advmod: adverbial modifier
An adverbial modifier of a word is a (non-clausal) adverb or adverbial phrase that serves to modify a predicate (1, 2, 3), a modifier word (4, 5), and in some restricted cases function words (6-8).
Predicates may be a verb (1) or a predicate adjective (2) or nominal (3) in copular constructions.
# visual-style 3 2 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
1 你 _ PRON _ _ 3 nmod _ 2SG
2 已經 _ ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ already
3 答應 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ promise
4 咗 _ AUX _ _ 3 aux _ PERF
5 佢 _ PRON _ _ 3 obj _ 3SG
1 "You _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 already _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 promised _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 her." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 2 1 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
1 仲 _ ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ more
2 好 _ ADJ _ _ 0 root _ good
1 "better" _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 6 2 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 6 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 6 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 5 nsubj _ 3SG.M
2 曾經 _ ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ once
3 係 _ VERB _ _ 5 cop _ COP
4 個 _ NOUN _ _ 5 det _ CL:generic
5 廚師 _ NOUN _ _ 0 root _ chef
1 "He _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 was _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 a _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 chef _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 once." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
Modifier words that may be modified by an adverb include numerals (4) and quantifying determiners (5).
# visual-style 2 1 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
1 大概 _ ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ around
2 五百 _ NUM _ _ 3 nummod _ five-hundred
3 蚊 _ NOUN _ _ 0 root _ dollars
1 "about _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 five _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 hundred _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 dollars" _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 2 1 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 1 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 1 fgColor:white
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
1 太 _ ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ too
2 多 _ DET _ _ 3 det _ many
3 人 _ NOUN _ _ 0 root _ people
1 "too _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 many _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 people" _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
When the negative 唔 m4 precedes a modal auxiliary, it modifies the auxiliary and not the verb (6). This is because when the verb is negated, 唔 m4 precedes the verb immediately, after the auxiliary (7). Both the auxiliary and the verb can be negated simultaneously in Cantonese (8).
# visual-style 3 2 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj _ 3SG
2 唔 _ ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ NEG
3 可以 _ AUX _ _ 4 aux _ can
4 去 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ go
1 "She _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 is _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 not _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 able/allowed _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 to _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 go." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 4 3 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj _ 3SG.F
2 可以 _ AUX _ _ 4 aux _ can
3 唔 _ ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ NEG
4 去 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ go
1 "She _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 is _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 able/allowed _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 to _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 not _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 go." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
# visual-style 3 2 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 5 4 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 2 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 2 fgColor:white
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
# visual-style 5 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 5 fgColor:white
1 佢 _ PRON _ _ 5 nsubj _ 3SG.F
2 唔 _ ADV _ _ 3 advmod _ NEG
3 可以 _ AUX _ _ 5 aux _ can
4 唔 _ ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ NEG
5 去 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ go
1 "She _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 is _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 not _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 able/allowed _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
5 to _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
6 not _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
7 go." _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
Temporal expressions that are adverbs or short adverbial phrases also use the advmod relation. (However, temporal expressions that are nouns or noun phrases use the obl:tmod relation.)
# visual-style 4 3 advmod color:blue
# visual-style 3 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 3 fgColor:white
# visual-style 4 bgColor:blue
# visual-style 4 fgColor:white
1 希望 _ VERB _ _ 0 root _ hope
2 佢 _ PRON _ _ 4 nsubj _ 3SG.M
3 早日 _ ADV _ _ 4 advmod _ early
4 康復 _ VERB _ _ 1 ccomp _ recover
5 啦 _ PART _ _ 1 discourse:sp _ SP
1 "Hope _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
2 he'll _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
3 recover _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
4 soon!" _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _
advmod in other languages: [bej] [bg] [cop] [cs] [de] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [gsw] [hy] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [ky] [no] [pcm] [pt] [qpm] [ro] [ru] [sl] [sv] [swl] [tr] [u] [uz] [vi] [yue] [zh]