ADV: adverb
Definition
Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. They may also modify adjectives and other adverbs, as in հաւանաբար սխալ/hawanabar sxal “probably wrong” or շատ աղուոր/šat aġowor “very nice”.
Some complex adverbs are fixed multiword expressions, e.g. երբ եւ իցէ/erb ew ic’ē “ever”, արդէն իսկ/ardēn isk “already”; քիչ մը/k’ič më “a little”.
There is a closed subclass of pronominal adverbs that refer to circumstances in context, rather than naming them directly; similarly to pronouns, these can be categorized as interrogative, relative, demonstrative, indefinite. Pronominal adverbs also get the ADV part-of-speech tag but they are differentiated by additional features. They bear the feature PronType, and demonstrative adverbs additionally bear the feature Deixis.
Note that in Western Armenian some adverbs can form comparative and superlative Degree. The comparative degree is expressed by the adverb աւելի/aweli “more” e.g. աւելի վեր/aweli ver “higher, further up”. The superlative degree is typically formed with the prefix ամենա-/amena-, or the suffix -գույն/-gowyn “most” and often contains the definite article. However, the article is not analyzed separately and is not reflected in the annotation, e.g. ամէնաշատը/amēnashadě “the most”.
Examples
- շատ/šat “very”
- լավ/lav “well”
- հաւանաբար/hawanabar “probably”
- վաղը/vaġë “tomorrow”
- վեր/ver, վար/var “up, down”
- interrogative and relative adverbs: ուր/owr “where”, երբ/erb “when”, ինչպես/inčpes “how”, ինչու/inčow “why”, որքան/ork’an, որչափ/orčap’ “how much”
- demonstrative adverbs: հոս/hos “here”, հոն/hon “there”, այսպես/ayspes “this way”, այնպես/aynpes “that way”, այսչափ/aysčap’ “this much”, այնչափ/aynčap’ “so much”
- indefinite adverbs: երբևէ/erbewē “ever”
ADV in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [hyw] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pal] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]