definition
A verb is a member of the syntactic class of words that typically signal events and actions, can constitute a minimal predicate in a clause, and govern the number and types of other constituents which may occur in the clause. Verbs are often associated with grammatical categories like tense, mood, aspect and voice, which can either be expressed inflectionally or using auxilliary verbs or particles.
Participles, infinitives and converbs are assigned the tag VERB.
Examples
- finite imperfective verbs:
- kupóvom “I buy / I am buying”, ganósavom “I tinplate / I am tinplating “, zalépem “I stick / I am sticking”, zagrádom “I fence / I am fencing”, nagádom “I fix / I am fixing”
- finite perfective verbs:
- kúpem (kupóvom) “so that I buy”, gánosom (ganósavom) “so that I tinplate”, zálepem (zelépem) “so that I stick”, zágradem (zagrádom) “so that I fence”, nágadem (nagádom) “so that I fix”
- impersonal verbs:
- mrázi “it is cold”, letí “it is raining / it rains”, dúje “it is windy”, pečé “it is hot”, trǽbava “it is needed / it must /it is necessary”
- passive past imperfective participles:
- kupóvan “bought / being bought “, ganósavan “tinplated / being tinplated”, zalépen “sticked /being sticked”, zagrádan “fenced /being fenced”, nagádan “fixed / being fixed”
- passive past perfective participles:
- kúpen “bought”, ganósan “tinplated”, zalepén “sticked”, zagradén “fenced”, nagadén “fixed”
- active past imperfective participles:
- kupóval, ganósaval, zalépel, zagrádal, nagádal (som) “having bought, having tinplated, having stuck, having fenced, having fixed (frequently / meny times)”
- active past perfective participles:
- kúpil, ganósal, zalepíl, zagradíl, nagadíl (som) “have bought, have tinplated, have stuck, have fenced, have fixed (once)”
- infinitives:
- kupová / kupí (kupóvom / kúpem)“to buy / to be buying”, ganosavá / ganosá (ganósavom / gánosom)“to tinplate / to be tinplating”, zalepǽ / zalepí (zalépem / zálepem) “to stick / to be sticking”, zagradá / zagradí (zagrádom / zágradem) “to fence / to be fencing”, nagadá / nagadí (nagádom / nágadem) “to fix /to be fixing”
- iterative infinitives:
- čúktiti čúktiti (čúkom), vórttiti vórttiti (vórtem), cóntiti cóntiti (cónkom), lǘštiti lǘštiti (lǘllem), léptiti léptiti (lépem) “beat and beat, turn and turn, dring and dring, move and move, stick and stick”
- converbs:
- dúmeva (dúmem), rábatøva (rábatem), hódeva (hódem), varvǿva (vórvem), smǿva (smøm so) “talking / by talking, working / by working, going / by going, walking / by walking, laughing / by laughing”
About diminutive and augmentive passive participles (udrítček [udrít] “a little / slightly hit”, udríttišiček [udrít] “totally hit”) see category Degree.md.
VERB in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [yue] [zh]