ADV: adverb
Definition
Adverbs are words that typically modify verbs for such categories as time, place, direction, or manner. They may also modify adjectives and other adverbs, as in խիստ տաք/xist tak’ “very hot” or խիստ կամկար/xist kamkar “very gently”, կարի շատ/kari šat “too much”.
Note that in Middle Armenian some adverbs can form comparative degree constructions Degree. The comparative degree is expressed by the adverb այլ/ayl “more”, e.g. այլ արագ/ayl arag “more quickly”.
Some complex adverbs are fixed multiword expressions, e.g. օր քան զօր/òr k’an zòr “day by day”, ի ներս/i ners “inside”, ի դուրս/i dowrs “out”, տկուկ-տկուկ/tkowk-tkowk “layer-by-layer”. The status of component words is accounted for in the syntactic annotation: the subsequent word is linked to the first one by the fixed relation.
There is a closed subclass of pronominal adverbs that refer to circumstances in context, rather than naming them directly; similarly to pronouns, these can be
categorized as interrogative, relative, demonstrative. Pronominal adverbs also get the ADV part-of-speech tag but they are differentiated by additional features. They inflect for PronType, and
demonstrative adverbs additionally inflect for Deixis.
Examples
- այլուվայր/aylowvayr “again”
- էգվնէ/ēgvnē “tomorrow morning”
- դրուցեւ/drowc’ew “outwardly”
- ի լման/i lman “entirely”
- խոհեմտաբար/xohemtabar “wisely”
- interrogative adverbs: ուր/owr “where”, ուստի/owsti “where from”, որչափ/orčap’ “how many/much”, ոնց/onc’ “how”
- relative: յայնժամ/yaynžam, յորժամ/yoržam “at the time, when”
- demonstrative adverbs: աստ/ast “here”; աստուստ/astowst “from here”; այտի/ayti “from there”; հանչաք/hančak’ “that much”, էնպես/ēnpes “so, as, that way”
ADV in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [ess] [et] [eu] [fi] [fro] [fr] [ga] [grc] [gub] [hu] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [uk] [u] [urj] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]