ADJ: adjective
Definition
Adjectives are words that typically modify nouns and specify their properties or attributes. They may also function as predicates, as in: Նեղ էր հորիզոնը/Neġ ēr horizonë “The horizon was narrow.”
The ADJ tag is intended for ordinary adjectives only. See DET for determiners and NUM for numerals.
In accordance with the UD approach, ordinal numerals (առաջին/aṙaǰin, երկրորդ/erkrord, վեցերորդ/vec’erord, եօթանասուներորդ/eòt’anasownerord) “first, second, sixth, seventieth” are tagged as adjectives, although the traditional grammar classifies them as numerals. They behave like adjectives both morphologically and syntactically, with the exception that they cannot form degrees of comparison.
Most Western Armenian adjectives can form comparative and superlative Degree (մեծ/meç, ավելի մեծ/aveli meç, ամենամեծ/amenameç “big, bigger, the biggest”).
Examples
- մեծ/meç “big”
- ամուր/amowr “hard, strong”
- հին/hin “old”
- կանաչ/kanač “green”
- անկարելի/ankareli “impossible”
- առաջին/aṙaǰin, երկրորդ/erkrord, երրորդ/errord “first, second, third”
Border cases
Resultative, subject, and past participles are word forms that share properties of both adjectives and verbs. Note that both core participial forms (used to form finite indicative tenses) and adjectival participles (used in nominal predication with the copula or as noun modifiers) are tagged as VERB:
- նուաղած էր/nowaġaç ēr “he/she was weakened”
- խռովուած էր/xṙovowaç ēr “he/she was troubled”
- գացած էին/gac’aç ēin “they had gone”
- կարուած, կարուող, կարուելիք հանդերձներ/karowaç, karowoġ, karowelik’ handerjner “garments tailored, being tailored, and yet to be tailored”
- տարուած, տարուող, տարուելիք աշխատանքներ/tarowaç, tarowoġ, tarowelik’ ašxatank’ner “work carried out, being carried out, and to be carried out”
Note that some participial adjectives that are already lexicalized as adjectives are tagged ADJ, although they may retain certain verbal features.
- ստիպուած/stipowaç “forced”
- ողորմած/oġormaç “gracious”
ADJ in other languages: [axm] [bej] [bg] [bm] [ca] [cs] [cy] [da] [el] [en] [es] [et] [eu] [fi] [fr] [fro] [ga] [grc] [hbo] [hu] [hy] [hyw] [it] [ja] [ka] [kk] [kpv] [ky] [myv] [naq] [nmf] [no] [oge] [pal] [pcm] [ps] [pt] [qpm] [ru] [sl] [sv] [tr] [tt] [u] [uk] [urj] [vi] [xcl] [xmf] [yue] [zh]