PROPN: proper_noun
Definition
Proper nouns specifically represent the names of unique entities, such as individuals, organizations, or geographic locations. Proper nouns are denoted by the PROPN tag, distinguishing them from NOUN and PRON.
Similar to common nouns, Spanish proper nouns also have grammatical features such as gender and number. However, their gender and number are often inherent to the named entity and do not always follow the typical masculine and feminine patterns seen in common nouns. Proper nouns do not usually require articles, but when they do, the articles must agree with the proper noun’s gender and number.
Examples
- Madrid “Madrid”
- Antonio “Antonio”
- Los Ángeles “Los Angeles”
Capitalization
In Spanish, proper nouns are generally capitalized. This includes the first letter of the proper noun, as well as any other words within a multi-word proper noun, such as place or organization names, with some exceptions like prepositions or articles:
- Río de la Plata “River Plate”
- Universidad de Salamanca “University of Salamanca”
Note that when proper nouns are used in an adjectival form, they may lose their capitalization and be tagged as ADJ as in vino francés “French wine” (instead of “vino Francés”)
Compound proper nouns
When proper nouns consist of multiple words, they form compound proper nouns. In Universal Dependencies, these expressions are treated as single units using the MWE tag in the MISC column. While the primary words within the compound proper noun receive the PROPN tag, other words such as determiners or prepositions retain their original POS tags. The head of the MWE is determined based on its syntactic structure. When annotating, it is essential to maintain consistency in the choice of head for similar constructions as in the following examples:
1 San San PROPN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ MWE=San_Francisco|MWEPOS=PROPN
2 Francisco Francisco PROPN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 flat _ _
1 Río Río NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ MWE=Río_de_la_Plata|MWEPOS=PROPN
2 de de ADP _ _ 4 case _ _
3 la la DET _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 det _ _
4 Plata Plata NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nmod _ <!-- Interlanguage links updated Po 11. listopadu 2024, 20:09:25 CET -->
PROPN in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]