ADV: adverb
Definition
Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction or manner. In Megrelian, they may also modify adjectives (as in ძან//ძაან სკვამ (d͡zɑn//d͡zɑɑn skʼvɑm) “very beautiful”), other adverbs (as in ძან//ძაან მანგარ (d͡zɑn//d͡zɑɑn</b> mɑnɡɑr) “very well”). There are eight different types of adverbs in Georgian: local (AdvType=Loc), temporal (AdvType=Tim), modifier (AdvType=Man), degree (AdvType=Deg), causal (AdvType=Cau), purpose adverb (AdvType=Pur), interrogative (AdvType=Int), and directional (AdvType=Dir). Generally, adverbs can be considered a closed class of items which can be expanded with two slots, namely a slot for postpositions and for indirect speech markers, but in Georgian, adverbs often have particles added to them, indicating their type, see PartType.
Corresponding language-specific part-of-speech tags
Adv: Adverb
- Loc (local adverb): AdvType=Loc
- Temp (temporal adverb): AdvType=Tim
- Mod, Spec (manner adverb): AdvType=Man
- Deg (degree adverb): AdvType=Deg
- Caus (causal adverb): AdvType=Cau
- Pur (purpose adverb): AdvType=Pur
- Int (interrogative adverb): AdvType=Int
- Dir (directional adverb): AdvType=Dir
Examples
- local adverbs: სო (sɔ) ‘where’, ათაქინე (ɑtɑkinɛ) ‘here’ etc.
- temporal adverbs: მუდოს (mudɔs) ‘when’, ადრე (ɑdrɛ) ‘early’ etc.
- modifier (manner) adverbs: ძან//ძაან (d͡zɑn//d͡zɑɑn) ‘very’, მანგარას (mɑnɡɑrɑs) ‘strongly’ etc.
- degree adverbs: ჭეთ//ჭიჭეთ (t͡ʃʼɛt//t͡ʃʼit͡ʃʼɛt) ‘a little’, ოგვერდალო (ɔɡvɛrdɑlɔ) ‘halfway’ etc.
- causal adverbs: წორეთ (t͡sʼɔrɛt) ‘exactly’, ათეშენი//თეშენი (ɑtɛʃɛni//tɛʃɛni) ‘because’ etc.
- purpose adverbs: ათეშო(თ)//თეშო(თ)//ეშო(თ) ɑtɛʃɔ(t)//tɛʃɔ(t)//ɛʃɔ(t) ‘for this’, ეთიშო(თ)//თიშო(თ)//იშო(თ) ɛtiʃɔ(t)//tiʃɔ(t)//iʃɔ(t) ‘for that’ etc.
- interrogative adverbs: მუსხიი (musxii), მუზმა (muzmɑ) ‘how many’ etc.
- directional adverbs: სოთ (sɔt) ‘where’, სოურეთ (sɔurɛt) ‘where from’ etc.
ADV in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]