PROPN: proper noun
PROPN: proper noun
Definition
A proper noun PROPN is a noun (or nominal content word) that is the name (or part of the name) of a specific individual, place, or object.
When a PROPN is formed by an ADJ and a noun, such as Μεγάλη Βδομάδα / Meghali Vdhomadha “Holy Week”, Λιμενικό Σώμα / Limeniko Soma “Coast Guard”, Άρειος Πάγος/ Arios Pagos “The Supreme Court” the adjective is tagged ADJ and the noun PROPN; the adjective modifies the noun via the syntactic dependency amod.
When other phrases or sentences are used as names, the component words retain their original tags. For example, in Δίωξη ναρκωτικών / Dioxi narkotikon “Drug Enforcement Agency”, both Δίωξη and ναρκωτικών are assigned the tag NOUN.
Τypical modifiers of propern nouns with shortened versions
The words κύριος, κυρία / kirios, kiria ‘mister, madam’ and their shortened version κυρ΄, κυρα receive the same lemma κύριος, κυρία, are assigned the tag ADJ and depend with the amod dependency on the proper noun they modify; however, when Κύριος is used with the meaning “the Lord” (see examples), it is assigned the tag PROPN, e.g., ο.DET κύριος.ADJ Χαρδάκος.PROPN, ένας.DET κύριος.ADJ
The adjective Άγιος ‘Saint’ (all genders) and its shortened version Αη receive the same lemma Άγιος, are assigned the tag ADJ and depend with the amod dependency on the proper noun it modifies, e.g. ο.DET Αγιος.ADJ Νικόλαος.PROPN, ο.DET Άη.ADJ Νικόλας.PROPN.
- For combinations with the forms κυρ, γερο and παπα as a first member and a PROPN or a NOUN as a second one; these combinations may be spelled with or without an ‘-‘. The overall construct is “visible” with the PoS of the head of the compound and this is the reason why the flat dependency was not preferred because the construct would be visible with the PoS of the first member. Another reason is that these combinations may be spelled as one word, e.g., γεροναύτης ‘old sailor’, in which case they are assigned the PoS of the head of the compound.
ο γερο-Αρτέμης
punct(Αρτέμης, -)
compound(Αρτέμης, γέρο)
det(Αρτέμης, ο)
ο γερο Μαθιός
compound(Μαθιός, γέρο)
det(Μαθιός, ο)
Acronyms
Acronyms of proper nouns, such as OHE / OIE “UN” and NATO are assigned the tag PROPN. If they contain numbers (as in various product names) but still consist of one token, they are tagged PROPN and not SYM. However, if a token in a multitoken PROPN consists entirely of digits or an independent word (like 7 in Windows 7, Τρείς Γέφυρες / Tris Gefires “Three Bridges”), it is tagged NUM.
Also when acronyms are spelled out, e.g., #μου-μου-ε* (spelling out of the acronym MME) Μπε-εμ-βε “BMW”, they are assigned the tag PROPN.
Examples
- Κύριε / kirie “Lord.VOC”
- Place names such as Ανατολή / Anatoli “East”, Δύση / Disi “West”, Όλυμπος / olibos “Mount Olympus”
- Day names such as Τρίτη / Triti “Tuesday”, Σαββατοκύριακο / Savatokiriako “weekend”
- Countries such as Eλλάδα / Elada “Greece”, Κύπρος / Kipros “Cyprus”
- Diminutives productively formed by a proper noun and a suffix such as –άκι, –ίτσα, –ούλης,-άκης / -aki, -itsa, -oulis, -akis like Mαράκι / Maraki “little Maria”, Γιαννάκης / Gianakis “little Joh”: they are assigned the lemma of the original noun and the feature
el-DegreeModtakes the valueDiminutive - Augmentatives (μεγεθυντικά) productively formed by a proper noun and a suffix such as -άρας / -aras, like Στελάρας / Stelaras “large/great Stelios”, Σουλάρα / Soulara “large/great Soula”: they are assigned the lemma of the original noun and the feature
el-DegreeModtakes the valueMagnifier - Names of anniversaries, bank holidays such as Ανάσταση / Anastasi “Resurrection”, Επιτάφιος / Epitafios “Epitaph”, Μεγάλη Εβδομάδα / Megali Vdomada “Holy Week”, Πάσχα / Pascha “Easter”, Χριστούγεννα / Christougena “Christmas”, Πρωτοχρονιά / Protochronia “the first day of the year”
- Place names:
- Street names in the genitive case where the noun οδός / odos “street” is omitted, such as (οδός) Ερμού / (odos) Ermou “Ermou (street)”.
- Avenue/motorway names consting of two place names in the genitive case (starting-ending places), e.g., Αθηνών-Κορίνθου “Athens to Corinth Avenue”. These are productive compounds. Each part of the compound is assigned the tag PROPN and the second proper noun depends on the first one with the relation
compound; the first proper noun is considered the head of the compound.
Surnames in the GENitive case, like Κανέλλου / Kanelou (feminine) and Δημητρίου / Dimitriou (masculine/femnine), do not inflect and are assigned their own form as a lemma, e.g., the lemma is Κανέλλου.
PROPN in other languages: [bej] [bg] [bm] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [yue] [zh]